ME EngLT 11 Q1 0304_SG_Drama PDF

21st Century Literature of the Philippines and the World Grade 11/12 Unit 3: Major Literary Genres LESSON 3.4 Drama Table of Contents Introduction...

21st Century Literature of the Philippines and the World Grade 11/12 Unit 3: Major Literary Genres LESSON 3.4 Drama Table of Contents Introduction 1 Objectives 2 DepEd Competencies 2 Warm-Up 2 Learn about It 2 Types of Drama 3 Dialogues 4 Key Points 5 Check Your Understanding 6 Let’s Step Up! 6 Photo Credit 6 Bibliography 7  21st Century Literature of the Philippines and the World Grade 11/12 Unit 3: Major Literary Genres Lesson 3.4 Drama Fig. 1. “All the world's a stage, And all the men and women merely players.” — William Shakespeare Introduction Many people are hooked on watching movies, plays, and television series because these forms of literature mirror the lives of people. Thus, they can easily relate themselves with the characters of these forms of entertainment as they succeed and fail, cry and laugh, love and hate. In this lesson, you will learn about drama, its striking elements, and its subgenres. 1  21st Century Literature of the Philippines and the World Grade 11/12 Unit 3: Major Literary Genres Objectives In this lesson, you should be able to do the following: Define drama and distinguish it from other major literary genres. Identify the elements of drama. Analyze reading selections according to their elements. DepEd Competencies At the end of this lesson, you should be able to do the following: Explain the texts in terms of literary elements, genres, and traditions (EN12Lit-IIb-32). Distinguish the literary uses of language from the nonliterary and understands their use as well as the formal features and conventions of literature (EN12Lit-IIe-34). Identify the figures of speech and other literary techniques and devices in the text (EN12Lit-IIe-27). Warm-Up Recall the last play or movie you watched in the theater or the last television series you binge-watched with your family. What made you hooked on watching them until the end? Learn about It Dramas are stories in verse or prose form that are meant to be performed onstage in front of an audience. Authors who write dramas are called dramatists or playwrights. The elements of drama are similar to those of fiction, except that drama is written in a form 2  21st Century Literature of the Philippines and the World Grade 11/12 Unit 3: Major Literary Genres called script, in which the lines are written in dialogues with stage directions. Also, instead of chapters, dramas are divided into acts and scenes. Vocabulary an event in a drama with continuous action; usually scene (noun) grouped into acts a series of scenes in a drama; each act contains scenes act (noun) that are related to one another, whether through theme, setting, or time frame the body of work a drama is based on; contains all the script (noun) characters’ lines, actions, and blocking farce (noun) a nonsensical drama that employs slapstick humor the speech of a character alone on stage, usually as soliloquy though the character talks to himself/herself, and no (noun) one but the audience can hear Essential Question Why do people easily relate to some forms of literature? Types of Drama Tragedy The central character in a tragedy has a tragic flaw, making this character a tragic hero. It means that he or she possesses a characteristic that can lead to his or her downfall. 3  21st Century Literature of the Philippines and the World Grade 11/12 Unit 3: Major Literary Genres Examples are Hamlet and Macbeth by William Shakespeare and the tragedies written by Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides. Comedy Comedic plays aim to make the audience laugh. Comedic stories are lighthearted. They often take place in unusual circumstances, and it is typical for characters in these plays to utter witty remarks. Examples are The Taming of the Shrew and Merchant of Venice by William Shakespeare. Note, however, that Shakespearean comedy is different from contemporary comedy. Musical Drama The characters in a musical drama dance and sing. Various themes are presented, from serious to comedic. Farce A farce is a nonsensical drama that employs slapstick humor. It is mainly comedic and is characterized by absurd conditions or situations and ardent actions. An example is The Flying Doctor by Molière. Melodrama A melodrama is characterized by the characters’ exaggerated emotions in various situations. Dialogues Dialogue refers to the characters’ speech and is considered the lifeblood of drama. The members of the audience get to understand the story, not only by the characters’ actions but also by their speech. Dialogue may take the following forms: Dialogue These are the conversations of two or more characters onstage. 4  21st Century Literature of the Philippines and the World Grade 11/12 Unit 3: Major Literary Genres Monologue This is a long speech given by one character that can be heard by or directed to other characters who are also onstage. Soliloquy This is the speech of a character who is alone onstage. It is portrayed as though the character is talking to himself or herself, or to the audience, and the words cannot be heard by the other characters. Aside This is a remark that a character makes that is meant only for the audience to hear. The other characters onstage do not hear asides. Since it is meant to be performed, there are additional elements in drama that deal with bringing the story to life such as set, lighting, costume, and props. Let’s Check In Go back to your answer in the warm up section. 1. In what subgenre of drama does it belong? What made you classify it as such? 2. What dialogue/monologue/soliloquy/aside is memorable to you? Why? Key Points Drama is one of the main genres of literature. It has varied types: tragedy, comedy, farce, melodrama, and musical drama. The content of the drama is in the form of dialogues. There are various forms in 5  21st Century Literature of the Philippines and the World Grade 11/12 Unit 3: Major Literary Genres which lines are presented such as through dialogue, monologue, soliloquy, and aside. Check Your Understanding Fill in the blanks with the correct answer. 1. A play is written in a form of script that includes the dialogues and the _______________. 2. A tragic hero has a _______________ that leads to his or her downfall. 3. A farce employs _______________ humor. 4. A _______________’s characters exhibit exaggerated emotions in various situations. 5. When a character does an _______________, he or she utters lines that only the audience is meant to hear. Let’s Step Up! Choose a one-act play to read and (1) identify its sub genre, (2) summarize the plot, and (3) identify the types of dialogues present there. Share your answers with a partner. Photo Credit Fig. 1. Drama by pch.vector is licensed under Freepik License. 6  21st Century Literature of the Philippines and the World Grade 11/12 Unit 3: Major Literary Genres Bibliography Paradigm Education, LLC. “Act 2 Scene 2.” Accessed December 2, 2021. https://myshakespeare.com/romeo-and-juliet/act-2-scene-2. Shakespeare.mit.edu. “The Life and Death of Julius Caesar.” Accessed December 2, 2021. http://shakespeare.mit.edu/julius_caesar/full.html. Shakespeare, William. “Hamlet, Act III, Scene I [To be, or not to be].” Accessed December 2, 2021. https://poets.org/poem/hamlet-act-iii-scene-i-be-or-not-be. Rostand, Edmond. “The Project Gutenberg EBook of Cyrano de Bergerac.” Accessed December 2, 2021. https://www.gutenberg.org/files/1254/1254-h/1254-h.htm#51_Scene5.V. The Writing Center. “Drama.” Accessed December 2, 2021. https://writingcenter.unc.edu/tips-and-tools/drama/. 7