Week 1_ Learning Objectives.pdf

Week 1 : Learning Objectives Review characteristics+ components of...

Week 1 : Learning Objectives Review characteristics+ components of cells + tissues Multicellular I - · membranes · nucleus Organism · - endoplasmic reticulum cytoplasmic organelles movement , conductivity , · cytoskeleton · metabolicabsorption secretion , Golgi Complex · , · peroxisomes excretion respiration lysosomes · , , · mitochondria reproduction , communication Review the cycle cell , exocytosis , "cell signalling/communication - ↓ - 1. Direct link up 1. Hormonal : thru blood How the cell replicates : Active Transport :. 2 Gap Junctions Interphase (6 5 62) longest phase Paracrine actives neighbor. 2 : moves large molecules · out Neurohormonal/ ,, ,. 3 cells · Mitosis (cell divides) (somatic) of cells cytoplasm to Neurotransmitters. Autocrine 3 : targets itself & 2 daughter cells extracellular space prophase metaphase , ,.. 4 Neuvohormone anaphase telophase , , · helps to maintain balance. 5 Neurotransmitter cytokinesis of plasma membrane Meiosis: cells /gametes) Body Application used in pancreas · sex : 4 sex cells to secrete digestive enzymes such as cancer insulin glucagon ! + DNA damage ↑ · sell Describe common alterations due to adaptation , Injury , onmentgrowa peopl disease, hypoxia + ischemia ↓ ↳ premove ↓ I Supae Stimulus loss of reversea gradual ↓ decreased blood flow hypoxia due ↓ to irreversible ↓ or function with natural aging process + Affect function production decreased on of blood cells or cell death + in cells + tissues lack of blood flow · tissue damage * may need medications , highest cause of surgery bone marrow · · physical , chemical, , transplants or blood ↳ cell injury or lacking vital transfusions substrates greatly reduces cellular energy production , metabolism , + protein Synthesis Hypertropyis Metaplasia perplasia cell size increases reversible * cell type replacement Compare + contrast necrosis apoptosis autophagy as forms of cell death · Coagulative Necrosis. Accidental cell death programmed cell death cell eats itself · firm swollen inflammation , > messy neat · - · protein denaturation · survival mechanism · · vascular diseases · errors in cell cycle · Liquefactive soft Necrosis · nerve damage/ trauma ↳ starvation liquid-like * Mitochondrial · , * Death · infection Intrinsic Receptor Gangrene Necrosis · · cell digested by enzyme Pathway Extrinsic · Caseous Necrosis Fat Necrosis · · severe hypoxia Pathway · dry wet , + gas caused by , coagulative + · · liquefactive lipases "clumped cheese" chalky/white Review Central Dogma of Molecular Biology Findi Replication 11/11 Common Terms used in Clinical Genetics Genomics Phenotype physical · function : manifestation : of + analysis of human study structure , , genome · Pharmacogenomics : how genes influence response to medication Genotype genetic makeup : Epigenomics · : study the chemical compounds that tell a genome when where to be expressed Epigenetics · : external modification of DNA affecting gene expression · Gene LOCUS : physical location of specific gene on a chromosome (region , chromosome , long (9) , Short (p)