UTS Lesson 2-3 PDF

Chapter 1 Lesson 1: Philosophical Perspective 1. DISCUSS THE DIFFERENT REPRESENTATIONS AND CONCEPTUALIZATION OF THE SELF FROM PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVE. 2. EXAMINE THE DIFFERENT INFLUENCES, FACTORS AND FORCES THAT SHAPE THE SELF. 3. DEMONSTRATE CRITICAL AND REFLECTIVE THOUGHT IN ANALYZING...

Chapter 1 Lesson 1: Philosophical Perspective 1. DISCUSS THE DIFFERENT REPRESENTATIONS AND CONCEPTUALIZATION OF THE SELF FROM PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVE. 2. EXAMINE THE DIFFERENT INFLUENCES, FACTORS AND FORCES THAT SHAPE THE SELF. 3. DEMONSTRATE CRITICAL AND REFLECTIVE THOUGHT IN ANALYZING THE DEVELOPMENT OF ONE’S SELF AND IDENTIFY BY DEVELOPING A THEORY OF THE SELF. Philosophical Perspective ► Socrates- Human being has an imperfect body but has a perfect and permanent soul. ► Plato- Unexamined life is not worth living. ► St. Augustine: Man as a human person dwells with the world that is imperfect and would take many years to achieve divinity. ► Thomas Acquinas- Man is composed of matter and form ► Hume- One’s knowledge of the world comes from the senses and experience. ► Kant- recognizes that not everything starts with perception and sensation of impressions. ► Merleau-Ponty- believes that the mind and body are intertwined and therefore, inseparable. Chapter 1 Lesson 2: Sociological Perspective LESSON OBJECTIVES: 1. DISCUSS THE DIFFERENT REPRESENTATIONS AND CONCEPTUALIZATIONS OF THE SELF FROM SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE 2. EXAMINE THE DIFFERENT INFLUENCES, FACTORS AND FORCES THAT SHAPE SELF 3. COMPARE AND CONTRAST H THE SELF HAS BEEN REPRESENTED ACROSS THE DIFFERENT DISCIPLINES AND PERSPECTIVE ► Awareness of own strengths and weaknesses will enable you to better connect with others and the community in general. ► Your personal identity will manifest in your personal attributes such as your skills, talents values and outlooks in life. ► Agents of Socialization ► Theories of Socialization Social Self and Socialization ► George Herbert Mead, a sociologist from the late 1800s is well-known for his theory of the “Social Self” and of the concepts of “me” and “I”. Mead’s work focuses on the way in which the self is developed.  Social Self Social Interactions: observing and interacting with others responding to others’ opinions about self internalizing external opinions and internal feelings about oneself  Development Self According to Mead, one’s self is further enrich thru: Language by allowing individuals to respond to each other through symbols, gestures, words, and sounds Play by allowing individuals to take on different roles, express expectation towards others. Games by allowing individuals to understand and adhere to the rules of the activity. TWO SIDES OF SELF: ME and I ► “ME” is considered as the socialized aspect of the individual. It represents learned behaviors, attitudes, and expectations of others and society; and ► “I” is considered the present and future phase of the self. It represents the individual’s identity based on response to the ‘me’.  society self family socialization behavior  Agents of Socialization Family introduces children to the expectations of the society. Media serves as the means individuals communicate. Peers are where children learn the concepts of self and gain social skills Religion is being adopted from the parents. Sports allows people to discover more of his/her skills. School molds the children’s characters and intellectual capacity.  Theories of Socialization 1. Object Relation Theory of Socialization: Individual Learning Process: infants relate more with same-sex parents Formation of Self: emerges through separation of self from primary caretaker Influence of Society: identity is shaped by having division of labor in the family  Theories of Socialization 2. Psychoanalytic Theory of Socialization: Individual Learning Process: behavior is shaped by unconscious mind Formation of Self: emerges out of the tension between id and superego Influence of Society: superego represents societal expectations which help shape an individual  Theories of Socialization 3. Social Learning Theory of Socialization: Individual Learning Process: people respond to social stimuli in the environment Formation of Self: emerges out of the interaction of mental and social worlds Influence of Society: principles learned from childhood help shape an individual’s perception of the world  Theories of Socialization 4. Functionalist Theory of Socialization: Individual Learning Process: people have the capability to internalize role expectations in society Formation of Self: people’s internalization of the values of society reinforce social consensus Influence of Society: individual conforms to societal preference to maintain social equilibrium  Theories of Socialization 5. Conflict Theory of Socialization: Individual Learning Process: available opportunities help shape people’s aspirations Formation of Self: system of inequality helps shape group consciousness Influence of Society: social control agent exert pressure to conform with rules and protocols  Theories of Socialization 6. Symbolic Interaction Theory of Socialization: Individual Learning Process: children learn by taking the role of significant others Formation of Self: formed out of the interaction of the creative self with the social Influence of Society: expectations of other people promote awareness of social roles Chapter 1 Lesson 4: The Self from Anthropological Perspective LESSON OBJECTIVES: 1. DISCUSS THE DIFFERENT REPRESENTATIONS AND CONCEPTUALIZATION OF THE SELF FROM ANTHROPOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE. 2. EXAMINE THE DIFFERENT INFLUENCES, FACTORS AND FORCES THAT SHAPE THE SELF. 3. COMPARE AND CONTRAST HOW THE SELF HAS BEEN REPRESENTED ACROSS THE DIFFERENT DISCIPLINES AND PERSPECTIVE.  ► The self from anthropological perspective ► Anthropology is the study of people, their origins, their development, and contemporary variations.  Anthropology ► Anthropology examines the remains of ancient human populations to better understand how humans adapted to their environment. ► Anthropologists believe that: 1. Humans are both biological and social creatures 2. Human behavior differs from one generation to another 3. Human behavior varies across regions and nations 4. Human expresses a variety of actions and beliefs  Anthropology ► Culture is a powerful agent which helps shape the human thinking and actions. ► It is also explained in terms of material (tangible/visible such as foods, clothes, and other possessions) and non-material (values, ideas, knowledge, belief system) culture.  Culture Culture is a set of beliefs, attitudes, and practices are learned and adapted by individual from his/her constant interaction with other people. ► Enculturation is the interaction with immediate family, peers, and other members of the society. ► Acculturation is where desirable traits from other cultures or the learned culture are injected into prevailing culture ► Deculturation is a neglect or loss of long-term cultural perspective or practices and failure to accept new ones. Get ready and enjoy! Activity 1. Differentiate the concept of Me and I. 2. Explain the concept of Socialization. 3. What are the agents of Socialization? 4. Differentiate the concept of the following: Enculturation, acculturation and Deculturation.