Unit 2 Review Sheet PDF

Unit 2 Test Topics Below is a brief list of topics that can appear on the test. Test Breakdown: Total 32 Marks Part 1: Multiple Choice & True/False: 10 Marks Part 2: Long Answer Question: 6 Ma...

Unit 2 Test Topics Below is a brief list of topics that can appear on the test. Test Breakdown: Total 32 Marks Part 1: Multiple Choice & True/False: 10 Marks Part 2: Long Answer Question: 6 Marks Part 3: Short Answer Questions: 6 Marks Part 4: Climate Graph 4 Marks Part 5: Climate Analysis 6 Marks Lesson 1: Earth Structure & Geological History - What is a theory A Theory is an estimated guess. - Earth’s 4 geological eras Precambarian, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic. - Composition of the earth - Crust, Mantle, and the Core. Lesson 2: Plate Tectonics & Continental drift - Alfred Wegener The man that came up with continental drift theory. - Continental Drift theory The theory that, once there was only one island on earth called “Pangea”. - Tuzo Wilson Nobody believed Alfred Wegener, so Tuzo Wilson explained from his work that the tectonic plates move from convection currents. - Plate Tectonic theory The theory where the tectonic plates moved. - Convection currents Convection currents are caused by magma getting shot up to the surface. This causes rock to circulate away from the magma and go back, causing a cycle. - Plate boundaries When tectonic plates meet.  There are 3 types of plate boundaries, Convergent boundaries(older plate slides under the new plate, creating mountains), Divergent boundaries(Plates move away from each other, creating mid-ocean ridges), and transform boundaries(They move adjacent to each other). - Mountain formation processes Convergent Boundary plates move towards each other and slide under and over each other, making mountains. Lesson 3: Earthquakes, Volcanoes, & Tsunamis - What causes earthquakes When tectonic plates move adjacent to each other, they can create a force that can cause earthquakes. - What causes volcanic activity When the magma gets shot up from the core(also creates convection currents), it creates a hotspot which is volcanic activity. - Pacific Ring of Fire This is a horseshoe shaped zone around the pacific ocean. It’s quite famous because of how much earthquakes and volcano activity is in that area. - What causes Hot Spots Magma that gets shot up to the surface. Lesson 4: Rock Cycle, Weathering/Erosion/Deposition, Canadian Landform Regions - Rock types The Igneous rocks(Formed from cooling magma), Sedimentary rocks(formed from accumulated sediments), and Metamorphic rocks (formed from the transformation of existing rocks under heat.) - Explain W.E.D. and how it creates sediment Weathering breaks down the old rocks, and erosion places that broken material elsewhere, and Deposition turns that broken material back into a rock by settling the particles. - Canada’s 8 landform regions Canadian Shield, Western Cordillera, Appalachian Mountains, Innuitian Mountains, St. Lawrence Lowlands, Interior Plains, Arctic Hudson Bay Lowlands, and Hudson Bay Lowlands. - 3 landform region types Areas of lowlands surrounding the Canadian Shield Areas of highlands surrounding the Canadian Shield Canada has many different landform regions. Lesson 5: Climate Regions & LOWERN - What is the difference between weather and climate? Weather is short-term, as it can only be predicted from recent days. Climate is long-term, as from patterns and trends you can see climate change from a specific region. - How many climate regions does Canada have, which do we live in? 7(Pacific Maritime, Cordilleran, Prairie, Boreal, Arctic, Southeastern, and Atlantic Maritime.) We live in the southeastern climate region. - Factors that affect climate (LOWERN) L = Latitude O = Ocean currents W = Wind masses E = Elevation R = Relief N = Near water Lesson 6: Climate Graphs - How to read a climate graph Precipitation and temperature - How to calculate: o Average annual temperature Add all average monthly and divide by 12 o Temperature range Subtract Highest temperature to Lowest o Maritime or continental temperature range Maritime 25C o Total precipitation Add all average month precipitation o Maritime or continental precipitation Maritime >1000mm Continental