Chick Pull and Processing, Chick Transport and Chick Quality PDF

**CHICK PULL AND PROCESSING, CHICK TRANSPORT AND CHICK QUALITY** 1. understand the process of grading chicks in terms of quality and do the hands-on; 2. learn the basic requirements of chicks' environment from hatchery to growing farm. Chick Pull and Processing -------------------------...

**CHICK PULL AND PROCESSING, CHICK TRANSPORT AND CHICK QUALITY** 1. understand the process of grading chicks in terms of quality and do the hands-on; 2. learn the basic requirements of chicks' environment from hatchery to growing farm. Chick Pull and Processing ------------------------- Chick Transport --------------- Chick Quality ------------- Chick Pull and Processing ------------------------- - feather-sexing with broilers is very common while Vent sexing with breeding stock - Vaccination is done using hand or automatic vaccinators or via spray application - Beak conditioning 1. During processing, chicks must be held in a very controlled environment that forestalls overheating or overcooling. they need to not be overcrowded within the boxes or while on conveyers. to scale back weight loss from the chicks, maintain the proper humidity within the chick holding areas. Aim for 23 °C (73 °F) with a ratio of 65 - 70%. 2. Automated equipment has been developed to boost chick handling while reducing the number of staffs involved. 3. Avoid rough handling of chicks in manual operations and when equipment is employed. Equipment must be correctly and frequently maintained. 4. Clean all equipment thoroughly after each hatch. All chick contact areas like conveyers and carousel must be easily accessible for cleaning. ### Chicks' temperature ### Chicks' take-off and sexing FEMALES ------- 1. Spread wing out sort of a fan. 2. Study feathers on outer joint - bottom row of feathers are primaries; top row of feathers are coverts. 3. When the underside row (primary feather) is longer than the highest row (coverts), the chick is female. 4. When the underside row (primary feather) is that the same length, or shorter than the top row (coverts), the chick is male. ### **Chicks' Vaccination** - [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WfMMr8gu3Fo]](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WfMMr8gu3Fo) - [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nzdnCSJgdCM]](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nzdnCSJgdCM) - [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pm48NAzApAU]](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pm48NAzApAU) - [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a9ZK7oz0HSI]](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a9ZK7oz0HSI) - [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4BaSfyXrcOg]](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4BaSfyXrcOg) - [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IgAz29875OY]](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IgAz29875OY) - [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y688ZWRMtJM]](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y688ZWRMtJM) ### Hatch Window 1. Extended pre-heating periods 2. Setting eggs too early. Too many hours of incubation 3. Incorrect setter/hatcher temperature and humidity 4. Hot spots inside the setter and hatcher 5. Incorrect ventilation 6. Seasonal temperature changes effecting the hatchery environment 7. Too many fertile eggs within the hatcher 8. Egg size 1. Setting eggs too late 2. Incorrect setter/hatcher temperature and humidity 3. Incorrect ventilation Seasonal temperature changes effecting the hatchery environment 4. Eggs which are stored for long periods 5. Eggs which are stored at too low a temperature 6. Incorrect setting patterns in multi-stages machines 7. Disease and fertility problems -- -- -- -- Holding and delivery of chicks (Chick Processing and Transport) --------------------------------------------------------------- 1. The vehicle cab should have a device showing the temperature within the load to enable the driving force to regulate air vents for cooling. 2. Optimize the delivery in consideration of transport time, truck climate capacity and condition of roads. 3. Remember that a powerful air flow can help in critical temperature conditions. The minimum ventilation rate needed to satisfy adequate oxygen is 34 m^3^ /hr per 1000 chicks during winter weather, and 4. Use an information logger to record conditions and place it within the right place within the chicks' box; count and control the loose chicks. 5. Load and unload quickly; during a normal truck there\'s no good ventilation during this phase and boxes aren't well distributed. 6. Adjust the quantity of chicks/box in relation to the climate conditions (season-size) and also the previously scheduled hours of transport time. Chicks should be held at an in-box temperature of about 90 °F (32 °C) which will usually be achieved by a vehicle air temperature of 24 °C with plastic boxes or 20 °C with cardboard boxes. 7. Use proper food and hydrate food for chicks within the case of extra-long delivery 8. Chicks delivered in plastic boxes require greater care to forestall overheating or chilling than those in cardboard. make sure the vehicle has adequate heating and cooling to handle plastic boxes. 9. Boxes must be correctly stacked and spaced to permit free air movement around them. Each row of boxes should be locked with a bar running the total width of the vehicle to prevent any movement during the journey. 10. The vehicles will be given a rear plastic curtain to assist retain heat while chicks are being unloaded. 11. Chick delivery drivers must be trained and conscientious. Each driver should start the day with clean clothing and will transform fresh coveralls/footwear for every delivery. it\'s preferable for drivers to not enter the poultry house. 12. Power wash delivery vehicles with disinfectant on each return to the hatchery. Vehicles should carry a disinfectant spray in order that the wheels may be cleaned between farms if delivering to over one location in an exceedingly day. 13. Chick boxes returning to the hatchery denotes a high health risk. They must be kept separate and thoroughly washed and disinfected before re-use. - [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d87O4nFvWeY&pbjreload=101]](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d87O4nFvWeY&pbjreload=101) - [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tpCtcbBWco0]](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tpCtcbBWco0) Quality Assurance ----------------- 1. After the truck is positioned at the hatchery bay, open the door so as to receive the eggs from the trucks. Once the truck is docked, safely position the truck loading ramp so as to unload the trolleys. 2. Remove the trolleys with eggs from the truck and place them into the egg room. 3. Visually inspect the trolleys so as to check that the eggs have arrived in good condition, are well positioned on trays, are not dirty and don\'t present great damage (content leaking through trays). 4. After inspection, place the trolleys within the transfer room so as to further process the eggs Other measures that may be employed in order to identify and eliminate some hazards: 1. Eggs surface sampling -- to be tested microbiologically and for yeasts and molds 2. Monitoring temperature and humidity in trucks. 3. Use of a grading machine in transfer, in order to pick out the eggs and eliminate eggs with hairline crack. Chick Quality ------------- ### Methodology - Take 20 chicks indiscriminately from each origin. - Measure their length, from the purpose of the beak to the center toe (nail excluded). - Calculate the average and also the uniformity. - Record the results relative to the age of the donor flock, egg weight and incubation conditions. ### The Pasgar^©^ Score - Take at random 50 chicks from each origin. - Evaluate the subsequent parameters: - Chick vitality: - Lying on its back, it sits up immediately (score = 0). - It takes over 3 seconds to sit down up (score = 1) ### Navel - The navel is normal when it is completely closed and all the yolk is absorbed (score = 0). - If the navel is open and/or one can see a dried cord (score = 1). ### Hock joint - The hock joint is not enflamed and have a normal color (score = 0). - The hock joint is enflamed and/or red (score =1). ### Beak - The beak is clean and the nostrils are closed (score - The beak is dirty and/or has a red dot (score = 1). ### Abdomen - Soft abdomen (score = 0). - Hard abdomen, skin stretched (score = 1). ### Scoring - Record the scores for each of the parameters for each chick. - For each individual, add up the different scores and then deduct the results from the maximum score of 10. - Calculate the average. Optimum incubation conditions should give results on average of a minimum of 9 (by: Pas Reform)