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UPPER EXTREMITIES IONA SHOULDER COMPLEX MUSCLES (SHOULDER GIRDLE) Muscle Insertion Origin Nerve Supply Action Occipital bone, Spinal accessory Outer 3rd of...

UPPER EXTREMITIES IONA SHOULDER COMPLEX MUSCLES (SHOULDER GIRDLE) Muscle Insertion Origin Nerve Supply Action Occipital bone, Spinal accessory Outer 3rd of Scapular elevation Upper Trapezius nuchal ligament (CN XI), C3 & C4 clavicle, acromion and upward Muscle on upper cervical sensory process rotation spinous process component Spinal accessory Middle Trapezius Spinous processes (CN XI), C3 & C4 Scapular Muscle (prime Scapular spine of C7 though T3 sensory retraction mover) component Spinous processes Spinal accessory Scapular Lower Trapezius Base of the of middle and (CN XI), C3 & C4 depression and Muscle scapular spine lower thoracic sensory upward rotation vertebrae component Vertebral border Transverse 3rd and 4th cervical of scapula Scapular elevation Levator Scapula processes of first nerves and dorsal between the and downward Muscle four cervical scapular nerve superior angle rotation vertebrae (C5) and spine Scapular Vertebral border retraction, Rhomboid of scapula Spinous processes Dorsal scapular elevation, and Muscles between the spine of C7 through T5 nerve (C5) downward and inferior angle rotation Vertebral border Lateral surface of Scapular Serratus Anterior Long thoracic of the scapula, the eight upper protraction and Muscle nerve (C5, C6, C7) anterior surface ribs upward rotation Scapular Anterior surface, depression, Pectoralis Minor Coracoid process Medial pectoral 3rd through 5th protraction, Muscle of the scapula nerve (C8, T1) ribs downward rotation, and tilt SHOULDER COMPLEX MUSCLES (SHOULDER JOINT) Muscle Insertion Origin Nerve Supply Action Shoulder abduction, flexion, Anterior Deltoid Lateral 3rd of the Axillary nerve (C5, Deltoid tuberosity medial rotation, Muscle clavicle C6) and horizontal abduction Middle Deltoid Axillary nerve (C5, Shoulder Deltoid tuberosity Acromion process Muscle C6) abduction Shoulder abduction, extension, Posterior Deltoid Axillary nerve (C5, Deltoid tuberosity Spine of scapula hyperextension, Muscle C6) lateral rotation, horizontal abduction Pectoralis Major Lateral lip of Medial 3rd of Shoulder flexion – Muscle, Clavicular bicipital groove of n/a clavicle first 60 degrees Portion humerus  Shoulder Pectoralis Major Lateral lip of Sternum, costal extension – first Muscle, Sternal bicipital groove of cartilage of first n/a 60 degrees (from Portion humerus six ribs 180 degrees to 120 degrees) Shoulder Pectoralis Major Lateral and medial adduction, medial Muscle, Clavicular pectoral nerve n/a n/a rotation, and and Sternal (C5, C6, C7, C8, horizontal Portions T1) adduction Spinous processes of T7 through L5 Shoulder Medial floor of (via dorsolumbar extension, Latissimus Dorsi Thoracodorsal bicipital groove of fascia), posterior adduction, medial Muscle nerve (C6, C7, C8) humerus surface of sacrum, rotation, and ilia crest, and hyperextension lower three ribs Crest below lesser Shoulder tubercle inferior Axillary border of Lower Teres Major extension, to the latissimus scapula near the subscapular nerve Muscle adduction, and dorsi muscle inferior angle (C5, C6, C7) medial rotation attachment Supraspinous Supraspinatus Greater tubercle Suprascapular Shoulder fossa of the Muscle of the humerus nerve (C5, C6) abduction scapula Shoulder lateral Infraspinatus Greater tubercle Infraspinous fossa Suprascapular rotation, Muscle of humerus of scapula nerve (C5, C6) horizontal abduction Shoulder lateral Teres Minor Greater tubercle Axillary border of Axillary nerve (C5, rotation, Muscle of humerus scapula C6) horizontal abduction Upper and lower Subscapularis Lesser tubercle of Subscapular fossa Shoulder medial subscapular nerve muscle the humerus of the scapula rotation (C5, C6) Medial surface of Coracobrachialis Coracoid process Musculocutaneous Stabilizes the the humerus near Muscle of the scapula nerve (C6, C7) shoulder joint the midpoint ELBOW & FOREARM Muscle Insertion Origin Nerve Supply Action Coronoid process Distal half of and ulnar Musculocutaneous Brachialis Muscle humerus, anterior Elbow flexion tuberosity of the nerve (C5, C6) surface ulna Long head: supraglenoid tubercle of Elbow flexion, Biceps Brachii Radial tuberosity Musculocutaneous scapula forearm Muscle of radius nerve (C5, C6) Short head: supination coracoid process of scapula Lateral Brachioradialis Styloid process of supracondylar Radial nerve (C5, Elbow flexion Muscle the radius ridge on the C6) humerus Long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula Lateral head: Olecranon process inferior to greater Radial nerve (C7, Triceps Muscle Elbow extension of ulna tubercle on C8) posterior humerus Medial head: posterior surface of humerus Lateral and inferior to Lateral epicondyle Radial nerve (C7, Assists in elbow Anconeous Muscle olecranon process of humerus C8) extension of ulna Medial epicondyle Forearm Lateral aspect of Pronator Teres of humerus and Median nerve (C6, pronation, radius at its Muscle coronoid process C7) assistive in elbow midpoint of ulna flexion Pronator Median nerve (C8, Forearm Distal ¼ of radius Distal ¼ of ulna Quadratus Muscle T1) pronation Anterior surface Lateral epicondyle Forearm Supinator Muscle of the proximal of humerus and Radial nerve (C6) supination radius adjacent ulna WRIST Muscle Insertion Origin Nerve Supply Action Flexor Carpi Pisiform and base Medial epicondyle Ulnar nerve (C8, Wrist flexion and Ulnaris Muscle of 5th metacarpal of humerus T1) ulnar deviation Flexor Carpi Base of 2nd and 3rd Medial epicondyle Median nerve (C6, Wrist flexion and Radialis Muscle metacarpals of humerus C7) ulnar deviation Palmaris Longus Medial epicondyle Median nerve (C6, Assistive in wrist Palmar fascia Muscle of humerus C7) flexion Extensor Carpi Wrist extension Base of 2nd Supracondylar Radial nerve (C6, Radialis Longus and radial metacarpal ridge of humerus C7) Muscle deviation Extensor Carpi Base of 3rd Lateral epicondyle Radial nerve (C6, Radialis Brevis Wrist extension metacarpal of humerus C7) Muscle Extensor Carpi Wrist extension Base of 5th Lateral epicondyle Radial nerve (C6, Radialis Ulnaris and ulnar metacarpal of humerus C7, C8) Muscle deviation Scapular Anterior surface, depression, Pectoralis Minor Coracoid process Medial pectoral 3rd through 5th protraction, Muscle of the scapula nerve (C8, T1) ribs downward rotation, and tilt FINGERS Muscle Insertion Origin Nerve Supply Action Common flexor Flexor Digitorum Sides of the tendon on the Flexes the MCP Median nerve (C7, Superficialis middle phalanx of medial epicondyle, and PIP joints of C8, T1) Muscle the four fingers coronoid process, the fingers and radius Flexes all three Flexor Digitorum Distal phalanx of Upper ¾ of the Median and ulnar joints of the Profundus Muscle the four fingers ulna nerves (C8, T1) fingers (MCP, PIP, and DIP) Flexes all three Flexor Pollicis Distal phalanx of Radius, anterior Median nerve (C8, joints of the Longus Muscle the thumb surface T1) thumb (CMC, MCP, IP) Posterior radius, Abductor Pollicis Base of the 1st interosseous Radial nerves (C6, Abducts thumb Longus Muscle metacarpal membrane, and C7) (CMC) middle ulna Base of the Extends CMC and Extensor Pollicis Posterior distal Radial nerves (C6, proximal phalanx MCP joints of Brevis Muscle radius C7) of thumb thumb  Middle posterior Extends all three Base of distal Extensor Pollicis ulna and Radial nerve (C6, joints of the phalanx of the Longus Muscle interosseous C7, C8) thumb (CMC, MCP, thumb membrane and IP) Extends all three Base of distal Extensor Lateral epicondyle Radial nerves (C6, joints of the phalanx of the 2nd Digitorum Muscle of the humerus C7, C8) fingers (MCP, PIP, through 5th fingers and DIP) Extends all three Base of distal joints of the Extensor Indicis Radial nerves (C6, phalanx of the 2nd Distal ulna second finger Muscle C7, C8) finger (MCP, PIP, and DIP) Extends all three Base of distal Extensor Digiti Lateral epicondyle Radial nerves (C6, joints of the fifth phalanx of 5th Minimi Muscle of humerus C7, C8) finger (MCP, PIP, finger and DIP) Flexes the CMC Flexor Pollicis Proximal phalanx Trapezium and Median nerve (C6, and MCP joints of Brevis Muscle of the thumb flexor retinaculum C7) thumb Scaphoid, Abductor Pollicis Proximal phalanx Median nerve (C6, Abducts the trapezium, and Brevis Muscle of the thumb C7) thumb (CMC joint) flexor retinaculum Opponens Pollicis Trapezium and Median nerve (C6, Opposes the 1st metacarpal Muscle flexor retinaculum C7) thumb (CMC joint) Capitate, base of Adductor Pollicis Base of proximal 2nd metacarpal, Ulnar nerve (C8, Adducts thumb Muscle phalanx of thumb palmar surface of T1) (CMC joint) the 3rd metacarpal Base of proximal Adjacent Ulnar nerve (C8, Adducts fingers at Dorsal Interossei phalanx metacarpals T1) MCP joint Palmar Interossei Base of respective 1st, 2nd, 4th, and 5th Ulnar nerve (C8, Adducts fingers at Muscle proximal phalanx metacarpals T1) MCP joint 1st and 2nd lumbricales: Flex the MCP joint Tendon of the Tendon of the medial nerve while extending Lumbrical Muscle extensor flexor digitorum 3rd and 4th the PIP and DIP digitorum muscle profundus muscle lumbricales: ulnar joints nerve (C6, C7, C8) Base of proximal Flexes CMC and Flexor Digiti Hamate and flexor Ulnar nerve (C8, phalanx of the MCP joints of the Minimi Muscle retinaculum T1) fifth finger 5th finger  Pisiform and Abducts the MCP Abductor Digiti Proximal phalanx Ulnar nerve (C8, tendon of flexor joint of the 5th Minimi Muscle of 5th finger T1) carpi ulnaris finger Opponens Digiti Hamate and flexor Ulnar nerve (C8, Opposes the 5th 5th metacarpal Minimi Muscle retinaculum T1) finger (CMC joint)