VPT 61 Calcification C.pdf

Calcification ( Dystrophic and Metastatic )  Calcification Calcification is abnormal deposition of calcium salts in tissue other than bone Calcium is normally present in blood and deposited in bones. Calcium if deposited in an abnormal tissue with normal or...

Calcification ( Dystrophic and Metastatic )  Calcification Calcification is abnormal deposition of calcium salts in tissue other than bone Calcium is normally present in blood and deposited in bones. Calcium if deposited in an abnormal tissue with normal or abnormal blood calcium level is considered as pathological condition. Pathological calcifications are: 1. Metastatic calcification 2. Dystrophic calcification  Dystrophic Calcification deposition of calcium salts in soft tissues; not associated with any bone formation; allows the salts of calcium to precipitate Muscle has particular affinity for taking up calcium ( “white muscle disease”) Prominent in chronic destructive lesions eg. Tuberculosis and nodular worms in sheep Grossly: white Stains blue using HE stain; confused with bacteria Dystrophic Calcification Dystrophic Calcification  Metastatic Calcification Deposition of calcium occurs in soft tissue following increase in the blood calcium (Hypercalcaemia i.e..12 mg/dL) due to : Parathyroid tumors in which high levels of parathormone favours phosphate excretion through kidneys (hyperphosphaturia), hypophosphataemia and withdrawal of calcium from bones. Primary and secondary bone tumors cause rarefaction of bone. Nutritional cause with high vitamin D intake resulting in increased absorption of calcium Renal disease with retention of phosphate, hypophophosphaturia, depression of calcium, parathyroid stimulation and hypercalcaemia. Metastatic Calcification Bovine, severe endocardial and aortic mineralization (metastatic) due to poisoning by ingestion of a plant containing a vitamin D-like compound. Metastatic Calcification Canine, parietal pleura, metastatic mineralization due to uremia & renal secondary hyperparathyroidism Metastatic Calcification Calcinosis- extensive metastatic calcification Microscopic: smooth, shiny blue through tiny stippling, dense, dark blue clamps