Types of Government PDF

Types of government Monarchy - one in which supreme authority is in the hands of a single person, and can either be absolute (where ruler rules by divine rights) or limited (ruler governs in accordance with a constitution) Aristocracy - political power is exercised by a few privileged individuals k...

Types of government Monarchy - one in which supreme authority is in the hands of a single person, and can either be absolute (where ruler rules by divine rights) or limited (ruler governs in accordance with a constitution) Aristocracy - political power is exercised by a few privileged individuals known as aristocrats Oligarchy - form of aristocracy but the basis of leadership is the wealth of the rulers Democracy - political power is exercised by a majority of the people Direct or pure democracy: will of the State is formulated directly through the people in a mass meeting or assembly Indirect/representative/republican democracy: will of the State is formulated through a relatively small and select body of persons chosen by the people to act as their representative Unitary - control of national and local affairs is exercised by the national government Federal power of the government is divided between two agencies, one for national affairs and the other for local affairs. each organ being supreme within its own jurisdiction Parliamentary - State confers upon the legislature the power to terminate the tenure of the executive; where the Cabinet or Ministry is immediately and legally responsible to the legislature and politically responsible to the electorate Presidential - executive is independent of the legislative as to tenure, policies, and acts; where the president and the members of the legislation are directly elected by the people Sovereignty in the midst of colonization Political laws are not merely suspended but abrogated as they regulate the relations between the ruler and the ruled, these laws fall to the ground unless they are retained or re-enacted by positive act of the new sovereign Non-political/municipal laws continue in operation as they only regulate private relations unless they are changed by the new sovereign or contrary to its institutions For judicial decisions, the same are valid during the occupation and even beyond those of a political complexion, which are automatically annulled upon the restoration of the legitimate authority. Dominium: Capacity to own or acquire property, including lands held by the State in its proprietary capacity Imperium: Authority possessed by the State embraced in the concept of sovereignty