Week 6 Oral Health & Prevention PDF

Week 6 Oral Health & Prevention MDA CHAPTER 15 Recall questions: 1. What are the three factors necessary for the formation of dental Caries? the three factors necessary from the formation of dental caries are bacteria,...

Week 6 Oral Health & Prevention MDA CHAPTER 15 Recall questions: 1. What are the three factors necessary for the formation of dental Caries? the three factors necessary from the formation of dental caries are bacteria, fermentable carbohydrates, and a susceptible tooth 2. What two types of bacteria primarily cause dental caries? The two specific groups of bacteria in the mouth that are responsible for caries are the mutans streptococci (MS) (Streptococcus mutans) and the lactobacilli (LB). MS is a major pathogenic (disease-producing) bacteria, found in relatively large numbers in dental plaque. 3. What is the soft, sticky bacterial mass that adheres to the teeth? Oral biofilm (also known as plaque, dental plaque biofilm, or microbial biofilm) is a colorless, soft, sticky coating made up of communities of microorganisms that adhere to tooth surfaces, dental appliances, restorations of the teeth, the oral mucosa, the tongue, and alveolar bone. 4. What is the mineral in the enamel that makes the tooth structure easier to dissolve? Carbonated apatite, a mineral in enamel, makes it easier for the tooth structure to dissolve. 5. Where do carious lesions tend to occur? 1. Pit-and-fissure caries occurs primarily on occlusal surfaces, buccal and lingual grooves of posterior teeth, and lingual pits of the maxillary incisors. 2. Smooth surface caries occurs on the mesial, distal, facial and lingual surfaces of enamel. 3. Root surface caries occur on any surface of the exposed root. 4. Secondary caries, or recurrent caries, occurs on the tooth that surrounds a restoration. 6. What is the term for the release of calcium and phosphate from the Tooth? Demineralization occurs when calcium and phosphate dissolve from hydroxyapatite crystals in the enamel. 7. What is the term for fast and extensive formation of caries? At times, the onset of the incipient lesion is followed rapidly by the development of cavitation, with multiple lesions throughout the mouth. This condition is known as rampant caries 8. What is the term for caries that occurs under or adjacent to existing dental restorations? Recurrent carries 9. Why are exposed root surfaces more susceptible to caries than Enamel? The cementum covering root surfaces is more susceptible to caries than enamel because it has less mineral content and is more soluble and therefore more susceptible to caries. 10. What three protective mechanisms are produced by saliva? The physical protection is dependent on the water content in the saliva and the amount or flow of saliva. The chemical protection provided by saliva is especially important because saliva contains calcium, phosphate, and fluoride. The antibacterial protection provided by saliva depends on substances found within the saliva, such as immunoglobulins, that work against bacteria.  Dental Carries Interactive Vid 1. Which of the following is true of dental caries? It is a communicable bacterial disease 2. Which of the following group(s) of bacteria are responsible for dental caries? Mutans streptococci and lactobacilli 3. The three factors required for the development of caries are a susceptible tooth, specific bacterial and __________ fermentable carbohydrates 4. Demineralization is repaired by cooked starch, such as bread, potatoes, rice and pasta. False 5. Which of the following types of caries occurs primarily on occlusal surfaces? Pit and fissure 6. Demineralization occurs when calcium and phosphate dissolve from __________ in the enamel. Hydroxyapetite 7. Incipient caries is the __________ stage of development of a carious lesion. First 8. Which of the following is the most prevalent disease of childhood? Early Childhood Carries 9. The __________ protection of saliva is dependent on the water content in the saliva and the amount or flow of saliva. Physical 10. Which is not true of laser caries detector readings? The laser caries detector is useful for locating subgingival caries. 11. What does the “M” in CAMBRA stand for? Management 12. Which of the following are examples of caries risk assessment tests? Saliva flow rate and bacterial testing