STS Course PDF

STS Course S&T and the Human Condition (Week 7-8) PART 1 It is suggested that the videos found in this link will be viewed before the synchronous class thru this link: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLb9giqDnSCG0inLiQcLyJOhG2_y8cHseP  STS Course...

STS Course S&T and the Human Condition (Week 7-8) PART 1 It is suggested that the videos found in this link will be viewed before the synchronous class thru this link: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLb9giqDnSCG0inLiQcLyJOhG2_y8cHseP  STS Course S&T and the Human Condition: (Human Flourishing as Reflected in Progress and Development) Learning Outcomes: 1. Critique human flourishing vis-à- vis the progress of S&T 2. Analyze the human condition in order to deeply reflect and express philosophical implications that are meaningful to you as a part of society 3. Discuss the importance of upholding human rights in science, technology and development 4. Identify key documents and their principles that ensure the well-being of human rights in the midst of scientific progress and technological development 5. Examine shared concerns that make up the good life in order to come up with informed decisions on contemporary issues guided by ethical standards. 6. Analyze the human condition in order to deeply reflect and express philosophical implications that are meaningful to you as a part of society  STS Course S&T and the Human Condition: ❑ A. The Good Life Nichomachean Ethics Eudaimonia: The Ultimate Good Arete and Human Happiness ❑ B. Human Person Flourishing in terms of S&T Martin Heidegger C.S. Lewis Jason Hickel Jason Hickel Bill Joy ★ When Technology and Humanity Cross Why the future doesn't need us - Bill Joy Martin Heidegger C.S. Lewis Aristotle STS Course S&T and the Human Condition: (A. The Good Life: Nicomachean Ethics) What is happiness? In Psychology, happiness is a To behaviorists, happiness is a mental or emotional state of To neurologist, happiness is cocktail of emotions we well-being which can be define the experience of a flood of experience when we do by, among others, positive or hormones released in the brain something goo or positive. pleasant emotions ranging as a reward for behavior that from contentment to intense prolongs survival. joy. STS Course S&T and the Human Condition: (Human Flourishing as Reflected in Progress and Development) Courtesy: NowThis World Youtube Channel https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sEKQYYhp3eE Courtesy: Skerry Harry Youtube Channel https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M5dDQL6Oqqk Factors such as per capita gross domestic product, healthy years of life expectancy, trust and perceived freedom to make life choices were all considered. STS Course S&T and the Human Condition: (Human Flourishing as Reflected in Progress and Development) According to the “World of Happiness report 2021,” the Philippines is ranked number 61st for overall happiness within the country (United Nations Sustainable Development Solutions network) STS Course S&T and the Human Condition: (Human Flourishing as Reflected in Progress and Development) Ten unhappiest nations 1) Burundi 2) Central African Republic 3) South Sudan 4) Tanzania 5) Yemen 6) Rwanda 7) Syria 8) Liberia 9) Haiti 10) Malawi STS Course S&T and the Human Condition: (A. The Good Life: Nicomachean Ethics) ❑ Is the most significant thinker and the most accomplished individual who has ever lived. ❑ The teacher of those who know, defended reason, invented logic, focused on reality, and emphasized the importance of life on earth, in Aristotle which enabled science and technology to (384-322 B.C) develop and flourish. Source: http://www.quebecoislibre.org/031122-11.html Retrieved: October 6, 2020 STS Course S&T and the Human Condition: (A. The Good Life: Nicomachean Ethics) What is happiness? ❑According to Aristotle, Happiness is the ultimate end of human action. ❑Happiness defines a good life. STS Course S&T and the Human Condition: (A. The Good Life: Nicomachean Ethics) What is Aristotle’s view on Human Flourishing? ❑ Human flourishing (also known as personal flourishing), involves the rational use of one’s individual human potentials, including talents, abilities and virtues in the pursuit of his freely and rationally chosen values and goals. ❑ Human flourishing is a moral accomplishment and fulfillment of human capacities, and it is one through being the other. Aristotle (384-322 B.C) Self-actualization is a moral growth and vice-versa. Source: http://www.quebecoislibre.org/031122-11.html Retrieved: October 6, 2020 STS Course S&T and the Human Condition: (A. The Good Life: Nicomachean Ethics) What is Aristotle’s view on Human Flourishing? ❑ Human flourishing becomes an actuality when one uses his practical reason to consider his unique needs, circumstances, capabilities, and so on, to determine which concrete instantiations of human values and virtues will comprise his well-being. Aristotle ❑ to flourishing, a man must pursue goals that are both (384-322 B.C) rational for him individually and also as a human being. Source: http://www.quebecoislibre.org/031122-11.html Retrieved: October 6, 2020 STS Course S&T and the Human Condition: (A. The Good Life: Nicomachean Ethics) Aristotle viewed ❑Virtues are the means to values which enable us to achieve human flourishing and happiness. ❑Self-direction (i.e autonomy) involves the use of one’s reason and is central and necessary for Aristotle possibility of attaining human flourishing, self- (384-322 B.C) esteem, and happiness. Source: http://www.quebecoislibre.org/031122-11.html Retrieved: October 6, 2020 STS Course S&T and the Human Condition: (A. The Good Life: Nicomachean Ethics) According to Aristotle “Virtue,then, being of two kinds, intellectual and moral. Intellectual virtue in the main owes its birth and growth to teaching (for which reason it requires experience and time), while Moral virtue comes about as a result of habit.” (Nicomachean Ethics 2:1) Aristotle (384-322 B.C) Source: http://www.quebecoislibre.org/031122-11.html Retrieved: October 6, 2020 STS Course S&T and the Human Condition: (A. The Good Life: Nicomachean Ethics) Nichomachean Ethics ❑ It is a philosophical inquiry into the nature of the good life for a human being ❑ Aristotle believed that the goal of all human life is to achieve ultimate happiness ❑ Human instinct is characterized by achieving personal fulfillment, thus leading to happiness ❑ Aristotle warns against going astray and “preferring a life suitable to beasts” by assuming happiness and pleasure Aristotle (384-322 B.C) are equal STS Course S&T and the Human Condition: (A. The Good Life: Nicomachean Ethics) Nichomachean Ethics ❑ Considers happiness as a final and self-sufficient, end of an action. ❑ Aristotle maintains that life of contemplation and virtue is the best and happiest life. ❑ According to Aristotle, “Happiness extends, then, just as far as contemplation does, and those whom contemplation more fully Aristotle (384-322 B.C) belongs are more truly happy, not as a mere concomitant butin virtue of the contemplation; for this is in itself precious.” STS Course S&T and the Human Condition: (A. The Good Life: Nicomachean Ethics) Nichomachean Ethics ❑ For example, the activity of a God surpasses all others in blessedness to which must be contemplative; and as human activities corresponds to this, therefore, making this the most of nature and happiness. ❑ Practical wisdom is linked with virtue of character and that practical wisdom is in accordance with the moral virtues and rightness morals with practical wisdom. Aristotle (384-322 B.C) ❑ The life of a man who is active in accordance with virtue will be happy, as passion and moral virtues belong to our composite nature. STS Course S&T and the Human Condition: (A. The Good Life: Eudaimonia-The Ultimate Good) Eudaimonia ❑ Eudaimonia – a term that combines the Greek words for “good” and “spirit” to describe the ideology; living well and doing well ❑ Defines happiness as the pursuit of becoming a better person ❑ Eudaimonists do this by challenging themselves Aristotle (384-322 B.C) intellectually or by engaging in activities that make them spiritually richer people STS Course S&T and the Human Condition: (A. The Good Life: Eudaimonia-The Ultimate Good) Eudaimonia ❑ According to Aristotle, there is an end of all of the actions that we perform which we desire for itself – eudaimonia, flourishing, or happiness, which is desired for its own sake with all other things being desired on its account ❑ Eudaimonia is a property of one’s life when considered as a whole. Flourishing is the highest good of human endeavors and than toward which all actions aim. It is success as a human being. The best life is one of excellent human activity Aristotle (384-322 B.C) STS Course S&T and the Human Condition: (A. The Good Life: Arete and Human Happiness) Arete ❑ It is Greek term which defined as “excellence of any kind” and can also mean “moral virtue”. ❑ A virtue is what makes one function well. ❑ Aristotle suggested two types of virtue: intellectual virtue and moral virtue Aristotle (384-322 B.C) STS Course S&T and the Human Condition: (A. The Good Life: Arete and Human Happiness) Arete ❑ Intellectual virtue or virtue of thought is achieved through education, time, and experience. ❑ It is acquired through self-taught knowledge and skills as much as those knowledge and skills taught and learned in formal instituions ❑ Key intellectual virtues are wisdom, which guides ethical behavior, and understanding, which is gained from scientific endeavors and contemplation Aristotle (384-322 B.C) STS Course S&T and the Human Condition: (A. The Good Life: Arete and Human Happiness) Arete ❑ Moral virtue or virtue of character is achieved through habitual practice. It is like a skill.. ❑ Some key moral virtues are generosity, temperance, and courage. ❑ Aristotle explained that although the capacity for intellectual virtue is innate, it is brought into completion only by practice. Aristotle (384-322 B.C) STS Course S&T and the Human Condition: (A. The Good Life: Arete and Human Happiness) Arete ❑ It is by repeatedly being unselfish that one develops the virtue of generosity. ❑ It is by repeatedly resisting and foregoing every inviting opportunity that one develops the virtue of temperance. ❑ It is by repeatedly exhibiting the proper action and emotional response in the face of danger that one develops the virtue of courage. Aristotle (384-322 B.C) STS Course S&T and the Human Condition: (A. The Good Life: Arete and Human Happiness) Arete ❑ Both intellectual and moral virtue should be in accordance with reason to achieve eudaimonia. ❑ A virtue is ruined by any excess and deficiency in how one lives and acts. ❑ A balance between two extremes is a requisite of virtue Aristotle (384-322 B.C)  STS Course S&T and the Human Condition: (A. The Good Life: Arete and Human Happiness) According to Aristotle, how important are laws? Section 3 (Nichomachean ethics): All lawful things are in some sense just. Laws deal with matters that are commonly expedient with respect to virtue or honor The law orders us to perform the actions of a virtuous man through certain commands and prohibitions. Aristotle (384-322 B.C)  STS Course S&T and the Human Condition: (A. The Good Life: Arete and Human Happiness) According to Aristotle, how important are laws? Good laws are necessary in order to make people virtuous Laws and proper education are necessarily especially for the young, in order ○ to train their passions and desires to be in accord with reason. Since such a great number are not virtuous, laws are necessary not just for the young, but for everyone. Aristotle (384-322 B.C) STS Course What is your “ take-away”? STS Course In your opinion, what constitutes a good life? What does Aristotle say about the good life? Does it still stand in the contemporary world? How is the progress of Science and Technology a movement towards a good life?  STS Course Let us answer the following items Part 1: Identify what is asked. _____1. It is that which all things aim. _____2. Means living well and doing well. _____3. It is said to be the ultimate end of human action. _____4. He is an Ancient Philosopher known for Nicomachean Ethics. _____5. It is the constant practice of doing good, and excellence of character. Part 2: Write TRUE if the statement is TRUE and FALSE if the statement is false. _____6. It is by repeatedly exhibiting the proper action and emotional response in the face of danger that one develops the virtue of courage. _____7. It is by repeatedly being unselfish that one develops the virtue of generosity _____8. Good laws are necessary in order to make people virtuous. _____9. Both intellectual and moral virtue should be in accordance with reason to achieve eudaimonia. ____10.Human flourishing is a moral accomplishment and fulfillment of human capacities  STS Course Let us answer the following items Part 1: Identify what is asked. _____1. It is that which all things aim. (good) _____2. Means living well and doing well. (Happiness) _____3. It is said to be the ultimate end of human action. (Eudaimonia) _____4. He is an Ancient Philosopher known for Nicomachean Ethics. (Aristotle) _____5. It is the constant practice of doing good, and excellence of character. (Virtue) Part 2: Write TRUE if the statement is TRUE and FALSE if the statement is false. _____6. It is by repeatedly exhibiting the proper action and emotional response in the face of danger that one develops the virtue of courage. (TRUE) _____7. It is by repeatedly being unselfish that one develops the virtue of generosity. (TRUE) _____8. Good laws are necessary in order to make people virtuous. (TRUE) _____9. Both intellectual and moral virtue should be in accordance with reason to achieve eudaimonia. (TRUE) ____10.Human flourishing is a moral accomplishment and fulfillment of human capacities (TRUE)  STS Course References 1. Dr. Edward Younkins is a Professor of Accountancy and Business Administration at Wheeling Jesuit University in West Virginia. 2. Date Retrieved: October 6, 2020 3. Martin Heidegger: The Questions of Technology: https://www2.hawaii.edu/~freeman/courses/phil394/he%20Question%20Concerning%20Technology.pdf Date Retrieved:October 5, 2020 4. Jason Hickel’s Forget 'developing' poor countries, it's time to 'de-develop 'rich countries: https://www.theguardian.com/global- development-professionals-network/2015/sep/23/developing-poor- countries- de-develop-rich-countries-sdgs 5. About CS Lewis https://www.cslewis.com/us/about-cs-lewis 6. CS Lewis: The Magician’s Twin:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FPeyJvXU68k 7. Village of the Watermills by Akira Kurosawa: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aK4mtPQ_THM Date retrieved; October 10, 2020 8. Human flourishing: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d0 cGi72MnVM 9. The nature of Science and Technology and Society: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Idu6-cF42NA 10. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4--OcOMaWZU 11. https://iep.utm.edu/heidegge/ retrieved October 5, 2020 STS Course THANK YOU