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ENGLISH s.y. 2024-2025 Grade 7  LESSON NOTES FIRST QUARTER Lesson 1: Lyric Poetry Poetry and song share several key similarities that contribute to their expressive and artistic nature. Both poetry and song are powerful mediums for expressing emotions, storie...

ENGLISH s.y. 2024-2025 Grade 7  LESSON NOTES FIRST QUARTER Lesson 1: Lyric Poetry Poetry and song share several key similarities that contribute to their expressive and artistic nature. Both poetry and song are powerful mediums for expressing emotions, stories, and ideas. They often tackle themes like love, nature, human experience, and social issues. They both employ literary devices such as metaphor, simile, alliteration, and rhyme. This artistic use of language is central to their impact and appeal. Both rely on rhythm and meter for flow and structure. Poetry uses forms like sonnets or haikus, while songs use musical beats and patterns. ___________________________________________________________________________________ Literature is written works that express ideas, emotions, and stories through language, often showcasing artistic or intellectual value. It includes novels, poems, plays, and other forms of writing that reflect human experiences and cultural contexts. Types of Literature Poetry is a form of writing that is based on musicality and rhythm. It is often characterized by its use of figurative languages, such as metaphors and similes. Poetry is often used for poems and some of its devices are also used in songwriting. Prose is a form of writing that is based on spoken language. It is characterized by its natural flow and rhythm, as well as its use of regular grammar and punctuation. Prose is often used for novels, short stories, and essays.  BASIC ELEMENTS OF POETRY LYRIC POETRY Lyric poetry is a type of poem that expresses personal feelings and emotions, often in a musical or rhythmic way. This kind of poetry often has a musical quality, with attention to rhythm and sometimes rhyme. It focuses more on emotions and ideas rather than telling a story.  Features of Lyric Poetry 1.It has a song-like quality 2.It explores emotions and personal feelings. 3.It has literary devices that are used to highlight the poet’s writing purpose. Meter - It refers to the rhythmic pattern of a line within the stanza of a poem. Meter in a poem is like the beat of a song. When you read the poem out loud, some syllables are stronger (stressed), and some are softer (unstressed). When a line of poetry is written in iambic meter, it follows this pattern. The most common form of iambic meter is iambic pentameter, which has five iambs per line, totaling ten syllables. Here's an example of iambic pentameter from Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet: "But, soft! What light through yonder window breaks?“ In this line, each pair of syllables follows the unstressed-stressed pattern typical of an iambic meter. Mood - It is the emotional response the author would like his reader to feel upon reading the composition. Tone - It is the attitude of the author towards the subject. Theme - It refers to the central idea explored by the writer in the text.  Figures of Speech It is a form of expression used to heighten an effect on the text. The words in a phrase or sentence offer other meanings than the ones in the dictionary. Instead of saying something in a plain, ordinary way, a figure of speech helps you say it in a more colorful or imaginative way. Simile It is used to compare one thing to another. It uses the words such as “like” or “as”. Example: 1. Your eyes are like diamonds. 2. She is as brave as lion. 3. Her skin is as white as snow. Metaphor It is used to describe something by referring to another thing. It does not use words such as “like” or “as”. Example: 1. You have a heart of gold. 2. Time is a thief. 3. You are the apple of my eye. Personification It is used to attribute human characteristics to an animal or an inanimate object. Example: 1. The tourists were welcomed by the sun. 2. The stars winked in the night sky. 3. The mountain stood tall, guarding the valley below. Forms of Lyric Poetry Author’s Purpose  Lesson 2: Narrative Poetry Reading Lenses Biographical Context know the author’s background gather basic information and experiences of an author to understand the writing perspectives Historical Context take note of the remarkable events that happened in the past and relate it to the author’s reason for writing Sociocultural Context determine the social, economic, political and cultural aspects and examine their connections to the author’s work Biag ni Lam-ang Summary Biag ni Lam-ang begins with Lam-ang's birth, where he miraculously speaks right after coming into the world. His mother, Namongan, raised him alone while his father, Don Juan, went to confront the Igorots. When Lam-ang learned that his father had been killed in battle, he set out to avenge him. In a fierce fight, Lam-ang demonstrated his extraordinary strength and skill, ultimately defeating the Igorots and avenging his father's death. Narrative poetry is a long form of verse that tells the entire story. It has a beginning, middle, and ending. It has a fully developed story including CHARACTERS, PLOT, CONFLICT, and, RESOLUTION. Narrative poetry retains poetic devices and characteristics such as meter and rhyme. Unlike other forms of poetry that focus on emotions or descriptions, narrative poetry focuses on storytelling, guiding the reader through a series of events or experiences. WHAT ARE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF A NARRATIVE POETRY? 1. NARRATIVE POEMS TELL A STORY. A narrative poem has a narrator who may be a character or an observer of the action, or someone retelling the story. POINT OF VIEW - It refers to the narrator’s perspective and its connection to the story. a) First-person Point of View - The narrator is a character in the story. The character uses words like "I," "me," or "we" to describe what happens. You see the story through their eyes and know only what they think and feel. b) Third-person Point of View - The storyteller is an observer and does not refer to himself as the narrator. The narrator uses words like "he," "she," or "they" to describe the characters and events. The narrator might know what all the characters are thinking or just one. 2. NARRATIVE POEMS INCLUDE STORY ELEMENTS. A narrative poem must have characters, and a plot with action, conflict, and resolution. It also includes the setting and dialogues between characters. CHARACTERS - They could be a person, an animal, or a thing that performs actions and speaks dialogues in the story. THERE ARE TWO MAJOR TYPES OF CHARACTERS. a) Protagonist - he/she is the main character around which the story revolves. The decision made by the main character is affected by the conflict. b) Antagonist - the antagonist is the one who causes conflict for the protagonist. SETTING - it represents the time and place where the most of the events of the story took place. It includes the location (like a school, a forest, or a city) and the time period (like in the past, present, or future). The setting helps create the mood or feeling of the story and can influence how the characters act or what events take place. PLOT - it is the connected sequence of events happened in the story. It includes everything that the characters go through, like problems they face and how they solve them. The plot is like the backbone of the story, helping it all make sense.  CONFLICT - it is the struggle between two opposing forces in the story. It makes the story move forward. DIFFERENT TYPES OF CONFLICT a) Character versus Character — it is a type of conflict where a character’s wants are odds with another character. b) Character versus Self - it is a type of conflict that exists within the character himself/herself. c) Character versus Nature - it is a type of conflict where the character’s opposition is nature, often natural disasters like earthquakes, typhoons, and others. d) Character versus Society - it is a type of conflict where the character is opposed to social norms and practices. RESOLUTION - it refers to the final event in the story. It is the concluding part of the narrative. 3. NARRATIVE POEMS USE POETIC TECHNIQUES. Some narrative poems follow a rhyming pattern. Narrative poets may use imagery, or figures of speech to make their work more expressive. RHYMING PATTERN - rhyme refers to the repetition of syllables at the end of a line in a stanza. If the last words of the first and third line have same ending sound, as well as the second and fourth line, it is evident that there is a rhyme pattern. This rhyme pattern is called ABAB. Look at the example below: Line 1 (A): The stars above twinkle in the night (A) Line 2 (B): The river flows with quiet grace (B) Line 3 (A): The moon casts down its gentle light (A) Line 4 (B): Upon the earth's calm, peaceful face (B) Notice how line 1 rhymes with line 3 (night/light), and line 2 rhymes with line 4 (grace/face). This is the ABAB rhyme pattern. IMAGERY - it is a vivid description of a place, event, or a character that creates a clear picture that appeals to the senses of the readers. HYPERBOLE - it is a type of figures of speech that is used to express exaggerated claims that are not meant to be taken literally Example: 1. I have seen this movie a hundred times. 2. I cried a bucket of tears. 3. He could fight a hundred men without breaking a sweat. 4. His shout could shake the very foundations of the earth. 4. NARRATIVE POEMS ENTERTAIN. To make the story memorable, the narrators may use different elements such as humor and tragedy. They may also employ a variety of genres like combining fantasy with reality. WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF NARRATIVE POETRY? a) EPIC - it is a long poem that recounts heroism. The main characters are usually kings, knights, or extraordinary people who have the power to change the lives and stories of other people. BIAG NI LAM-ANG IS CONSIDERED AS ONE OF THE BEST EXAMPLES OF EPIC AS IT HAS MANY CLASSIC FEATURES OF AN EPIC: Heroic Character Long Narrative Adventure and Conflict Cultural Significance b) BALLAD - it is a poem that narrates a story of romance and adventures in a short stanza. This poem is set to music and told to a large audience. c) IDYLL - it is a short narrative poem that describes the life in the countryside. It often describes scenes of nature, farming, or everyday life in a rural setting. d) LAY - it is referred to as a medieval lyric poetry. It is a long narrative poem that tells stories of romance and chivalry. It is mainly composed in France and Germany in 13th and 14th century. e) VERSE NOVEL - it refers to a novel-length story told using shorter poems. The narrator is in the first person perspective, the chapters are short, and the storytelling is not linear. In short, a verse novel is a novel written in poetic form.  Lesson 3: Dramatic Poetry With Her Dreams of Happiness and My Heart in Grief” by Christy V. De Leon (Unpublished) on page 49 Her little hands, her tiny feet Her eyes taken from her father Her nose and lips like mine They grew right before my eyes Behold, in a blink of my eyes She began to walk, at first holding my hands. Then she slowly drifted away In silence, my tears rolled down with joy For she grew up a fine lady, with sorrow For she started not to need me Little by little, day by day The distance between us seemed to grow bigger Farther she went away with her dreams of happiness with my heart in grief What is Dramatic Poetry? Dramatic poetry is a kind of verse meant to be spoken and acted out. It is somehow like narrative poetry as it tells a story or narrates a situation. However, in dramatic poetry, it has a character talking, and there is no exchange of words between two or more characaters. What are the distinctive Features of Dramatic Poetry? It has actions and speech that are used to depict action and plot. The focus is on how the speakeris affected emotionally by what is going on. It is recited from the characters point of view.  Lesson 3: Dramatic Poetry With Her Dreams of Happiness and My Heart in Grief” by Christy V. De Leon (Unpublished) on page 49 Her little hands, her tiny feet Her eyes taken from her father Her nose and lips like mine They grew right before my eyes Behold, in a blink of my eyes She began to walk, at first holding my hands. Then she slowly drifted away In silence, my tears rolled down with joy For she grew up a fine lady, with sorrow For she started not to need me Little by little, day by day The distance between us seemed to grow bigger Farther she went away with her dreams of happiness with my heart in grief What is Dramatic Poetry? Dramatic poetry is a kind of verse meant to be spoken and acted out. It is somehow like narrative poetry as it tells a story or narrates a situation. However, in dramatic poetry, it has a character talking, and there is no exchange of words between two or more characaters. What are the distinctive Features of Dramatic Poetry? It has actions and speech that are used to depict action and plot. The focus is on how the speakeris affected emotionally by what is going on. It is recited from the characters point of view. WHAT ARE THE KINDS OF DRAMATIC POETRY? DRAMATIC MONOLOGUE It is a combination of drama and poetry. This refers to a long speech delivered by a single character with a few or no interruptions. It is said by the character in a situation at a critical moment. Imagine you're watching a play, but instead of a conversation between two people, only one person is speaking and revealing their thoughts. The audience or reader learns about the speaker’s emotions and the situation they’re in through this speech. SOLILOQUY It is a passage spoken aloud by a character, but can only be heard by himself, and not the audience. The speaker expresses his or her own thoughts and reveals his or her emotions without inhibitions to give deep insights into the character. For example, if a character is confused or upset, they might talk to themselves to show the audience what’s going on in their mind. It’s like they’re thinking out loud. CHARACTER SKETCH It is a type of dramatic poetry where the playwright encourages the audience to form an opinion on the character delivering the lines. The writer is concerned about arousing sympathy from the listener, the element of suspense, conflict, and tension. for example, the speaker describes themselves or shares their situation in a way that gives the audience a clear picture of their personality.