Week 6 Revision of Plexus, Brachial Plexus PDF

 OBJECTIVE Review nerve plexus Cervical plexus - serves the head, neck and shoulders. Brachial plexus - serves the chest, shoulders, arms and hands. Lumbosacral plexus. Lumbar plexus - serves the back, abdomen, groin, thighs, knees, and calves. Coccygeal plexus - serves a small region...

 OBJECTIVE Review nerve plexus Cervical plexus - serves the head, neck and shoulders. Brachial plexus - serves the chest, shoulders, arms and hands. Lumbosacral plexus. Lumbar plexus - serves the back, abdomen, groin, thighs, knees, and calves. Coccygeal plexus - serves a small region over the coccyx. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nynb5DM3NpY&t=1s OBJECTIVE Review in detail brachial plexus https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VdiFNYdIo1o Review common injury of terminal branches (musculocutaneous, median, ulnar, axillary, and radial nerves) because of trauma, tumor, inflammation, injury. Link brachial plexus anatomy to Obstetrical Brachial Plexus alsy (Erb’s and Klumpke palsy) Slides 4- 6 is revision from Spinal cord lecture Vertebral column: 33 vertebrae  5 of them fuse to make the sacrum = considered 1 bone  4 fuse to form the coccyx = considered 1 bone 26 bone  Here it’s different In the thoracic part: Each spinal nerve arises from its corresponding segment below the corresponding vertebra BRACHIAL PLEXUS Network of nerves in the shoulder that carries movement and sensory signals from the spinal cord to the arms and hands. Brachial plexus injuries typically stem from trauma to the neck, and can cause pain, weakness and numbness in the arm and hand. BRACHIAL PLEXUS  Is a network of nerve fibers (anterior rami) running from the spinal cord, formed by the lower four cervical and first thoracic (C5  T1 )  Proceeds through the neck, axilla, into the arm  Gives off many nerves that supply the shoulder, chest, and arms FORMATION The Plexus can be divided into: Roots Trunks Divisions Cords The roots of C5 & 6 unite to form upper trunk The root of C7 continues as the middle trunk The roots of C8 & T1 unite to form lower trunk ROOTS: Dorsal scapular nerve (C5) innervates: Levator scapulae, the rhomboid major, and the rhomboid minor Long thoracic nerve (C5, 6 and 7) innervates: Serratus anterior muscle UPPER TRUNK: Subclavius nerve (C5 and 6) supplies the subclavius muscle Suprascapular nerve (supplies the supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles)  DIVISIONS Each trunk divides into anterior and posterior divisions Each trunk divides into anterior and Posterior divisions CORDS  Terminal branches cords divisions trunks roots c5 anterior superior lateral c6 posterior posterior middle c7 c8 medial anterior inferior T1 Lateral cord: Medial cord: Posterior cord: Musculocutaneous nerve (1) Ulnar nerve (4) Upper subscapular nerve (9) Lateral root of median nerve Medial root of median nerve (5) Lower subscapular nerve (10) (2) Medial pectoral nerve (6) Middle subscapular nerve = Lateral pectoral nerve (3) Medial cutaneous nerve of the Nerve to latissimus dorsi = arm(7) thoraco dorsal (11) MLL Medial cutaneous nerve of the Axillary nerve (12) forearm(8) Radial nerve (13) UMMMM ULMAR