The Brief History of Paper PDF

WEEK 1 The (brief) history of paper Laurence Pilon Print and web production processes Dawson college Last updated: fall 2021 What is paper? The word “paper” is derived from the name of the cyperus papyrus (that plant.grows the most in Egypt aro...

WEEK 1 The (brief) history of paper Laurence Pilon Print and web production processes Dawson college Last updated: fall 2021 What is paper? The word “paper” is derived from the name of the cyperus papyrus (that plant.grows the most in Egypt around the Nile which is the biggest river there). Paper is made from wood pulp or other fibrous material, usually manufactured in thin sheets, used for writing , drawing , or printing on , or as wrapping material. Source : https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/foliage/papyrus/papyrus-plants.htm Print and web production processes | Dawson College F2021 | Laurence Pilon 2 The invention of paper ‘The invention of paper revolutionized society. We use paper to create newspaper , books , packaging , papernotes (banknotes, money) ; even if we don’t always notice it, it’s an integral part of our everyday lives’ (The Journal shop 2017). Source : https://unsplash.com/photos/Mwuod2cm8g4 Print and web production processes | Dawson College F2021 | Laurence Pilon 3 Primitive writing materials ‘Writing was established long before the invention of paper, so humans had to find materials to either carve into or apply ink onto’ (The Journal shop 2017). These were usually heavy and expensive. 3000 BC Mesopotemia Cuneiform tablet Print and web production processes | Dawson College F2021 | Laurence Pilon 4 Primitive writing materials ‘Writing was established long before the invention of paper, so humans had to find materials to either carve into or apply ink onto’ (The Journal shop 2017). These were usually heavy and expensive. 3000 BC 3000 BC Mesopotemia EGYPT, GREECE, ITALY Cuneiform tablet Papyrus Print and web production processes | Dawson College F2021 | Laurence Pilon 5 Primitive writing materials ‘Writing was established long before the invention of paper, so humans had to find materials to either carve into or apply ink onto’ (The Journal shop 2017). These were usually heavy and expensive. 3000 BC 3000 BC 1500 BC Mesopotemia EGYPT, GREECE, ITALY CHINA Cuneiform tablet Papyrus Bamboo slips Print and web production processes | Dawson College F2021 | Laurence Pilon 6 Primitive writing materials ‘Writing was established long before the invention of paper, so humans had to find materials to either carve into or apply ink onto’ (The Journal shop 2017). 200 BC MEDITERRANEAN REGION, TURKEY Parchment Print and web production processes | Dawson College F2021 | Laurence Pilon 7 Primitive writing materials ‘Writing was established long before the invention of paper, so humans had to find materials to either carve into or apply ink onto’ (The Journal shop 2017). Oldest paper book, composed of six different materials. 200 BC 105AD MEDITERRANEAN REGION, TURKEY CHINA Parchment Paper Print and web production processes | Dawson College F2021 | Laurence Pilon 8 China’s standardized paper 105 AD ‘Chinese tradition attributes one of the most wide-reaching of inventions to a eunuch at the imperial court, by the name of Cai Lun, in the year 105 AD. Paper first produced in China is made from rags fibers , mulberry , laurel , chinese grass and water. ‘A craftswoman checks a piece of mulberry-bark paper in Moyu County of Hotan, northwest China’s Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Nov. 1, 2020. Mulberry-bark paper making, a craft of over 1,300 years of history, is listed as a Chinese national intangible cultural heritage. The paper boasts a quality of being antiseptic, absorbent and tensile’ (Source). Print and web production processes | Dawson College F2021 | Laurence Pilon 9 Ancient paper-making techniques Print and web production processes | Dawson College F2021 | Laurence Pilon 10 Slow journey westwards... 1 105 AD CHINA First recorded manufacture of paper Print and web production processes | Dawson College F2021 | Laurence Pilon 11 Slow journey westwards... 2 751 AD CENTRAL ASIA Arabs defeat General Kao-Sin 1 105 AD CHINA First recorded manufacture of paper Print and web production processes | Dawson College F2021 | Laurence Pilon 12 Slow journey westwards... 2 751 AD CENTRAL ASIA Arabs defeat General Kao-Sin 3 760 AD SOUTHEASTERN UZBEKISTAN 1 Paper factory opens 105 AD 4 CHINA 795 AD First recorded IRAK manufacture of paper Paper factory opens Print and web production processes | Dawson College F2021 | Laurence Pilon 13 Slow journey westwards... 2 751 AD CENTRAL ASIA Arabs defeat General Kao-Sin 3 760 AD SOUTHEASTERN UZBEKISTAN 1 Paper factory opens 105 AD 5 4 CHINA 795 AD First recorded 878 AD manufacture of paper EGYPT IRAK Earliest manuscript Paper factory opens written on paper in Egypt Print and web production processes | Dawson College F2021 | Laurence Pilon 14 Slow journey westwards... 2 751 AD 6 CENTRAL ASIA Arabs defeat General Kao-Sin 1270 FRANCE Papermaking technology crosses Pyrenees mountains 3 760 AD SOUTHEASTERN UZBEKISTAN 1 Paper factory opens 105 AD 5 4 CHINA 795 AD First recorded 878 AD manufacture of paper EGYPT IRAK Earliest manuscript Paper factory opens written on paper in Egypt Print and web production processes | Dawson College F2021 | Laurence Pilon 15 Slow journey westwards... 9 1495 ENGLAND First paper mill opens in England 8 1390 GERMANY First paper mill opens in Germany 2 751 AD 6 CENTRAL ASIA 7 Arabs defeat General Kao-Sin 1270 FRANCE Papermaking technology 1276 ITALY crosses Pyrenees mountains First paper mill 3 established in Italy 760 AD SOUTHEASTERN UZBEKISTAN 1 Paper factory opens 105 AD 5 4 CHINA 795 AD First recorded 878 AD manufacture of paper EGYPT IRAK Earliest manuscript Paper factory opens written on paper in Egypt Print and web production processes | Dawson College F2021 | Laurence Pilon 16 Papermaking advancements ‘The Europeans’ papermaking technology significantly advanced throughout the 17–18th centuries. More mechanical solutions were being introduced to replace hand and manual labor. 1799 1785 Around 1800 First machine to produce ‘continuous Discoveries about chlorine and its Shortage in cotton rags , the paper’, which became the blueprint bleaching properties lead to the key material in the refined European of the fourdrinier machine, creation of... white paper paper-making process the basis for modern papermaking. ! Print and web production processes | Dawson College F2021 | Laurence Pilon 17 Papermaking advancements ‘The Europeans’ papermaking technology significantly advanced throughout the 17–18th centuries. More mechanical solutions were being introduced to replace hand and manual labor. 1843 1854 Industrialization First wood-grinding machine Chemical pulping ‘A pulp and paper mill in New Brunswick, Canada. Although pulp and to produce ground wood pulp, paper manufacturing requires large amounts of energy, a portion of it comes from burning wood residue (Source)’. ideal for papermaking Print and web production processes | Dawson College F2021 | Laurence Pilon 18 Papermaking advancements ‘The Europeans’ papermaking technology significantly advanced throughout the 17–18th centuries. More mechanical solutions were being introduced to replace hand and manual labor. Today Print and web production processes | Dawson College F2021 | Laurence Pilon 19 Contemporary environmental concerns ‘With the contemporary environmental concerns, paper companies are becoming increasingly aware about their impacts. New technology is being developed and invested in to reduce energy consumption from paper mills and generate biofuels’ (The journal shop 2017). Source : https://www.thejournalshop.com/thejournal/history-of-paper/ Print and web production processes | Dawson College F2021 | Laurence Pilon 20 Sources Bellis, M. 2017. ‘History of papermaking’. ThoughtCo. (Accessed 17 August 2018). British library. 2015. ‘Making Islamic-style paper.’ Collection care blog. (Accessed 17 August 2018). Dictionary.com. ‘Paper’. (Accessed 17 August 2018). Fuller, N. B. 2002. ‘A brief history of paper’. (Accessed 17 August 2018). History of paper. 2018. ‘Timeline of paper and papermaking’. (Accessed 17 August 2018). Journal shop (The). 2017. ‘The history of paper.’ (Accessed 16 August 2018). Kist, M. N. 2015. ‘Medieval papermaking and printing’. Going medieval. (Accessed 17 August 2018). National archives. 2016. ‘Differences between parchment, vellum and paper.’ (Accessed 17 August 2018). Print and web production processes | Dawson College F2021 | Laurence Pilon 21 Image sources p. 4 p. 17 Source : https://history2701.fandom.com/wiki/Beer_Allocation_ Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paper_machine#/media/ Clay_Cuneiform_Tablet_from_Southern_Iraq File:Papermaking_machine_at_a_paper_mill_near_Pensacola.jpg Source : https://nvtodorova.wordpress.com/tag/demotic/ Source: https://www.rollandinc.com/ Source : https://nvtodorova.wordpress.com/tag/demotic/ Source: https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/top-cotton- p. 5 producing-countries-in-the-world.html Source : https://www.thejournalshop.com/thejournal/history-of- p. 18 paper/ Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friedrich_Gottlob_Keller#/ Image: Oldest paper book, composed of six different materials. media/File:FG_Keller's_original_grinding_machine_-_Museum_ (Germany).jpg Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_paper#/media/ File:Paperbook+256.jpg Source: https://www.graymont.com/en/markets/pulp-paper/ pulp-and-paper-mills p. 10 Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_effects_ Source : https://eldispensador.blogspot.com/2018/12/chinas- of_paper#/media/File:PulpAndPaperMill.jpg papermaking-antique-beauty-of.html p. 19 Source: https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2009/12/battery- made-paper#:~:text=Researchers%20are%20reporting%20 that%20they,incorporated%20into%20a%20flexible%20battery Print and web production processes | Dawson College F2021 | Laurence Pilon 22