Unit 1- Analyse Participant Pre-exercise screening data PDF

Fitness Testing & (SM53002FP) Programme Design  Overview 1 Explain purpose of fitness testing and design for sport and activity 2 Describe Code of Conduct, PPE and image relevant to sport and fitness professionals Pre-test procedures 3 Describe key considerations when adminis...

Fitness Testing & (SM53002FP) Programme Design  Overview 1 Explain purpose of fitness testing and design for sport and activity 2 Describe Code of Conduct, PPE and image relevant to sport and fitness professionals Pre-test procedures 3 Describe key considerations when administering tests: Pre-test procedures – informed consent from participant, calibration of equipment test protocols Reliability, validity and practicality of tests Recording test results Screening processes 4 Explain purpose of conducting a pre-participation screening 5 Describe procedures for briefing participant for fitness assessment Communication style 6 Describe important communication, personal and inter-personal skills for handling participant during fitness testing 7 Describe questioning and listening techniques to use during a participant interview 8 Screening forms  Overview 8 Explain how to establish rapport with participant to help promote a sense of ease and trust Screening forms 9 Explain purpose of health assessment form 10 Identify range and types of questions in questionnaire 11 Identify components in a physical activity readiness questionnaire and how to Interpret them 12 Describe legal considerations, regulations and requirements for handling confidential information: Informed consent form Data protection Participant confidentiality Use and storage of participant information Tools and methods 13 Describe tools and methods to conduct fitness appraisals that enable participant fitness capabilities to be assessed accurately.  Overview Describe protocols of assessments, equipment and operating knowledge required for health monitoring tests: Blood pressure Resting heart rate Body Mass Index (BMI) Waist to hip ratio 15 Describe procedure for measuring and computing heart rate 16 Describe procedure for using Blood Pressure monitor and reading measurements Interpretation of results 17 Explain how to interpret health monitoring tests against normative data and make recommendations Fitness goals 18 Describe typical fitness goals of participant. 19 Explain factors that may influence participant’s needs and goals 1. Purpose of Fitness Testing & Design Evaluation of an individual’s baseline physical fitness capabilities through a series of testing done for each health and fitness related components of a client or an athlete.  Evaluation of an individual’s baseline physical fitness capabilities through a series of testing done for each health and fitness related components of a client or an athlete Fitness Program Design When designing a program it is often focused on balance of exercises, taking into consideration the fitness components and creative mindset that will help meet the needs and goals.  Periodization Program design requires Periodization which is a systematic organization of training periods/phases (measured in time) to facilitate the most efficient path from goal setting to goal attainment. Four elements of good program design are: Safe Effective Efficient Enjoyable  Code of Conduct Provide safe and effective instruction. Provide equal and fair treatment to all clients. Stay up-to-date on the latest health and fitness research and understand its practical pplication. Maintain current CPR and AED certificates and knowledge of first-aid services. Comply with all applicable business, employment and intellectual property laws. Uphold and enhance public appreciation and trust for the health and fitness industry. Maintain the confidentiality of all client information. Refer clients to more qualified health or medical professionals when appropriate. Establish and maintain clear professional boundaries. Pre-Test Measures Perform screening of health risks and obtain informed consent. Record test conditions, such as date, weather, surface, equipment used (see more about environmental conditions) Record basic subject information, such name, age,height, body weight, gender. Obtain resting heart rate and blood pressure measurements. Here is a list of many of the steps that should be considered. Prepare Equipment Prepare forms for recording results. Check that all of the required equipment is at hand and functional. Calibrate the equipment if required. Adjust equipment to suit the subject (e.g. adjust cycle ergometer seat height) Ensure the equipment and testing area is safe from hazards. Have first-aid equipment nearby and an emergency procedure prepared. Validity and Reliability The validity and reliability of tests is important in the assessment of skill and performance. Tests are often used to check performance improvements Test Procedures Some guidelines when deciding on what order to conduct the test. These are guidelines that can be used to determine the best order in your situation. There are other factors to consider such as logistics of getting from one test location to another, group sizes, number of assessor, and time constraints. Whatever order is used should be recorded and made consistent for future testing sessions. Health Checks Blood pressure, Resting heart rate, BMI and Waist to Hip Ratio Should always be tested first while the person is fully rested. Anthropometry Anthropometry is the science of obtaining systematic measurements of the human body. To obtain anthropometric measurements, a variety of specialized tools are used: ❑Stadiometers: height ❑Anthropometers: length and circumference of body segments ❑Biocondylar calipers: bone diameter ❑Skinfold calipers: skin thickness and subcutaneous fat ❑Scales: weight Flexibility: Depending on whether the test protocol requires a warm up or not, the flexibility tests should be scheduled early in the session prior to any activity, or after a thorough warm up or after the speed tests. Speed / Power tests Power tests are usually performed first, followed by speed, agility, strength, muscle endurance and, finally, cardiorespiratory or repeat sprint tests. A thorough warm-up should precede any speed and power test. The vertical jump test may be performed prior to the sprint test Muscle Strength: Muscle strength (1-10RM) tests should always be completed prior to muscle endurance tests, but after the speed and power tests. Muscular Endurance: A minimum break of five minutes is recommended between muscle strength and muscle endurance tests. If there are several muscular strength and endurance tests in one session, you must allow plenty of time for recovery between tests. Aerobic Fitness: Many of the submaximal aerobic tests are based on a heart rate response may be affected by previous tests and by the mental state of the athlete, and should be scheduled accordingly. Fatiguing maximal exercise tests, such as a VO2max or beep test and repeat sprint tests, should always be scheduled at the end of a session. If the protocol includes both a repeat sprint test and a maximal aerobic test, it is usually wise to have these in separate sessions. Communication style 5.1 Nonverbal communication includes the following: - Eye contact: - Facial expressions: - Aim to convey sincere emotion. - Portray a genuine display of positive regard for clients. - Continue to display concern, thoughtfulness, and/or enjoyment. Communication style Hand gestures: - Use relaxed, fluid hand gestures when speaking. - A personal trainer’s hands should be quiet when listening. Communication style (Body position) - An open, well-balanced, erect body position communicates confidence. - Good posture serves as a symbol of professional expertise. - When seated in discussion, lean slightly forward with arms uncrossed. - Many other behaviors serve as forms of communication: - Avoid interruptions (i.e., phone calls or other tasks), as this communicates a lack of professionalism and attentiveness. How to establish rapport with participant to help promote a sense of ease and trust. Rapport − a relationship marked by mutual understanding and trust Rapport − a relationship marked by mutual understanding and trust Investigation – reviewing clients’ health and fitness data, test results, medical clearance information, and goals and exercise history Planning – designing an exercise program in partnership with the client, using both listening and teaching skills Action – when clients are ready to begin working out and have the ability to effectively learn new motor skills Questioning Technique Open questions – asking open-ended questions helps you understand the clients’ viewpoint and draws out their feelings about a particular topic or situation. Open questions typically begin with ‘what’, ‘where’, ‘when’, ‘how’ and ‘who’. For example, you might ask a client: a) “What do you think stops you from …” b) “Where do you normally …” c) “When do you …” d) “How do you feel when …” e) “Who do you think might be able to …” Guides to Fitness Goals Understand the goals Set short term and long-term goals Develop measurable goals Develop specific plan Reward when necessary. Factors that may influence participant’s needs and goals Individual differences Age Gender Previous experience Environmental Factors Energy level. Lifestyle.. Legal Consideration Personal trainers have an obligation to ensure that the physical environment (fitness center, home, outdoors) is free from unreasonable hazards Informed consent An informed consent form can be utilized by a personal trainer to demonstrate that a client acknowledges that he or she has been specifically informed about the risks associated with the activity in which he or she is about to engage. ✓Should detail the possible discomforts involved and potential alternatives ✓Demonstrates that a client acknowledges he or she has been specifically informed about these risks ✓It should be combined with oral communication, prepares the client for the positive and negative effects of certain types of exercise. Negligence Involves failing to perform as a reasonable and prudent person would under similar circumstances. A reasonable and prudent person is someone who adheres to the established standard of care. A negligent act can occur if a trainer fails to act (act of omission) or acts inappropriately. Qualified Personal training certification indicates that a trainer has demonstrated an acceptable level of competence and understanding of the established standards.Since standards of care can and do change, personal trainers must stay abreast of new guidelines Factors that may influence participant’s needs and goals Goal setting is a powerful tool, if it is applied and executed appropriately. To assist your clients in the goal setting process you can use the following guiding principles to set and achieve quality goals. Step 1. Investigate Step 2: Identify Behaviors Step 3: The SMART-ER Method for Personal Trainer Goal Setting Step 4: Write Down the Goals Step 5: Identifying & Overcoming Obstacles  Singapore, the Personal Data Protection Act (PDPA) In Singapore, the Personal Data Protection Act (PDPA) establishes a data protection law that comprises various rules governing the collection, use, disclosure and care of personal data. It recognises both the rights of individuals to protect their personal data, including rights of access and correction, and the needs of organisations to collect, use or disclose personal data for legitimate and reasonable purposes. The PDPA provides for the establishment of a national Do Not Call (DNC) Registry. The DNC Registry allows individuals to register their Singapore telephone numbers to opt out of receiving marketing phone calls, mobile text messages such as SMS or MMS, and faxes from organisations. To find out more on the guidelines for the different sectors, go to PDPA’s website at https://www.pdpc.gov.sg/Legislation-and- Guidelines/Guidelines/Other-Guides Collection and storage of participant information. While collecting relevant data about participants in a programme, the proper storage medium has to be clearly defined. For example, the storage of participants’ information on a database has to have the necessary security measures in place in order