The Psychological Self PDF Study Guide

The Psychological Self Understanding the Self – Lesson 3 Dr. Yanga's Colleges, Inc.  Desired Learning Outcome At the end of this lesson, the student will be able to: 1. describe and discuss how the various concepts and theory in psychology explain the concept of self. 2. Analyze th...

The Psychological Self Understanding the Self – Lesson 3 Dr. Yanga's Colleges, Inc.  Desired Learning Outcome At the end of this lesson, the student will be able to: 1. describe and discuss how the various concepts and theory in psychology explain the concept of self. 2. Analyze the effects of various psychological factors in the formation of the self 3. demonstrate how different concepts in psychology can be applied to understand oneself.  Let us do this... Have five (5) of your friends/ classmates answer the following table about their first impressions of you as well as how it changed. IMPORTANCE OF SELF- UNDERSTANDING To understand where your inner disturbance is coming from. To know where you are fitted in life. The more you understand yourself, the more will you understand others.  “I am who I am”. “If you are who you are then what makes you who you are?”. The self is not something that you need to find; it is something that you create. “The self is not something ready-made, but something in continuous formation through choice of action.” – John Dewey Self as Personal Identity "Self is a sense of personal identity and of who we are as individuals” (Jhangiani & Tarry, 2014). On the Self Within On the Self Within Carl Rogers – self-schema is our own organized system or collection of knowledge about who we are. (Gleitman, Gross, and Reisberg 2011; Jhangiani and Tarry 2014). Schema – as you grow and adapt to the changes around, we also change. But we are not passive receivers but can actively shape how we see the world. Carl Rogers Carl Rogers (1959) believes that the self-concept has three different components: (1) the view you have of yourself (self- image) (2) how much value you have on yourself (self-esteem) and (3) what you wish you were really like (ideal-self). Self-Image  INTEREST FAMILY SELF RELIGION AFFILIATIONS  Internal and External Self-awareness leads us to the realization of our self-schemas: the actual, the ideal, and the ought self. ACTUAL SELF – who we are at the present. IDEAL SELF – who we like to be OUGHT SELF – who we think we should be.  Michael F. Scheier and Charles S. Carver Carver and Scheier (1981) identified two types of self that we can be aware of: (1) the private self or your internal standards, thoughts and feelings and (2) public self or your public image which commonly geared towards having a good presentation of yourself to others.  According to Bee (1992) this is the Existential most basic part of the self-scheme or self-concept; the sense of being Being separate and distinct from others and the awareness of the constancy of the self.  The child realizes that he or she exists as a separate experiencing Categorical being The self can be put into categories such as age, height, gender, skills, Being educational attainment. It shows that the person becomes aware of who she is based on how he describes herself.  Deindividuation of the Self In a large crowd, a person may experience deindividuation or the loss of individual awareness of who he/she is as a person. Attuning oneself to the emotions, thoughts, and beliefs of the crowd provides anonymity which may lesson self- control and act against who they are.  Self-Concept Identity: One’s characteristics, roles and status, and affiliations (both by personal choice and given by society) Self- Concept: Your own idea of who you are, such as when answering the question “Who are you?” Both are interrelated and both are not fixed for life Self-Esteem Our personal positive or negative perception or evaluation of ourselves (Jhangiani and Tarry 2014; Gleitman, Gross, and Reisberg 2011). Commonly achieved, maintained, and boosted through social comparison Can have both positive and negative effects, from resilience and high productivity, to discrimination of others and narcissism Self-Esteem Social relationships affect self-esteem by ways of comparison. According to the social comparison theory, we learn about ourselves, the appropriateness of our behavior, by comparing aspects of ourself with other people. (Jhangiani and Tarry 2014; Hogg and Vaughan 2010) Self-Esteem Downgrade social comparison – we create a positive self-concept by comparing ourselves with those who are worse off than us. (Jhangiani and Tarry 2014). Upward social comparison – we compare ourselves with those who are better off than us.  A Concrete Relationship Incongruence - a difference may exist between person’s ideal self and actual experience. Congruence - if the person’s ideal self and actual experience are similar.  CONGRUENCE VS INCONGUENCE According to Michael Argyle (2008), there are four major factors which influence the development of congruence to ourselves. These are: (1) the ways in which others react to us (2) how we think we compare to others (3) our social roles and (4) the extent to which we identify with other people. Self-Image Self-Worth Ideal Self "The fastest way to kill something special is to compare it with something else. -Craig Groeschel  Task Time 1.Do “Assessment and Application” on p.37. 2.Have an advance reading on the Western and Eastern perspective of the Self on pp. 44-47.