Jaipur Foot - Week 1 PDF

1. The course is about design, technology, and innovation. It aims to explore how these three areas can be combined to create innovative solutions. 2. The Jaipur foot is used as a case study. It’s a prosthesis, which is an artificial device that replaces a missing body part. 3. The Jaipur foot was c...

1. The course is about design, technology, and innovation. It aims to explore how these three areas can be combined to create innovative solutions. 2. The Jaipur foot is used as a case study. It’s a prosthesis, which is an artificial device that replaces a missing body part. 3. The Jaipur foot was created by a craftsman, Ram C Sharma, and an orthopaedic surgeon, Dr. P K Sethi. Sharma was inspired by the strength of a bicycle tire and started building wooden mock-ups. 4. The Jaipur foot has three major components: the prosthetic foot, the knee joint (for above-the-knee amputations), and a socket and shank to fit the thigh areas. 5. The project started in 1969 but initially did not scale up. It was only producing around 10 or 20 prostheses for patients who had lost their limbs. 6. The scaling up of the Jaipur foot was done by Dr. Mehta, an IAS officer. He transformed it from a hospital project into a society, providing the Jaipur foot free of cost. 7. The Jaipur foot became popular after a dancer from Andhra Pradesh performed in a movie called Nache Mayuri using it. 8. The people who generally get amputated are farm labourers, truck drivers, and salt pan workers. Salt pan workers can get infections from cuts or wounds on their legs while working on the sand, which can lead to gangrene and the need for amputation. 9. Amputations are common in certain occupations such as salt pan workers, those who operate heavy machinery, and truck drivers due to accidents. 10.The Bhagwan Mahaveer Viklang Sahayata Samiti (BMVSS) provides the Jaipur foot prosthesis to patients, who can walk back the same day they receive it. 11.The vision of BMVSS is to provide physical, economical, and social rehabilitation. They cater to extremely poor individuals, many of whom are illiterate and have been out of work due to their disability. 12.The design of the Jaipur foot needs to be tailored to suit the needs of the people it serves. It’s not just about addressing the physical disability, but also considering their economic and social circumstances. 13.Dr. Abdul Kalam, a senior scientist at the Défense Metallurgical Research Laboratory (DMRL), proposed using advanced materials to improve the Jaipur foot. However, the resulting prosthesis was too expensive. 14.D R Mehta, an IAS officer, preferred to fit more people with the more affordable Jaipur foot, arguing that it would save more lives. 15.The design and manufacturing process of the Jaipur foot takes into account various factors such as cost, customization, delivery, mechanism, and deployment. The focus is on the end-user and their specific needs. 16.There is a video showing the manufacturing process of the Jaipur foot at the centre in Jaipur. 17.The process of creating the Jaipur foot involves using a plaster cast to get the exact mapping of the stump, making a knee cast, and using the process of plastic forming. 18.The foot parts are made from polyethylene pipes which are heated to become malleable and mouldable. Small plastic parts are put together, bound by rubber, and then put into a vulcanizing machine. 19.Once the foot piece is ready, it is fitted onto a human body and the person can go home with the leg the same day. This is possible because the BMVSS has planned to keep all the parts ready and has manpower ready to handle large numbers of people. 20.The Jaipur foot prosthesis is better than imported prostheses in multiple ways. It costs two thousand rupees, which is cheaper than prostheses from Germany’s Ottobock or the American prosthesis. 21.The Jaipur foot is customized for the person. International prostheses come in sizes (Small, Medium, Large, XL) and may not fit exactly to the size of the person’s stump, which can cause sores on the stump. 22.The design of the Jaipur foot brings all the people together, rather than sending the prosthesis to various locations. This is a reverse of an international supply chain activity. 23.The customized part of the Jaipur foot is the stump, while the foot parts are readily available, and the pipes are formed as per the heights of the people. 24.The Jaipur foot is the most widely used prosthesis today. In performance, it is closer to the natural foot than a standard prosthesis. With a standard prosthesis, you cannot bend your leg. 25.The leg prosthesis is customized and offers better fitting than imported ones. 26.It is designed to be resistant to harsh conditions, such as working in a salt pan lake, due to its sealed, rubberized silicone bottom and chemicalresistant polyethylene top. 27.The prosthesis allows users to work in various environments like agricultural fields and paddy fields without any issues. 28.It is designed to match cultural requirements, such as going barefoot, sitting on the floor, and visiting temples. 29.The costs were drastically reduced due to large-scale production. 30.The project received donations from many people and organizations, including the Minister of Welfare Government. 31.The organization aimed to remove three disabilities in the best possible way. 32.They considered the financial struggles of the patients and provided rehabilitation by giving them cycle rickshaws, job training, sewing machines, and tea shop kits. 33.The organization worked with the Jaipur foot to manufacture cycle rickshaws. 34.The organization has been working with large institutes and companies like IITs for the last 10 years. 35.They have set up some of the best gait labs at Jaipur in the centre for prosthesis and orthotics. 36.People have donated heavily for the study of various aspects of below the knee and above the knee prosthesis. 37.The project gained visibility and started using more technology due to visits from philanthropists like Ratan Tata and the US Secretary of State commerce: John Brass.