UST General Santos Laboratory Biosafety & Biosecurity PDF

PRAYER BEFORE CLASS Holy Spirit, Divine Creator, true source of light and fountain of wisdom! Pour forth your brilliance upon my dense intellect, dissipate the darkness which covers me, that of sin and of ignorance. Grant me a penetrating mind to understand, a retentive memory, method and ease of le...

PRAYER BEFORE CLASS Holy Spirit, Divine Creator, true source of light and fountain of wisdom! Pour forth your brilliance upon my dense intellect, dissipate the darkness which covers me, that of sin and of ignorance. Grant me a penetrating mind to understand, a retentive memory, method and ease of learning, the lucidity to comprehend, and abundant grace in expressing myself. Guide the beginning of my work, direct its progress and bring it to successful completion. This I ask through Jesus Christ, true God, and true man, living and reigning with You and the Father, forever and ever. Amen.  UST General Santos Medical Technology Department LABORATORY BIOSAFETY AND BIOSECURITY PRINCIPLES OF MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY PRACTICE 1 Outline PART I PART II History of Laboratory Biosafety and Biosecurity Chain of Infection Different Organizations in the Field of Biosafety Classification of Microorganisms According to Risk Basic Concepts on Laboratory Biosafety and Groups Biosecurity Classification of Biosafety Cabinets Categories of Laboratory Biosafety According to Levels PART III Laboratory Hazards and Accidents Standard Precautions Safe Use and Storage of Chemicals and Reagents Learning Outcomes At the end of the unit, the student must be able to: Articulate the importance of biosafety and biosecurity in the field of health sciences.  UST General Santos Why do we need to implement laboratory safety precautions?  UST General Santos BRIEF HISTORY LABORATORY BIOSAFETY AND BIOSECURITY  Brief History of Laboratory Biosafety 1943 US President Franklin Roosevelt Beginning of US biological weapons program Brief History of Laboratory Biosafety 1943 1943 US President Franklin Ira L. Baldwin Roosevelt Established biological weapons program US biological weapons program Biosafety was an inherent component of biological weapons development Brief History of Laboratory Biosafety After WW2 Newell A. Johnson Modified biosafety design Developed specific technical solutions Brief History of Laboratory Biosafety After WW2 1984 Biosafety was an inherent component of American Biological biological weapons development Safety Association Newell A. Johnson Modified biosafety design Developed specific technical solutions Brief History of Laboratory Biosafety 1966 Arnold Wedum and Morton Reitman Analyzed multiple epidemiological studies of laboratory-based outbreaks Brief History of Laboratory Biosafety 1966 1967 Arnold Wedum and Consolidation of remaining smallpox virus Morton Reitman to two location Analyzed multiple 1. Center for Disease and Control and epidemiological studies of Prevention in US laboratory-based 2. State Research Center of Virology outbreaks and Biotechnology in Russia Brief History of Laboratory Biosafety 1974 CDC → Classification of Etiological Agents on the Basis of Hazard Brief History of Laboratory Biosafety 1974 1976 CDC → Classification of NIH Guidelines for Research Involving Etiological Agents on the Recombinant DNA Molecules Basis of Hazard Brief History of Laboratory Biosafety 1983-1984 WHO → Laboratory Safety Manual CDC & NIH → Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories Brief History of Laboratory Biosafety 1983-1984 1994 WHO → Laboratory Safety Manual Arnold Wedum Recognized as one of the pioneers of CDC & NIH → Biosafety in Microbiological biosafety and Biomedical Laboratories Brief History of Laboratory Biosafety 1907-1908 Arnold Wedum Described the use of mechanical pipettors Ventilated Cabinets Brief History of Laboratory Biosafety 1907-1908 1909 Arnold Wedum Ventilated cabinets to prevent Described the use of infection from Mycobacterium mechanical pipettors tuberculosis Brief History of Laboratory Biosecurity 1996 US Government enacted the Select Agent Regulations Brief History of Laboratory Biosecurity 1996 2001 US Government enacted the Select Agent Anthrax Attacks or Amerithrax Regulations Revision of Select Agent Regulations Brief History of Laboratory Biosecurity 2005 Singapore’s Biological Agents and Toxins Act Same with US but with harsher penalty Brief History of Laboratory Biosecurity 2005 2005 Singapore’s Biological Agents and Toxins Act South Korea’s Act on Prevention Infectious Same with US but with harsher penalty Diseases “Highly dangerous pathogens” Brief History of Laboratory Biosecurity Japan’s Infectious Disease Control Law Four schedules of select agents Brief History of Laboratory Biosecurity Japan’s Infectious Disease Control Law Canadian Containment Level 3 and 4 Four schedules of select agents Required to undergo certification Brief History of Laboratory Biosecurity 2008 Danish Parliament Ministry of Health and Prevention authorized to regulate the possession, manufacture, use, storage, sale, purchase, or other transfer, distribution, transport, and disposal.  UST General Santos GUIDELINES LABORATORY BIOSAFETY AND BIOSECURITY Comite Europeen de Normalisation (CEN) Published CEN Workshop Agreement 15793 ○ Laboratory biorisk management ○ Developed among experts from 24 differents countries ○ Updated in 2011, but officially expired in 2014 WHO Laboratory Biosafety Manual Biosafety guidance for research and health laboratories Contents ○ Biosafety levels ○ Types of biological safety cabinets ○ Microbiological technique ○ Disinfection ○ Sterilization ○ Packaging and safety procedures for chemicals, electrical, ionizing radiation, and fire hazards Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety Ensure “an adequate level of protection in the field of safe transfer, handling, and use of living modified organisms resulting from modern biotechnology” Assess the risk of LMOs Ensure that LMOs do not negatively affect biodiversity National Committee on Biosafety of the Philippines Established under E.O. 430 series of 1990 Interdepartmental committee ○ DOH ○ DA ○ DOST ○ DENR Focuses on organizational structure for biosafety ○ Procedures for evaluation of proposals with biosafety concerns ○ Procedures and guidelines on the introduction, movement, and filed release of regulated materials ○ Procedures on physicochemical and biological containment Executive Order 514 Establishment of National Biosafety Framework ○ Apply to the development, adoption, and implementation of all biosafety policies, measures, guidelines, and in making biosafety decisions Guidelines for implementation of NBF Strengthening the National Committee on Biosafety of the Philippines DA Administrative Order No. 8 Policies on importation and release of plants and plant products derived from modern biotechnology Department of Health Together with NCBP, formulated guidelines Requires clinical laboratories to ensure policy guidelines on laboratory biosafety and biosecurity (DOH AO No. 2007-0027)  UST General Santos DIFFERENT ORGANIZATIONS IN THE FIELD OF BIOSAFETY LABORATORY BIOSAFETY AND BIOSECURITY American Biological Safety Association (ABSA) - Promotes biosafety and biosecurity as a scientific discipline and provides guidance to its members on the regulatory regime present in North America Asia-Pacific Biosafety Association (A-PBA) - Professional society for biosafety professionals in Asia-Pacific Region. European Biological Safety Association (EBSA) - Provide a forum for discussions and debates on issues of concerns and to represent those working in the field of biosafety Philippine Biosafety and Biosecurity Association (PhBBA) - To assist the DA and DOH to create a national policy and implement plan for laboratory biosafety and biosecurity. Biological Risk Association Philippines (BRAP) - To serve emergent concerns of biological risk management in various professional fields  UST General Santos BASIC CONCEPTS LABORATORY BIOSAFETY AND BIOSECURITY  UST General Santos Biosafety - Measures undertaken to protect workers from hazards and prevent the spread of hazardous agents from the laboratory Biosecurity - Ensures the safe use and security of biological materials in laboratories  UST General Santos Biosafety - Laboratory procedures and practices necessary to prevent exposure to and acquisition of infections Biosecurity - Maintenance of secure procedures and practices in handling biological materials and sensitive information  UST General Santos “Biosafety protects people from germs. Biosecurity protects germs from people” Formative Assessment 1. Who established the biological weapons program? a. Ira Baldwin b. Newell Johnson c. Arnold Wedum d. Franklin Roosevelt Formative Assessment 1. Who established the biological weapons program? a. Ira Baldwin b. Newell Johnson c. Arnold Wedum d. Franklin Roosevelt Formative Assessment 2. Contains the policies on importation and release of plants and plant products derived from modern biotechnology a. DA A.O. No. 8 b. DOH A.O. No. 2007-0027 c. NCBP d. Laboratory Safety Manual Formative Assessment 2. Contains the policies on importation and release of plants and plant products derived from modern biotechnology a. DA A.O. No. 8 b. DOH A.O. No. 2007-0027 c. NCBP d. Laboratory Safety Manual Formative Assessment 3. Measures undertaken to protect workers from hazards and prevent the spread of hazardous agents from the laboratory Formative Assessment 3. Measures undertaken to protect workers from hazards and prevent the spread of hazardous agents from the laboratory BIOSAFETY Formative Assessment 4. Refers to protection, control, and accountability for valuable biological materials within laboratories in order to prevent their unauthorized access, theft, loss, or misuse. Formative Assessment 4. Refers to protection, control, and accountability for valuable biological materials within laboratories in order to prevent their unauthorized access, theft, loss, or misuse. BIOSECURITY Other Learning Activities INDIVIDUAL: Make a video demonstrating the WHO guidelines for donning and doffing personal protective equipment. Rubrics will be uploaded on CANVAS Video length: 3-5 minutes Video orientation: Portrait DEADLINE: October 18, 2024 12:00 noon References Benitez, P., Dumaoal, O., Estrella, F., Mortel, F., Nava, M. (2019). Principles of Medical Laboratory Science 1. C and E Publishing, Inc. National Committee on Biosafety of the Philippines: https://ncbp.dost.gov.ph/about-ncbp/#composition Dominican Blessing May God the Father bless us May God the Son heal us May God the Holy Spirit enlighten us Give us eyes to see with, ears to hear with, hands to do the work of God with, feet to walk with, and mouth to preach the word of salvation with; And may the angel of peace watch over us, and lead us at last by the Lord’s gift of the kingdom. Amen.