Week 6 CRM 322 Ethics in Criminal Justice 2024F PDF

CRM 322 Ethics in Criminal Justice Week 6: Announcements and Mid-term Review Agenda Award Announcements Mid-term Review 2 Award Announcements 3 Criminology Awards The Zonta Award - $2,758.60 to each recipient (two students will be awarded) T...

CRM 322 Ethics in Criminal Justice Week 6: Announcements and Mid-term Review Agenda Award Announcements Mid-term Review 2 Award Announcements 3 Criminology Awards The Zonta Award - $2,758.60 to each recipient (two students will be awarded) The Second Chance Award - $3,842.45 to each recipient (two students will be awarded) Apply via the Award Spring portal Deadline: 31 October, 2024 4 Mid-term review 5 Mid-term format Duration: 2 hours 10 multiple choice questions 3 or 4 short answer questions 1 long answer question 6 Week 1 Review Ethics: A branch of philosophy concerned with study of questions of right and wrong and how we ought to live/act Why study ethics? (see “The Value of Ethics” under Chapter 1) Ethics v. Law: Both are distinct but ethics standards are reflected in law Ethical Dilemma: A situation where a decision must be made that involves conflict at personal, interpersonal, institutional, or societal level, or raises issues of right or moral character Ethical Issues in Criminal Justice? (see this topic under Chapter 1) 7 Week 2 Review Police ethics are shaped by the nature of policing, the police as an institution, and police culture Police culture: “accepted practices, rules and principles of conduct that are situationally applied, and generalized rationales and belief” (Manning, 1989) Secrecy is endemic to police culture; aspects include: violence, deception, loyalty Ethical standards circumscribe police discretion; Code of ethics serve to regulate professional standards of policing for protecting the public What is the relationship between Ethics and Code of Ethics? (see topic under Ch. 2) Racial profiling occurs when the police use racial characteristics as indicators of possible criminal activity 8 Week 2 Review (2) Police has social authority to use force, but it should be last resort Police use of force is rampant esp. against Black, Indigenous, other racialized people What constitutes excessive force is unclear No single or simple explanation for use of force; three prevailing theories: Psychological theories: “rotten apple” argument Sociological theories: police culture Organizational theories: function and systems of police Why is the R v. Le decision significant? 9 Week 3/4 Review What is “race”? What is racism? In the criminal justice system, we pay special attention to institutional racism (aka petit apartheid): formal and informal interactions between the criminal justice system and racialized people that may lead to them entering the system disproportionately Explanations for racial discrimination in CJ Conflict theory: police represent interests of ruling class Symbolic aspect of crime control: perceptions of threat – not actual threat Policies that target racialized groups: e.g. War on Drugs, Crimmigration, etc. What is the significance of the Shaw v Phipps decision? 10 Week 3/4 Review: Deontological Ethics v. Utilitarianism v. Virtue Ethics Deontological Ethics Utilitarianism Virtue Ethics Goals of ethical Do moral duty Seek the greatest total A good life achieved by behaviour (Ask: what ought I to happiness/utility pursuing virtuous behaviour do/how should I act?) (Ask: what will be the impact (Ask: what kind of person of what I do) see here should I be) see here Means of becoming Using the categorical Maximize pleasure, Practicing virtues ethical imperative as a principle of minimize pain (principle of morality utility) Judging ethical Assess actions against Make ethical decisions by Ask how will I be good in conduct respect for human dignity, weighing benefits and harms this situation? Which ethical not treating people as a of consequences of an option would allow me to means to an end, and action towards yourself and apply and practice virtues to principle of universality towards others equally and become a person of good impartially character? Consequences of actions do not bear on moral Duty and motivation behind worthiness and personal an action are not relevant Person’s character/virtue inclinations have no moral matters over duty and 11 value consequences Week 5 Review What is settler colonialism? What are some laws and policies through which the government of Canada continues to govern the life of Indigenous peoples? Why are Indigenous rights NOT like any other minority rights? How does this have bearing on relations between police and Indigenous peoples? How does criminal justice create impediments/barriers to Indigenous self-determination and reconciliation? 12 Week 5 Review: Multiple choice 1. The Charter of Rights and Freedoms enshrines Indigenous and treaty rights. True or False? 2. Which of the following tools of governance adversely impacts Indigenous peoples? a. The Indian Act b. The Criminal Code c. Numbered Treaties d. All of the Above (Answers under slide notes) 13 Class Exercise 1: Case at the end of Ch 12 Individually: (15 minutes) Read the case Answer the question: What should Officer Colon do if he uses a Deontological Ethics framework? In groups of 2-3: (8-10 minutes) Discuss and calibrate your answer Share with class (10 minutes) 14 Class Exercise 2: Case at the end of Ch 12 In a group: (15 minutes) What should Officer Colon do if he uses a Virtue Ethics framework? Share with class (10 minutes) 15