Vocabulary PDF - Pre-Intermediate German Word Lists

PRE-INTERMEDIATE WORD LISTS German Unit 1 p9 POS Pronunciation Definition Collocates Examples...

PRE-INTERMEDIATE WORD LISTS German Unit 1 p9 POS Pronunciation Definition Collocates Examples Word family chat Verb /tʃæt/ plaudern if you chat, you talk to someone in a friendly and informal way chat to someone it was nice to see people and chat at the party | they chat on social Noun: chat | Adjective: media | we chatted for a while before his train arrived | she spent chatty the journey chatting to her aunt on the phone clubbing Noun /ˈklʌbɪŋ/ ausgehen if you go clubbing, you go to a nightclub to dance and have fun go clubbing I go clubbing every Saturday night | you're too young to go clubbing | he was out clubbing all night countryside Noun /ˈkʌntriˌsaɪd/ die Natur, die Landschaft countryside is land that is not in a city or town and where there open countryside | unspoilt some beautiful open countryside (countryside where you can see are not many buildings countryside | in the things like rivers and trees and not buildings or roads) | we sat on the countryside train watching the countryside go by | I prefer living in the countryside | we went for a walk through some lovely unspoilt countryside (countryside that has not been damaged by roads or buildings) cycle Verb /ˈsaɪk(ə)l/ Rad fahren if you cycle somewhere, you go there riding on a bicycle I like to cycle through the countryside | we cycled along the bike lane Noun: cyclist | I cycle to school every day | he cycles to work, even when it rains | I used to drive to work, but now I cycle | we cycled 300 kilometres in four days jogging Noun /ˈdʒɒɡɪŋ/ das Jogging jogging is the activity of getting exercise by running, but not go jogging I go jogging with my sister every morning | I'm going to start jogging very fast regularly after Christmas | jogging will help you get fit musical instrument Noun /ˈmjuːzɪkəl ˈɪnstrʊmənt/ das Musikinstrument a musical instrument is something such as a guitar, violin or I wish I could play a musical instrument | a shop that sells all sorts of piano that can make musical sounds musical instruments | how many musical instruments can you play? play Verb /pleɪ/ (ein Musikinstrument) spielen if you can play a musical instrument, you are able to make I'm learning to play the piano | can you play the guitar? | she can Noun: player music on it play several instruments social media Noun /ˈsəʊʃəl ˈmɛdɪə/ die Social Media social media is apps such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, etc., we chat on social media every day | my dad doesn't do social media which people use to share pictures and send messages to each (doesn't use it) | social media is very useful for keeping in touch other walk Noun /wɔːk/ der Spaziergang if you go for a walk, you go outside and walk somewhere for go for a walk | a long walk we went for a long walk in the country | let's go for a walk | did you pleasure have a nice walk? | the weather is perfect for a walk pp 10-11 POS Pronunciation Definition Collocates Examples Word family asleep Adjective /əˈsliːp/ schlafen(d) if you are asleep, you are sleeping fall asleep | fast asleep she fell asleep (started being asleep) in front of the TV | he's asleep upstairs | don't wake the baby – he's asleep | he was fast asleep (very asleep) in bed | I'm half asleep (very tired) board game Noun /bɔːd geɪm/ das Brettspiel a board game is an indoor game that you play using a board, it was raining, so we played board games all afternoon | my moving pieces around on it according to the numbers that are favourite board game is Monopoly | it can take hours to finish a shown when you throw a dice (a small cube with the numbers board game one to six on each side) break Noun /breɪk/ die Pause when you are at work or doing a task, a break is a time when a lunch/tea/coffee break | I haven't got time to take a break | I usually take a break at about 11 Verb: break you stop working and relax for a short while before starting to a short/long break | take a | I worked from 8 till 4 without a break | that was a long break | I work again break | be on your break had to go to the bank during my lunch break | a ten minute break | he's on his break at the moment check Verb /tʃek/ kontrollieren, überprüfen if you check something, you look at it to see if anything has check something for he checked his phone for messages before the meeting started | I changed about it or to make sure that it is still in good condition something check my emails on the train going to work | you should check the weather forecast before you set off | check the website to make sure the plane is still on time eat out Phrasal verb /iːt aʊt/ auswärts essen if you eat out, you go to a restaurant to have a meal instead of we eat out once or twice a week | I can't afford to eat out | eating eating at home out in restaurants is very expensive | let's eat out tonight exercise Noun /ˈeksə(r)saɪz/ die Bewegung exercise is activity that you do with your body to help you stay do exercise | get exercise you need to do more exercise | I don't get enough exercise | if you Verb: exercise fit and healthy don't get enough exercise, you'll get ill | I play football on Sundays for the exercise | swimming is good exercise get home Phrase /gɛt həʊm/ nach Hause kommen when you get home, you arrive back to where you live I got home late last night | what time do you usually get home from school? | I want to get home before it's dark get up Phrasal verb /gɛt ʌp/ aufstehen when you get up, you get out of bed after you have finished I usually get up about 8 | what time do you get up? | I got up late sleeping this morning | she got up at 6:30 | I hate getting up in the dark in winter | we get up late at weekends | I've got to get up early tomorrow hours Noun plural /ˈaʊə(r)z/ die Arbeitszeit your hours are the number of hours you have to spend at work work long hours workers are demanding higher wages and shorter working hours | every day or every week I've been working very long hours this week | my hours are 9 till 5 often Adverb /ˈɒf(ə)n/ häufig, oft if something happens often, it happens regularly or on many I often wake up at seven | we often go to the theatre in Guildford | occasions do you often feel tired? | how often do you go to the cinema? once or twice Phrase /wʌns ɔː twaɪs/ ein- oder zweimal if you do something once or twice, you do it a very small I visit my grandparents once or twice a year | he came to see us once number of times, but the exact number of times is not or twice last year | yes, I met her once or twice in Sheffield | turn the important fish over once or twice while it's cooking play Verb /pleɪ/ spielen if you play a game or a sport, you take part in it shall we play cards? | we played football all afternoon | I'm learning to play tennis | it was raining, so we played board games all afternoon stay up Phrasal verb /steɪ ʌp/ aufbleiben if you stay up, you stay awake for longer than usual and go to stay up late I sometimes stay up late to finish my homework | we stayed up till 3 bed later than you usually do o'clock to watch the football from Japan | I often used to stay up all night when I was at university | I had to stay up until Andy came home because he didn't have a key stressed Adjective /strest/ angespannt, gestresst if you are stressed, you are very worried about something and I'm feeling very stressed about the new job | I got really stressed Noun: stress cannot relax before my driving test | you look stressed – why don't you have a day off? tired Adjective /ˈtaɪə(r)d/ müde if you are tired, you want to sleep because you have done a lot feel tired I've been feeling tired all day | it was hard work, but I don't feel tired Adjective: tiring of activity yet | all that running made me tired | try to get some sleep if you're tired | he looks tired TV Noun /ˌtiː ˈviː/ der Fernseher a TV is a television – a machine that shows moving pictures watch TV | be on TV I like watching TV | a TV set | what's on TV tonight? | a TV along with sounds, especially of programmes that are specially programme | watching sport on TV | we've got three TVs in the made house two or three times Phrase /tuː ɔː θriː taɪmz/ zwei- oder dreimal if something happens two or three times, it happens perhaps she wakes up two or three times in the night | I tried ringing you two twice or three times but not more often than that, and the or three times, but your phone always went to voicemail | I've only exact number is not really important used it two or three times | I go back to Prague two or three times a year usually Adverb /ˈjuːʒʊəli/ für gewöhnlich, normalerweise if something usually happens, it happens most times when it is she's usually late for work | I usually visit my gran on Sundays | they possible for it to happen usually go to school by bus wake up Phrasal verb /weɪk ʌp/ aufwachen if you wake up, you stop being asleep and become awake. If wake up early/late I woke up early and went for a walk | the baby often wakes up during Adjective: awake you wake someone up, you make them stop sleeping and the night | she woke up at six in the morning | I usually wake up become awake before the alarm clock goes off | can you wake me up at seven? | don't make a noise – I don't want the baby to wake up pp 12-13 POS Pronunciation Definition Collocates Examples Word family active life Noun /ˈæktɪv laɪf/ aktives Leben an active life involves regular exercise that helps someone stay lead an active life my parents have led very active lives | your dog should be living a fit and healthy more active life beyond Preposition /bɪˈjɒnd/ darüber hinaus (im Sinne von beyond a certain age means older than that age. For example, if very few people live beyond the age of 100 „überschreiten“) someone lives beyond the age of 80, they are older than 80 card Noun /kɑː(r)d/ die Karte a card or a playing card is a small piece of cardboard that has play cards | a pack/deck of do you like playing card games? | let's have a game of cards | he numbers or pictures on it, used for playing games. A pack of cards | deal the cards always cheats when he plays cards | it's your turn to deal the cards cards usually has 52 cards in it. If you play cards, you play a (give them out to the players at the start of the game) | shuffle the game using a pack of cards cards first (mix them up so that no one knows what order they are in) catch Verb /kæʧ/ fangen if you catch fish or other animals, you succeed in getting them he didn't catch a single fish all afternoon | Dad said he wanted to so that you can kill them and eat them catch a rabbit for tea do Verb /duː/ tun if you do something, you become involved in a particular I do a lot of exercise | I'm going to do some gardening this afternoon activity. Often, the real meaning is in the name of the activity | who's going to do the dishes (wash them) | you should do your and do is a general word which just means 'carry out some homework before you have dinner action' explanation Noun /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/ die Erklärung an explanation is a statement that gives information about and one explanation is that the family is very important here | another Verb: explain reasons for something so that people can understand what it is explanation suggested the string was too weak | see the next or why it happened chapter for a full explanation | what is the explanation for your behaviour? | there's a scientific explanation for this explorer Noun /ɪkˈsplɔːrə(r)/ der/die Forscher/-in an explorer is someone who goes to places in order to find out Columbus, the explorer who discovered America, was Italian | the Verb: explore | Noun: about them, especially places that no one has been to before first European explorer came to New Zealand in 1642 | the island exploration was named by explorer James Cook | Spanish explorers arrived here in 1536 go Verb /ɡəʊ/ gehen if you go fishing, go swimming, go dancing, etc., you travel to a we're going shopping this afternoon | Dan's gone swimming, but place where you do that particular activity he'll be home soon | shall we go clubbing on Saturday? | I haven't been jogging for weeks good health Noun /gʊd hɛlθ/ wohlauf, bei guter Gesundheit if someone is in good health, they are fit and well and do not be in good health doing yoga will help keep you in good health | my grandfather has uncount have any illnesses always enjoyed good health | you should eat more fruit for good health hiking Noun /ˈhaɪkɪŋ/ das Wandern if you go hiking, you walk a long distance in the country for go hiking we went hiking in the mountains in Scotland | my hobbies are hiking Verb: hike | Noun: hiker pleasure and playing the piano | a hiking holiday karate Noun /kəˈrɑːti/ das Karate karate is a sport that started in Japan, in which two people fight do you prefer judo or karate? | his brother does karate on Tuesday each other using their hands and feet afternoons | she went to karate classes for several years lifestyle Noun /ˈlaɪfˌstaɪl/ der Lebensstil someone's lifestyle is the way they live, the things they do for a healthy lifestyle | a they're doing less exercise now because of their new lifestyle | we work and pleasure, the way they spend their money, etc. simple lifestyle | an active lived a simple lifestyle out in the country | his lifestyle hasn't changed lifestyle since he got his new job | our job is to encourage a healthy lifestyle for our customers nothing Pronoun /ˈnʌθɪŋ/ nichts if you do nothing, you do not do anything at all I spent the afternoon doing nothing | she went home because there was nothing to do at the office | you can't sit at home all day doing nothing surfing Noun /ˈsɜː(r)fɪŋ/ das Surfen surfing is the activity of standing on a flat board and riding on a it was too cold to go surfing | I did a lot of surfing in Cornwall last Noun: surfer wave in the sea as it comes onto a beach summer | this beach is good for surfing yoga Noun /ˈjəʊɡə/ das/der Yoga yoga is a system of exercises that help you control your she teaches yoga on Thursday evenings | I used to do yoga when I breathing and become fitter and more relaxed was at university | I feel a lot healthier since I started doing yoga pp 14-15 POS Pronunciation Definition Collocates Examples Word family better Adjective /ˈbetə(r)/ besser if you feel better, you feel well again after you have been ill, or feel better | get better I'll feel better after a cup of tea | don't come back to work until you start to feel happy and relaxed after you have been working you're feeling better | he said he felt much better after his holiday | hard or being in a difficult situation you won't get better unless you take the medicine feel Verb /fiːl/ fühlen if you feel like something or feel like doing something, you think feel like (doing) something I feel like an ice cream | she felt like shouting for joy | I always felt you want to do it now, although you might not always want to | feel that | feel better that table tennis wasn't a serious sport | her father felt that it would do it. If you feel that something is true, you believe it is true. If be disappointing if she didn't go to university | you'll feel better after you feel better, you are happier or healthier than you have a hot meal | drink this - it'll make you feel better | how do you feel been recently. What you feel about something are the ideas about nature? Does it interest you? and beliefs you have about it feel like Phrase /fiːl laɪk/ auf etw. Lust haben, das Gefühl if you feel like doing something, you want to do it. If you feel feel like (doing) something what do you feel like doing after a long day at work? | I feel like a haben like something, you want to have it sandwich (I want to eat a sandwich) | do you feel like going to the cinema tonight? lower Adjective /ˈləʊə(r)/ niedriger if something is getting lower, it is becoming smaller in number get lower the number of visitors is getting lower every year | the level of the or quantity water was getting lower physical health Noun /ˈfɪzɪkəl hɛlθ/ die körperliche Verfassung your physical health is the state of your body and whether you lack of exercise is having an effect on their physical health | he was are in good condition or not over 90 but his physical health was still good | she was in poor physical health relaxed Adjective /rɪˈlækst/ entspannt if you feel relaxed, you are calm and not worrying about work their contact with nature helped them feel more relaxed | everyone Verb: relax | Noun: or problems was relaxed and enjoyed the party | he looked relaxed and happy relaxation | Adjective: relaxing that Conjunction /ðæt/ dass you use that after some verbs to introduce something that do you feel that nature is good for us? | he didn't think that it was a describes what you are saying, thinking, or feeling good film | Terry said that he wanted to go home pp 16-17 POS Pronunciation Definition Collocates Examples Word family abbreviation Noun /əˌbriːviˈeɪʃ(ə)n/ die Abkürzung an abbreviation is a short way of writing something using just DOB Is an abbreviation for "date of birth" | his tweets are full of the first letter of each word, or the first few letters of a word abbreviations that I don't understand | the abbreviations are explained on page 60 address Noun /əˈdres/ die Adresse your address is the number of your house or flat and the name he asked for my address and telephone number | have I given you of the street and town where you live my new address since we moved house? | what's your address? backache Noun /ˈbækeɪk/ die Rückenschmerzen if you have a backache, your back hurts the bed was really uncomfortable and now I've got backache | I've had a really bad backache all day | I just wish this backache would go away contact details Noun plural /ˈkɒntækt ˈdiːteɪlz/ die Kontaktangaben your contact details are your address and telephone number can you give me your daytime contact details? (where you are during where someone can write to you or get in touch with you the day, for example at work) | I'm afraid I don't have any contact details for him | we will not give contact details of our employees to journalists cough Noun /kɒf/ der Husten if you have a cough, you cough a lot a bad cough he didn't go to school because he had a bad cough | I felt all right Verb: cough yesterday but I woke up with a cough this morning | she had a bad cough all last week cough sweet Noun /kɒf swiːt/ das Hustenbonbon a cough sweet is a small piece of food that contains a small a packet of cough sweets | these cough sweets taste horrible | amount of medicine that you suck (keep in your mouth for a lemon flavour cough sweets while) to help you stop coughing when you have a cough country of origin Noun /ˈkʌntri ɒv ˈɒrɪʤɪn/ das Herkunftsland your country of origin is the country where you were born I live in Germany, but my country of origin is Turkey | his country of origin is India, but he has a British passport | after twenty years in the US she decided to return to her country of origin dependent Noun /ˈdʒendə(r)/ der/die Familienangehörige your dependents are people like your children or elderly a married man with three dependents | how many dependents do Adjective: dependent parents who rely on you to provide their food, clothing and a you have? home earache Noun /ˈɪəreɪk/ die Ohrenschmerzen if you have earache, you feel pain in an ear or in both ears I always get an earache after I've been swimming | being outside in the cold wind gave him earache | my earache kept me awake all night emergency Noun /ɪˈmɜː(r)dʒ(ə)nsi/ der Notfall an emergency is a serious or dangerous situation that requires in case of emergency who should we contact in case of emergency? | call me on this immediate action number if there's an emergency fill in a form Phrase /fɪl ɪn ə fɔːm/ ein Formular ausfüllen if you fill in a form, you write information in spaces on a piece please fill in this form and return it to the hospital | I had to fill in a of paper or on a computer screen, for example your name, lot of forms to get my new passport address, credit card number, etc. gender Noun /ˈdʒendə(r)/ das Geschlecht on a form, where it says gender, you have to write male or female depending on whether you are a man or a woman headache Noun /ˈhedeɪk/ die Kopfschmerzen if you have a headache, your head hurts, for example because a splitting headache I had a headache so I stayed at home | I've got a splitting headache you are ill (an extremely painful one) | all that loud music gave me a headache | she took an aspirin for her headache (to make it better) | I get a headache if I drink coffee ill Adjective /ɪl/ krank if you are ill, you are not well and have a problem with your feel ill | be seriously ill I've been feeling ill all afternoon | I was too ill to go to school | he Noun: illness health was taken ill last night (he suddenly became ill) | she's still seriously ill (very ill) in hospital | he fell ill and died while he was on holiday marital status Noun /ˈmærɪtl ˈsteɪtəs/ der Familienstand your marital status is whether you are married or not married what is your marital status? | please inform us if there is a change in your marital status | your driving licence does not show your marital status medication Noun /ˌmedɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n/ das Medikament medication is the medicine that someone is taking because they take medication | be on are you on any medication? | is he taking any medication? | the are ill or to avoid becoming ill medication doctor recommended trying a different kind of medication medicine Noun /ˈmed(ə)s(ə)n/ die Medizin medicine is stuff that doctors give to people who are ill to make take medicine a bottle of medicine | he had to take his medicine every morning | them better the doctor gave me some medicine for my headaches | this medicine is very strong next of kin Noun /nɛkst ɒv kɪn/ der/die nächste Verwandte your next of kin is your closest relative, for example your police are still looking for the victim's next of kin | his mother was husband or wife if you are married, or your father or mother listed as his next of kin | the next of kin have been informed (the close relatives of someone who has just died have been told about it) occupation Noun /ˌɒkjʊˈpeɪʃ(ə)n/ der Beruf an occupation is a job. This word is used in forms and formal please supply your name, address and occupation | what is your writing occupation? operation Noun /ˌɒpəˈreɪʃ(ə)n/ die Operation if someone has an operation, doctors cut into their body in he had an operation on his knee | a minor operation (not very Verb: operate order to repair it or take something out serious) | she needed an emergency operation | a heart operation | the operation was successful pill Noun /pɪl/ die Pille/Tablette a pill is a small, solid piece of medicine that you swallow when the doctor gave me some pills for my cough | the pills are quite big, you are ill to make you better so break them in half before you try to swallow them | I have to take two pills in the morning and three in the evening | these pills will make you sleepy, so you shouldn't drive place of issue Noun /pleɪs ɒv ˈɪʃuː/ der Ausstellungsort on a passport, the place of issue refers to the particular place of issue: Passport Office, Peterborough passport office which was responsible for preparing the passport and sending it to you postcode Noun /ˈpəʊs(t)ˌkəʊd/ die Postleitzahl a postcode is a short series of numbers and letters at the end of I can never remember my postcode | all postcodes in Swansea begin someone's address to help a delivery person find the exact with the letters SA | the letter got here even though they didn't put building the postcode on the envelope qualifications Noun plural /ˌkwɒlɪfɪˈkeɪʃənz/ die Qualifikationen your qualifications are the exams you have passed and the do you have any qualifications? | he left school with no qualifications Verb: qualify | Adjective: courses of study you have successfully completed, for example | if you don't get any qualifications, you won't get a good job qualified at university runny nose Noun /ˈrʌni nəʊz/ die laufende Nase if you have a runny nose, your nose fills with liquid because you have you got a tissue? I've got a runny nose | she woke up with a are ill sore throat and a runny nose | I've got a runny nose and I've been coughing all day sick Adjective /sɪk/ krank, übel if you are sick, you are not well and food that you have eaten feel sick | be sick I need some fresh air – I feel a bit sick | that curry made me sick | I comes back out of your mouth think I'm going to be sick | you'll be sick if you eat any more ice cream sore throat Noun /sɔː θrəʊt/ die Halsschmerzen if you have a sore throat, your throat (area at the back of your I've got a really sore throat | she had a runny nose and a sore throat mouth and inside your neck) hurts | smoking will give you a sore throat spouse Noun /spaʊs/ der Ehepartner your spouse is your husband or wife employees could bring their spouses to the company party | friends and spouses were welcome | his spouse died a year ago stomach ache Noun /ˈstʌmək eɪk/ die Bauchschmerzen if you have a stomach ache, your stomach hurts you'll get stomach ache if you eat too quickly | chocolate always gives me a stomach ache | he didn't go to school because he had a bad stomach ache surgery Noun /ˈsɜː(r)dʒəri/ der chirurgische Eingriff surgery is a medical treatment that involves cutting into you may need further surgery | she had to have emergency surgery | someone's body in order to repair or take out a part that is heart surgery | brain surgery diseased or damaged surname Noun /ˈsɜː(r)ˌneɪm/ der Nachname your surname is the name that everyone in your family has what's your surname? | Elton John's real surname is Dwight | she changed her surname when she got married | Jones is a very common surname in Wales temperature Noun /ˈtemprɪtʃə(r)/ das Fieber if you have a temperature, your body is too hot because you have a temperature | a I've got a temperature and my whole body aches | he had a high are ill high temperature | take temperature so his mother kept him off school | I felt quite ill, but my someone's temperature temperature was 37, which was normal | when I took her temperature (measured it) it was 38.5 Unit 2 POS Pronunciation Definition Collocates Examples Word family p 21 championship Noun /ˈtʃæmpiənʃɪp/ die Meisterschaft a championship is an important sports event or competition in The Championship is being held in Hawaii this year | she won the Noun: champion which the winner becomes the champion school tennis championship | the first person to win both the British and American championship competitor Noun /kəmˈpetɪtə(r)/ der/die Gegner/-in a competitor is someone who is taking part in a sporting event competitors start by swimming 3.86 kilometres | the race had 35 Verb: compete | Noun: such as a race, a tennis match, etc. competitors taking part | four competitors failed to finish the race | competition | Adjective: competitors have to wear a number on their backs competitive race Noun /reɪs/ das Rennen a race is a sports event or competition in which you try to go a the 100 metres race | who do you think will win the race? | the race Verb: race certain distance faster than the other people in the will start at 2 o'clock competition, by running, on a bike, in a racing car, etc. spectator Noun /spekˈteɪtə(r)/ der/die Zuschauer/-in a spectator is someone who is present in the audience at a hundreds of spectators left the stadium before the end of the match public event such as a football match | the match was watched by over 30,000 spectators | spectators are not allowed to record the action on their phones | spectators cheered and clapped when Ronaldo scored a goal pp 22-23 POS Pronunciation Definition Collocates Examples Word family allowed Adjective /əˈlaʊd/ dürfen, erlaubt if you are allowed to do something, you have someone's be allowed to do something it's not allowed to eat during class | are we allowed to go swimming Verb: allow permission to do it at lunchtime? | we're not allowed outside after dark beard Noun /bɪəd/ der Bart a beard is the hair growing on the lower part of a man's face, on beards have become fashionable again | his beard is a different Adjective: bearded his chin and up the side of his cheeks colour from the hair on his head | a tall man with black beard | I think I'll shave my beard off for the summer goal Noun /ɡəʊl/ das Tor a goal is when a player succeeds in putting the ball into the net score a goal the winning goal was scored in the last minute | Harry Kane scored in a game such as football or hockey, or kicking the ball over the 28 goals this season | that was a brilliant goal! | we lost by three bar in American football or rugby goals to two | how many goals did Vardy score? goalkeeper Noun /ˈɡəʊlˌkiːpə(r)/ der Torwart/die Torwärtin in football and hockey, the goalkeeper is the player whose job our goalkeeper dropped the ball and the other team scored | Shilton is to stop the other team putting the ball in the goal. In football, was a great goalkeeper | the goalkeeper made a brilliant save (very the goalkeeper is the only player on a team who can use their skilfully stopped the ball going into the net) hands, and in hockey the goalkeeper is the only person who can use their legs and feet hole Noun /həʊl/ das Loch a hole is a gap in the ground with an empty space underneath a nine-hole golf course | I took three shots to reach the hole | you it. In the game of golf, a hole is a small, shallow space in the can see the hole from here because there is a flag in it ground just bigger than a ball, into which players try to hit their golf balls match Noun /mætʃ/ der Wettkampf, das Spiel a match is a sports game played by two people or teams we watched a football match on TV last night | are you going to the match tomorrow? | who won the match? | we've got a match against Arsenal on Saturday | a tennis match | a match between Federer and Murray | we lost the match yesterday moustache Noun /məsˈtɑːʃ/ der Schnauzbart a moustache is the hair growing above a man's upper lip he had a thin moustache, brown hair and green eyes | he shaved off his moustache before he started his new job | in the army, you are allowed to have a moustache, but in the navy, if you have a moustache you must have a beard as well obligatory Adjective /əˈblɪɡət(ə)ri/ Pflicht, verpflichtend if something is obligatory, you must do it or have it it's obligatory to wear a seat belt in a moving car | cycle helmets are obligatory in most of Australia | maths is an obligatory subject at my school (everyone has to do maths) | we recommend wearing gloves for this job, but it's not obligatory pick up Phrasal verb /pɪk ʌp/ aufheben if you pick something up, you lift it up from the place where it is the goalkeeper is the only player who can pick up the ball | I bent with your hands down to pick the money up from the floor | she picked up her suitcase and climbed onto the coach | be careful how you pick up heavy objects pitch Noun /pɪʧ/ das Spielfeld a pitch is an area of land where you play games such as football a football / rugby / hockey a football pitch | at last, the teams ran onto the pitch | the rugby or rugby pitch pitch was too wet to play on player Noun /ˈpleɪə(r)/ der/die Spieler/-in a player is someone who regularly plays a sport or who is he was the captain of the team and its best player | two of our Verb: play playing a sport at the moment players got injured last week | she's the best player in the team | a good football player | the players got changed before the match point Noun /pɔɪnt/ der Punkt in sports competitions, a point is a unit of scoring. Usually, the in tennis, you don't need to win every point to win the match | we player or team with the most points wins the match lost by four points (the other team got four more points than we did) | you get two points for getting the basketball into the basket referee Noun /ˌrefəˈriː/ der/die Schiedsrichter/-in in some sports, the referee is the person who controls the the referee is wearing green | the crowd shouted at the referee | the Verb: referee players and decides if anyone has broken the rules referee sent our captain off (said he/she had broken the rules badly and had to leave the game) rule Noun /ruːl/ die Regel rules are instructions that tell you what you are allowed to do break the rules | against the rules of football are quite complicated | a list of school rules | and what you are not allowed to do the rules you just have to follow the rules and you won't get into trouble | she broke the rules again (did something she was not allowed to do) | that's against the rules (not allowed by the rules) team Noun /tiːm/ die Mannschaft, das Team a team is a group of people who play a sport against another who's your favourite football team? | I'm captain of the school group of people in a sports event such as a football match, basketball team | there are 11 players in a cricket team | my team hockey match, etc. came third in the championship throw Verb /θrəʊ/ werfen if you throw something, you make it go through the air using a throw something at in rugby, you're not allowed to throw the ball forwards | the boys Noun: throw quick action to let it go from your hand someone or something were throwing stones into the river | how far can you throw a rugby ball? | throw the ball to me time limit Noun /taɪm ˈlɪmɪt/ die zeitliche Begrenzung if an event has a time limit, it must finish by a particular time there's a time limit of one hour on the match | take as long as you and not continue after it need – there's no time limit | I had to hurry to finish within the time limit winner Noun /ˈwɪnə(r)/ der/die Gewinner/-in the winner of a competition or game is the player who does the winner will receive $25,000 | the winner of three Olympic gold Verb: win || Opposites – better than everyone else who is taking part medals | last year's winner is injured and can't compete this year | Noun: loser | Verb: lose the winners' photographs were printed in the local newspaper pp 24-25 POS Pronunciation Definition Collocates Examples Word family athlete Noun /ˈæθliːt/ der/die Athlet/-in, der/die an athlete is someone who takes part in sports such as running, the athletes came out onto the running track | we sent a team of 30 Noun: athletics Berufssportler/-in jumping and throwing. Those sports in general are called athletes to the Olympic Games | I was never a good athlete at school athletics | Usain Bolt is probably the most famous athlete in the world baseball Noun /ˈbeɪsˌbɔːl/ der Baseball baseball is a team game, played especially in the USA, Canada a professional baseball player | we're going to a baseball game and Japan, in which two teams of nine players take turns to try tonight | baseball is one of the most popular sports in Canada | do and score points (called runs) by hitting a ball with a round stick you enjoy playing baseball? and then running round a specially shaped field box Verb /bɒks/ boxen if you box, you take part in an organised sport that involves I go to a gym to box once a week | she wanted to learn to box Noun: boxing | Noun: fighting against another person while wearing soft gloves properly boxer chess Noun /tʃes/ das Schachspiel chess is a game played between two players on a board with 64 a chess player | a chess she's a very good chess player | Wallis won the chess tournament uncount squares. Each player has 16 pieces, one of which is called the tournament (an event in which lots of people play chess against each other) | I king. The aim is to move the pieces and force the opponent into learned to play chess when I was eight | you need to concentrate a a position where his or her king cannot move. lot to play chess well gymnastics Noun /dʒɪmˈnæstɪks/ das Kunstturnen gymnastics is a sport in which the competitors do different she represented France at gymnastics at the London Olympics | physical activities on the floor and using special equipment gymnastics can be really boring to watch | they're showing gymnastics on TV tonight hard Adverb /hɑː(r)d/ intensiv, gut if you work hard, try hard, etc., you use a lot of effort and think hard before you answer | you need to try harder if you want to Adjective: hard energy while you are doing something succeed | I've got to work harder at my English pronunciation | she fought very hard to be elected to parliament runner Noun /ˈrʌnə(r)/ der/die Läufer/-in a runner is someone who takes part in a running race the runners lined up at the start of the race | Usain Bolt is the fastest Verb: run runner in the world | there were 6 runners in each race teamwork Noun /ˈtiːmˌwɜː(r)k/ der Mannschaftsgeist teamwork involves several people working together in order to an exercise to encourage teamwork | competitions are a great lesson uncount achieve the same aim in teamwork | good teamwork requires good communication | we hope to improve our teamwork by getting to know each other better pp 26-27 POS Pronunciation Definition Collocates Examples Word family commentator Noun /ˈkɒmənˌteɪtə(r)/ der/die Berichterstatter/-in a commentator is someone who describes what is happening in the commentator started shouting with excitement when Mexico Verb: commentate | a sports event to the people who are watching or listening to it scored | it's a difficult job being a commentator | a commentator Noun: commentary while it is being broadcast on TV or radio has to be able to recognise every player instantly crazy Adjective /ˈkreɪzi/ durchgedreht, verrückt if you say that people go crazy, you mean that they get very the spectators went crazy | everyone went crazy when the goal was excited and start behaving in a wild and uncontrolled way scored crowd Noun /kraʊd/ die Menschenmenge a crowd is a very large group of people in a place, for example it's a sport that attracts big crowds | there was a huge crowd Adjective: crowded in a shopping centre or watching a sports event waiting to get in | I had to push my way through the crowds of shoppers on Oxford Street | a small crowd had gathered outside the church entertainment Noun /ˌentə(r)ˈteɪnmənt/ die Unterhaltung entertainment is things that give people pleasure, like films, a series of concerts and other entertainment | the airline offers in- Verb: entertain | Noun: concerts, television, etc. flight entertainment (films you can watch during a plane journey) | entertainer | Adjective: there was live musical entertainment at the restaurant | it's an entertaining important centre for culture, entertainment, and leisure lie Verb /laɪ/ liegen if you lie on something or lie down, your body is flat and your lie on something As Claudina lies on the floor, Yolanda smiles and waves to the crowd head is on the same level as your feet | I usually watch TV lying in bed | she lay on the grass looking at the sky | he lay down and fell asleep | Tim lay on the sofa reading a book | I'm really tired – I'm going to lie down for half an hour mixture Noun /ˈmɪkstʃə(r)/ das Gemisch, die Mischung a mixture of different things is a lot of them all together a mixture of things a mixture of sport, drama and entertainment | it's a mixture of fried rice and black beans | a strange mixture of old and modern paintings | a mixture of different musical styles | bread is basically a mixture of flour and water that is then baked | stir the mixture of oil and vinegar for a minute ring Noun /rɪŋ/ der Ring in sports such as boxing and wrestling, the ring is the square after 12 years in the ring he decided to retire (after 12 years as a area with ropes around it where the boxers or wrestlers fight boxer) | the two men approached the ring from opposite ends of the each other. People sometimes use the ring to refer to the sport theatre | it looks small, but when you're inside it a boxing ring can itself seem quite big scream Verb /skriːm/ kreischen if someone screams, they shout in a very loud, high voice the crowd were screaming with delight when Bale scored for Wales | Noun: scream because they are very excited, or suddenly afraid, or in pain he screamed loudly | the baby started screaming in the middle of the night | I could hear screaming downstairs | the girls were screaming and laughing | don't scream or I'll shoot! throw Verb /θrəʊ/ werfen if you throw something or someone, you make them go Yolanda threw Claudina on the floor | the aim of wrestling is to through the air and onto the ground using your hands throw your opponent onto the mat (the covering over the floor) | in rugby, you're not allowed to throw the ball forwards | the boys were throwing stones into the river wave Verb /weɪv/ winken if you wave, you move your hand from side to side to say wave at someone | wave to she smiled and waved to her fans | I waved at him but he didn't see Noun: wave goodbye to someone or to indicate that you have seen them someone me | she waved at me from the other side of the street | the queen waved at the crowds from the window of the palace wrestling Noun /ˈres(ə)lɪŋ/ der Ringkampf wrestling is a sport in which two people fight each other by I sometimes watch wrestling on TV | wrestling is a minority sport (it Verb: wrestle | Noun: uncount holding and pulling each other, but are not allowed to hit or is not played by very many people) | there were four wrestling wrestler punch each other matches on the programme | our school has a good wrestling team pp 28-29 POS Pronunciation Definition Collocates Examples Word family advert Noun /ˈædvɜː(r)t/ die Werbeanzeige an advert is a short piece of text in a newspaper or magazine, an advert for the tennis club | I saw an advert for it on TV | there are Verb: advertise || often with a picture, or a short film on TV that tries to make too many adverts on TV | the great thing about the BBC is that there Synonym – Noun: people want to buy a particular product or do a particular are no adverts | a front page advert in a national newspaper advertisement activity enthusiasm Noun /ɪnˈθjuːziˌæzəm/ die Begeisterung enthusiasm is a feeling of lively excitement about something enthusiasm for something a pianist with a great enthusiasm for music | make sure you express Adjective: enthusiastic | uncount and an eagerness to be involved in it your enthusiasm for the job at the end of the interview | enthusiasm Adverb: enthusiastically is more important than talent in the theatre group | I don't share his enthusiasm for camping holidays fit Adjective /fɪt/ fit, in Form if you are fit, you are healthy and can do physical exercise get fit | keep fit want to get fit? Then join our running club | I go to the gym to keep Noun: fitness || without becoming tired. If you are not fit, you can get fit if you fit | I used to be fit | I need to get fitter | he's not very fit because he Opposite – Adjective: start to do regular exercise and eat a healthy diet doesn't do any exercise | she's fit and healthy again after her illness unfit good Adjective /ɡʊd/ gut if you are good at something, you are able to do it very well be good at something she's very good at drawing | if you're good at singing you should join the choir (organised group of singers) | I've never been any good at cooking | he's really good at learning languages | she's got better at maths this term headline Noun /ˈhedˌlaɪn/ die Schlagzeile a headline is a short piece of text in very big letters at the top of the headline said "Britain votes to leave Europe" | the new prime an article in a newspaper minister is always in the headlines (his or her name is always mentioned) | her death made headlines around the world (was such big news that all the newspapers had stories about her) important Adjective /ɪmˈpɔː(r)t(ə)nt/ wichtig if something is important, it can have a big and serious effect it's very important that you don't arrive late | I've got an important Noun: importance | on something message for you | they're having an important meeting this Adverb: importantly || afternoon Opposite – Adjective: unimportant interested Adjective /ˈɪntrəstɪd/ interessiert if you are interested in something, you would like to see more be interested in something I'm very interested in music | he wanted to show us his new car but Verb: interest | of it or know more about it we weren't interested | I'm interested in Russian history | I can tell Adjective: interesting || you're not interested – you nearly fell asleep! Opposite – Adjective: uninterested join Verb /dʒɔɪn/ beitreten if you join an organisation, you officially become a member of it I joined the army when I left university | she's applied to join the tennis club | Estonia joined NATO in 2004 | he joined a gym to try to get fit membership fee Noun /ˈmɛmbəʃɪp fiː/ die Mitgliedsgebühr a membership fee is the money you pay to be a member of a the membership fee is £15 a year | I forgot to pay my membership club fee this year | membership fees are due (must be paid) on 1st April notice Noun