WK1 - Lecture 1 - Student - Introduction to Emergencies Su24 PDF

DH 410 – EMERGENCIES IN DENTAL PRACTICE Lecture 1: Introduction to Emergencies  Medical Emergencies  Do occur in the dental office  7.5 emergencies over a ten year period  On average, per office  1/3 of all emergencies are life thre...

DH 410 – EMERGENCIES IN DENTAL PRACTICE Lecture 1: Introduction to Emergencies  Medical Emergencies  Do occur in the dental office  7.5 emergencies over a ten year period  On average, per office  1/3 of all emergencies are life threatening  3000 life threatening emergencies per year in U.S. dental offices  Increasing age of population will lead to increase in medical emergencies  Advances in medical and pharmaceutical professions (longer life span)  Growing trend toward longer dental appointments (new procedures)  Increased use/administration of drugs in dentistry  Anesthetics, Sedatives, etc.  Most Common Emergencies  #1 Syncope  Most likely to occur #1 DURING OR AFTER administration of local anesthetic!! Why do you think?  #2 Mild allergic reaction  #3 Angina pectoris  #4 Orthostatic hypotension  AKA: Postural hypotension  Prevention  Medical history  Thorough, complete, accurate, & EVERY appointment  Does the form cover everything? Are things missing?  Vital signs  Proper use of equipment – proper taking of vitals  Incorrect vital gathering procedures = incorrect patient protective information  Calibration of equipment (if electronic)  Electronic not as reliable  Preparing for a medical emergency  Proper training  Practice skits and scenarios  Prevention  Medical history  Thorough, complete, accurate, & EVERY appointment  Does the form cover everything? Are things missing?  Vital signs  Proper use of equipment – proper taking of vitals  Incorrect vital gathering procedures = incorrect patient protective information  Calibration of equipment (if electronic)  Electronic not as reliable  Preparing for a medical emergency  Proper training  Practice skits and scenarios  Prevention  Medical history  Thorough, complete, accurate, & EVERY appointment  Does the form cover everything? Are things missing?  Vital signs  Proper technique / use of equipment  Incorrect vital assessment = incorrect patient protective information  Calibration of equipment (if electronic)  Electronic not as reliable  Preparing for a medical emergency  Proper training  Practice skits and scenarios  Medical History  Patients may report a condition that can increase the risk of a medical emergency  Conditions may include (not limited to this list):  Heart conditions – MI, CHF  Asthma  CVA, frequent headaches or dizziness  Epilepsy  Thyroid problems  Diabetes  Corticosteroid use  Allergy  Bleeding disorders  Positive Response  Further dialogue with patient  Ask open ended questions  Determine frequency, severity, triggers  Ask, ask, ask  May need to postpone or modify treatment  Can the patient physically and psychologically tolerate the treatment  Contraindications to drugs used?  ASA status?  Vital Signs - Temperature - Blood pressure (BP) - Oxygen saturation - Pulse & Respiration  Vital signs are essential  This can be life saving!  Know your vital signs! (BP, pulse, oxygen saturation, temperature)  Irregular vital signs are an indication of possible medical emergency  More will be discussed in vital signs chapter  ASA Classification*  Patients with higher ASA classifications have a greater risk of medical emergency *Please review ASA Classification provided in the WLAC Dental Hygiene Program Clinic Guidelines*  ASA Classification *REVIEW* https://www.a sahq.org/stand ards-and- practice- parameters/sta tement-on- asa-physical- status- classification- system  Preparation for Medical Emergencies in the Dental Office  Well-equipped medical emergency kit  Emergency O2 tank  Current CPR training  Mandatory (every 2yrs)  Attendance at CE courses on medical emergencies  Life-long learning  In-office simulated medical emergencies  Skits and Scenarios  Reference Malamed, S. F. (2022). Medical emergencies in the dental office. Elsevier. Little, J. W., Miller, C., & Rhodus, N. L. (2017). Little and Falace’s dental management of the medically compromised patient. Mosby. Grimes, E. B. (2014). Medical emergencies: Essentials for the Dental Professional. Prentice Hall. Medical Emergencies for the Dental professional Part 1: Medical Emergencies Basic skills & Introduction of Scenarios. (n.d.). https://www.colgateoralhealthnetwork.com/webinar/medical-emergencies-for-the-dental- professional-part-1-medical-emergencies-basic-skills-introduction-of-scenarios/