Unit 1 The Nature of Academic Texts.pdf

Unit 1: The Nature of Academic Texts Lesson 1 Structure of Academic Texts What do building blocks signify in writing? Why should a reader know the essential parts of an academic text? Learning Objectives Identify the structures of paragraphs, essays, a...

Unit 1: The Nature of Academic Texts Lesson 1 Structure of Academic Texts What do building blocks signify in writing? Why should a reader know the essential parts of an academic text? Learning Objectives Identify the structures of paragraphs, essays, and research papers. Construct short paragraphs and essays. Structures of Paragraphs paragraph -collection of sentences that deal mostly with one topic or idea at a time. How does knowing the parts ensure better comprehension of the text? Structures of paragraphs Topic sentence Supporting Parts of sentences the Concluding and/or paragraph: transitional sentences Structures of paragraphs Topic Sentence: presents the main point of the paragraph. Supporting Sentences: support the main idea of the paragraph. Structures of paragraphs Transitional sentences: paves the way to the next idea in the next paragraph Concluding sentences: closes out the main idea by summing up the main idea Structures of paragraphs Different patterns of development include: Illustration Definition Classification Comparison and Contrast Process  outlining Sentence Outline and Topic Outline  sentence outlining The formal outline of your final research paper will present your thesis, the major points in support of that thesis, and the sub-points supporting each major point. It may have additional levels of sub-sub- points if you feel that is necessary.  sentence outlining The basic idea of a formal outline is that different types of letters or numbers (I, A, 1, a, i) represent different levels of the hierarchy of your paper, and sub-levels are indented below main levels.  sentence outlining I. This is the first main point A. This is the first sub-point under I B. This is the second sub-point under I 1. Sub-point B has its own sub-points 2. But you only list them if there were more than one  sentence outlining II. Here’s the second main point A. It has two sub-points B. But this one has no sub-sub points  sentence outlining III. Here’s the third main point A. This is the first sub-point under III B. This is the second sub-point under III 1. Sub-point B has its own sub-points 2. But you only list them if there were more than one  TOPIC outlining - arranges your ideas hierarchically (showing which are main and which are sub-points), in the sequence you want, and shows what you will talk about. As the name implies, it identifies all the little mini-topics that your paper will comprise, and shows how they relate. I. Family Problems A. Custodial/Non-custodial conflicts B. Extended Family C. Adolescent’s Age II. Economic Problems A. Child Support B. Women’s Job Training C. Lower Standard of Living D. Possible Relocation a. Poorer Neighborhood b. New School III. Peer Problems A. Loss of Friends B. Relationship with Dates  What are possible strategies writers can use to develop cohesive paragraphs? structure of three-part essay  introduction Introduces the Places the topic Provides topic into context Describes how Points out the background the aim will be aim of the text information fulfilled Explains why the Catches the Suggests what topic could be readers’ the findings are considered interesting interest  body Presents Content evidence to -Research and support the data are thesis presented statement -Data is analyzed Can be -Data is discussed broken down thoroughly into parts  CONCLUSION Restates the Wraps up No new thesis the essay material statement should be Wraps up the essay presented  CONCLUSION The conclusion should not have the exact same thesis statement as the one in the introduction. It is best to reword it in the conclusion. Benedicto Cabrera, also known more famously as BenCab, is a Filipino painter. He was deemed as a Filipino National Artist for painting in 2006, and considered as one of the best selling painters of his time. BenCab has a museum in Baguio, a place that inspired many of his works. The BenCab museum has many of Cabrera’s work in addition to his personal collection of the work of other Filipino artists. The museum has exhibits that display the culture of the Cordilleras. The many displays of art manifest BenCab’s talents and his appreciation for local art as well. With the BenCab museum situated in the Cordilleras, it has become a site that people can visit and experience when they visit Baguio. They have opportunities to see BenCab’s collections and his work, which can also inspire others to appreciate Filipino art. Though almost everyone recognizes dreamcatchers, little know the origin and its significance in the local culture. The dreamcatcher is more than just a decorative piece. The dreamcatcher is an interesting object with an even more interesting history. The dreamcatcher originated from Native North America, most specifically the Ojibwe. There is no exact date of its invention, but it became mainstream by the 1980s. Traditionally, they were thought to be objects for protection for babies and were hung over their cradles. As many people know today, it was often believed that they could protect the dreams of infants, as the spiderweb-like design was to “catch” the evil spirits and keep them stuck on the dreamcatchers. The dreamcatcher’s history and original purpose is fascinating and gives more value to the object. The dreamcatcher is a decorative piece for many people, but its origins make it all the more impressive. How does knowing the structure of essays help reading comprehension?  structure of three-part essay Everyone has an opportunity to be an app developer, or one who develops apps for smartphones. Though it may seem too “techie” for some, the possibility for app development has become endless. There is no need to go through it alone, as many companies are willing to help dreamers achieve their goals.  structure of three-part essay App development is a profitable business, as manifested through the various companies willing to help out those who are interested. In the Philippines, the names Adroit Apps, Ltd. and Arcanys are topic companies that aim to develop apps. These kinds of companies have specific aims for business but share the common goal of developing apps for people.  structure of three-part essay If developing apps and serving people while making money is one goal, it is best to get in contact and apply to app development companies. In this day and age, this kind of job may be beneficial for all, and the process is an essential learning experience for professional development. What is the best way to identify the main idea in a three-part essay?  Structuring IMRaD IMRaD stands for Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion IMRaD aims to discuss research topics, explaining the topic and its intended purpose. Structuring IMRaD: Introduction Contains the context of the study and address what the study will entail Can include the background of the study rather than an introduction Should include the aim(s) of the study  Structuring IMRaD: methods Includes: explanation of research aims and research questions were fulfilled or answered methods used to collect data and ways to analyze the said data the research design for the entire study Structuring IMRaD: results Objectively presents results from the data collected and analyzed Data can be presented in charts, figures, and tables Structuring IMRaD: discussion Reminds readers of the topic of the study Analyzes and discusses presented results introduction Listening to music may be a positive experience for many junior high school students while they study for major subjects.  methods Though there have not been many studies that show a relationship between the two variables, this particular study aimed to determine how junior high school students feel while they listen to particular genres of music while studying for major exams.  methods The methods for the research consisted of interviewing JHS students about their experiences and opinions of music and their study habits. The researchers also utilized a questionnaire given to 20 JHS students.  result Expected results showed that JHS students felt that listening to music, no matter the genre, was helpful, and there are perceived effects that it helped them do better on the tests academically. There should be further studies to see if there is a true relationship between listening to music and better study habits.  Why should recommendations be included in the results of the IMRaD?  INTRODUCTION In the Philippines, there has been a noticeable shift from the use of plastic shopping bags to more environmentally- friendly bags. Eco-bags are bags that can be reused and can include but are not limited to, canvas bags, paper bags, bayong, and mesh-cloth bags.  METHODS In the study conducted, a survey of 138 college students answered that because the province of Cavite has encouraged the use of eco-bags, a large number of the sample population maximize the utilization of eco-bags while shopping.  STRUCTURING IMRAD Significant factors that influenced the respondents included the implementation of the laws and awareness of the harmfulness of plastics on the environment.  STRUCTURING IMRAD Further studies should explore why other factors, such a promotion of private corporations in the Philippines, are not significant in the utilization of eco- bags for shopping.  STRUCTURING IMRAD Be precise and concise with the words and language used to present information. Being direct- to-the-point is a characteristic of academic writing. QUESTIONS? Why is it recommended to use transitional sentences in between paragraphs for the 3-part essay? Why should an introduction in IMRaD give background to the study? What are the different ways to identify cohesion in any kind of written text? Write a scenario about the photo with two other students. Each student should write only one part: introduction, middle, or ending. write a scenario about the photo with two other students. Each student should write only one part: introduction, middle, or ending.  wrap up Knowing the structure of an essay can help a reader comprehend the text. Paragraph development and the three-part essay are broken into the following parts: introduction, body, and conclusion.  wrap up The IMRaD structure is broken into the following parts: Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion, and Conclusion.  BIBLIOGRAPHY “The IMRaD Format.” Search Write, December 19, 2017. https://sokogskriv.no/en/writing/structure-and-argumentation/the-imrad-format/. “The Structure of Academic Texts.” Lnu.se. Accessed February 25, 2020. https://lnu.se/en/library/Writing-and-referencing/the-structure-of-academic-texts/. “The Structure of Academic Texts.” Karolinska Institutet Universitetsbiblioteket. Accessed February 25, 2020. https://kib.ki.se/en/write-cite/academic- writing/structure-academic-texts. “Traditional Academic Essays in Three Parts.” Penn State Abington. Accessed February 25, 2020. https://abington.psu.edu/traditional-academic-essays-three-parts. “Writing a Scientific Research Report (IMRaD).” The Writing Center. Accessed February 25, 2020. https://writingcenter.gmu.edu/guides/writing-an-imrad-report.