Grade 11 Biology Unit 1 Short Notes PDF

[SHORT NOTES FOR GRADE 11 BIOLOGY:UNIT ONE ] PREPARED BY:Mr.GET! The sensors of electrical devices were imitations of biological neurons....

[SHORT NOTES FOR GRADE 11 BIOLOGY:UNIT ONE ] PREPARED BY:Mr.GET! The sensors of electrical devices were imitations of biological neurons. UNIT ONE: 9. A cutting saw was imitated from the nature of the BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY sharp teeth of animals. 10.Synthetic bulletproof vests are imitations of the spin Learning from nature silks of spiders. 11. Ceramics are an imitation of the nature of crack-  Nature: is the physical, natural and material world of resistant shellfish exoskeleton. life that exists without human intervention. 12. A robotic arm was imitated from an elephant trunk  Nature provides us with doable structures and forms which can be developed as functional and applicable Biology and technology mechanisms for various technological system.  The better their understanding the diverse nature of  Biology is the study of life: the structures, functions, biological materials, the better their ability to develop growth, origins, evolution and distribution of living technologies. organisms.  Using imitation of nature, they can sketch the  Technology is the application of scientific knowledge, biological structures, design functional mechanisms and skills, methods and processes for the production of tune into more efficient technologies at macro(large) devices and tools for scientific investigations. and nano (very small) scales through imitation.  The blend of biology and technology forms  The design and adaptation of many technologies we biotechnology, which is a technology that utilizes utilize today imitated natural working systems. biological systems to develop useful products.  Nature inspires scientists and engineers and serves as a  Biotechnology is the integration of natural and reliable source of knowledge, ideas and concepts from engineering sciences to achieve the application of which technologies can be developed. organisms, cells, parts and molecular analogues for products and services. Examples: people use  Examples of technology that imitates nature: yeasts to produce bread and beer 1. Swallow nests have inspired the house building The benefits of biology to technology design.  Here are just a few examples of the benefits of biology 2. Weaving technologies have been developed by to technology: studying the formation of spider webs. 1. Medicinal plants: Many biochemical 3. Buildings have been made through the imitation of substances in plants have been used to develop medicines. Scientists have imitated nature to the mound architecture of termites. These buildings develop artificial versions of the these mimic termite mound architecture that has chimneys biochemical substances. with constant temperature and humidity. 2. Gene engineering and biosynthetic 4. The first heavy aircraft technology was designed by materials: Scientists have imitated the nature imitating birds. Aircraft engineers of human, animal and plant genes. The uses of designed aircraft wings and their flight techniques by imitating genes include gene engineering tocure genetic conditions and the creation of biosynthetic imitating the wings of birds and bats materials to repair damaged body tissues. 5. Engineers imitating human eyes made the technology 3. Building design: Engineers have imitated of photograph camera. the mound architecture of termites in the 6. The movement of bio-robots was designed from the design of buildings with chimneys which have a movement of kangaroo. constant temperature and humidity. 7. Injection needle technology was copied from 4. Bullet train design: The noses (front) of mosquito proboscis bullet trains have been designed by engineers 1 IT IS NOT ABOUT HOW LOUD ,IT IS ABOUT HOW RIGHT !STAY STRONG! 2024 SUMMER PROGRAM  [SHORT NOTES FOR GRADE 11 BIOLOGY:UNIT ONE ] PREPARED BY:Mr.GET! imitating the shape of the beaks of kingfishers  An HIV test is a detector to identify infections with when they dive into water. the virus or not.  Microscopes used to magnify objects  Computer Information Technology Scanning Biological studies (CITS) is a device used for investigating Biological studies that use technological tools include: information on diseases or cancerous areas of the 1. Biochemical studies are helpful to investigate human body. information on carbohydrates, proteins, lipids  Computed Tomography scan (CT scan) is a and nucleic acids. sophisticated x-ray technology used to take 2. Biomedical studies deal with providing detailed of many X-ray pictures of the body, used to detect information on the chemical components of and screen for variety of diseases and medicinal plants. conditions 3. Biophysical studies are the science of using  Positron Emission Tomography (PET scan) is physical devices to gather biological information an imaging technology device used to at all scales of biological organization (molecular, check for diseases or information in areas with organismic, and populations). cancer in the human body. It uses a special 4. Environmental studies are a multidisciplinary dye containing radioactive tracers that is system dealing with the interactions of humans swallowed, inhaled, or injected into an arm vein with the environment. conditionally. It visualizes and measures changes in 5. Bioinformatics is a scientific discipline involving metabolic processes and physiological computer technology to collect, store, activities like blood flow, chemical composition, and analyze, and disseminate biological data and absorption. information (DNA and amino acid sequences).  Geographical Position System (GPS) is a 6. Bio geographical information is the study of the device used to collect bio geographical distribution of species along with geographic information (biological data) on landscape ecosystems through geological periods. mapping, plants, animals, and human movements  Hand held Body fat calculator device used to Technological Devices: measure body fat. The following are examples of technological devices:  A digital thermometer is an instrument used for Impacts of biology and technology measuring body temperatures on society and the natural world  A pregnancy urine test is a tool that checks if a woman is pregnant or not by detecting the The impact of biology refers to the effects arising from amount of the hormone Human Chorionic the advancement of biological knowledge Gonadotropin (HCG), produced in the placenta and innovations. around six to ten days after fertilization in either Examples: the urine (pee) or blood. The test result in one line  Ensuring food security as a result of an increase in is a control line showing negative (no pregnancy) productivity and the other line (two lines) confirms the  Medicine and disease treatments have resulted in existence pregnancy. improved health and longevity.  The diabetic blood test is a tool to measure the level of blood sugar taking sample blood  Achieving better supply of energy and clean water. from figure tip (Figure 1.8).  An increase in industrial production due to microbial action 2 IT IS NOT ABOUT HOW LOUD ,IT IS ABOUT HOW RIGHT !STAY STRONG! 2024 SUMMER PROGRAM  [SHORT NOTES FOR GRADE 11 BIOLOGY:UNIT ONE ] PREPARED BY:Mr.GET!  Creating antibiotics to treat bacterial infections Ethical treatment of animals in  Technological devices made from biological materials experiments by biological information Unethical treatments of animals in research include advancements to provide services that influence, treat, approaches which expose animals to rigorous and control the society and the experiment that may injure or cause pain to animals. natural world negatively or positively. Researchers must reduce impacts of unethical  Biological weapon production and use destroy the treatments of animals through the three Rs natural world. principles described below (Reduction,  Practicing a predetermined limit to have only boys (XY Refinement, and Replacement). males) and avoid (XX females) of child sex chromosomes affects the society and the natural world Reduction aims to minimize the number of will lead to the loss of females. animals used in experiments by improving experimental techniques and sharing information HARMFUL IMPACYS OF USING BIOLOGY with others. AND TECHNOLOGY Refinement is cleansing experiments in a way Technological products and their applications in various that enables to reduce suffering of animals fields of study have solved societal problems and had using less invasive techniques, better medical care, significant societal and environmental impacts. and better living conditions However, industrialization and subsequent technological Replacement is substituting experiments on advancements have resulted in the misuse and destruction animals with alternative techniques using cell of our natural environment. These technologies have cultures instead of whole animals, biosynthesis, damaged our world in two main ways through pollution and and computer simulated models. the depletion of natural resources. THE END Examples: 1. Industrial emissions and effluents pollute clean air and drinking water. 2. Biochemical agents, pesticides, and fertilizers cause toxicity and biohazards Ethical issues in biology  Ethical issues in biology are those issues that arise concerning the rightness or wrongness of using biological discoveries for the health and wellbeing of humans.  Ethical issues in biology deal with a variety of concerns related to biotechnology, medicine, and the environment including, the rightness or wrongness of using biotechnological information, products, or devices on human health and lifestyles and livelihood. 3 IT IS NOT ABOUT HOW LOUD ,IT IS ABOUT HOW RIGHT !STAY STRONG! 2024 SUMMER PROGRAM