UAE Fire Exit Signs & Evacuation Plans PDF

In this Chapter : Intent of the Chapter  Specifications of Exit Signs and  To provide clear and visible exit signs and directional Directional Markings marking in a facility to enable people to find ex...

In this Chapter : Intent of the Chapter  Specifications of Exit Signs and  To provide clear and visible exit signs and directional Directional Markings marking in a facility to enable people to find exits swiftly  Location of Exit and Directional and easily during emergencies. markings  To standardize the Exit Signs, Directional Signs and  Standard format of the Emergency Evacuation Plans. “Emergency Evacuation Plans” 1. Definitions 1.1. General 1.1.1. Shall It is a mandatory requirement from Civil Defence. 1.1.2. Should It is a suggested requirement recommended by Civil Defence but not mandatory. 1.1.3. Listed Approved and registered by individual Emirates’ Civil Defence material department. 1.1.4. Lux The SI unit of illumination equal to a luminous flux of 1 lumen per square meter. 1 lux = 0.0929 foot-candle | CDGH-OP-25 | September 2018 Page 385 of 1348  1.2. Exit Signage 1.2.1. Exit Sign An Exit Sign is a visual marking with text and pictorial sign in a facility denoting the identification of an exit in case of fire or other emergency. 1.2.2. Exit Directional Sign (Directional Marking) A Directional Exit Sign is a visual marking with text and pictorial sign in a facility de- noting the direction and route to reach the closest emergency exit in case of fire or other emergency. 1.2.3. Tactile Sign Tactile signing is a common means of communication used by people with both a sight and hearing impairment, which is based on a standard system of Deaf manual signs. 1.2.4. Photoluminescent Sign Signs made up of Photoluminescent material where luminescence (visible light) results from the absorption of light or infrared or ultraviolet radiation. 1.2.5. Illumination The intensity of light falling on a surface, the luminous flux incident per unit area, ex- pressed in lumens per unit of area Intensity of lighted surface. 1.2.6. Means of Egress A continuous and unobstructed way of travel from any point in a building or structure to a public way consisting of three separate and distinct parts: (1) the exit access, (2) the exit, and (3) the exit discharge. 1.2.7. Dead End A path that leads to No Emergency Exits. 1.2.8. Exit Access That portion of a means of egress that leads to an exit. 1.2.9. Exit That portion of a means of egress that is separated from all other spaces of the interi- or spaces of building or structure by fire resistance rated construction and opening protective as required to provide a protected way of travel from Exit access to the exit discharge. 1.2.10. Exit Discharge That portion of a means of egress between the termination of an exit and a public way. 1.2.11. Area of Refuge. An area that is either (1) a story in a building where the building is protected throughout by an approved, supervised automatic sprinkler system and has not less than two accessible rooms or spaces separated from each other by smoke-resisting partitions; or (2) a space located in a path of travel leading to a public way that is protected from the effects of fire, either by means of separation from other spaces in the same building or by virtue of location, thereby permitting a delay in egress travel from any level. | CDGH-OP-25 | September 2018 Page 386 of 1348 2. Exit Signs 2.1. Intention 2.1.1. The provisions of this chapter require that all exits and exit routes in a facility be identified and marked with visible and tactile signs to enable people find their way out during fire emergencies. 2.1.2. Such exit signs and directional marking sizes, locations and maximum distance of signs shall be specified as per this chapter. 2.2. General 2.2.1. In all buildings, except for One-and-Two-Family Dwelling, every exit on every floor shall be clearly indicated by an exit sign placed over the exit door. Such signs shall be placed so as to be clearly visible at all times. 2.2.2. The route to such emergency exit shall be identified with directional signs to indicate Did You Know? the path and direction to exits. A Code complaint Exit 2.2.3. Exits signs are required to be illuminated – either internally or externally – while the Signs and Directional Exit building has normal electrical power and Signs in a building are the building is occupied. not only important for occupant evacuation, but 2.2.4. The Exit sign must be illuminated and clear- ly visible at all times the building is occu- equally important for fire pied. fighters and rescue teams, who are new to 2.2.5. During loss of power in the building, the exit signs shall be illuminated using building facility, to locate exits, emergency power or building emergency elevators, equipment lighting or Signs shall be Photoluminescent swiftly in smoke clogged where upon loss of power, the signs are re- environment. illuminated and clearly visible. 2.2.6. The requirements of this chapter are minimum guidelines. It is consultant’s responsi- bility to refer to the international codes, standards and Civil Defence signage practic- es that this chapter is based on, for clear understanding of signage requirements, visibility of signage, location of signage, illumination of signage etc. 2.2.7. Codes, Standards and documents referred for this chapter are NFPA 101, NFPA 110, NFPA 111, NFPA 170, NFPA 70, ISO 3864, Civil Defence evacuation policies and signage. | CDGH-OP-25 | September 2018 Page 387 of 1348  2.3. Exit Sign and Directional Sign Specifications 2.3.1. The exit Sign and Directional marking specification shall be as per Table 5.1. Table 5.1: Specifications of Exit Signs and Directional Markings ITEMS REQUIREMENTS 1. EXIT SIGN 1. SIZE OF LETTERS i. Exit Signs shall read “EXIT” in English and Arabic in plainly legible letters. ii. Letters shall not be less than 150 mm (6”) in height and principal strokes of letters not less than 19 mm (3/4”) wide. Width of each letter shall not be less than 51 mm, proportionally. iii. Minimum spacing between letters shall be not less than 9.5 mm (3/8”) iv. Signs using larger sizes than mentioned in Table 5.1.1.1.ii., shall use letter widths, strokes and spacing in proportion to their height. 2. SIZE OF RUNNING MAN i. The image of Running man towards the exit door shall not be less than 150 mm (6”) in height. ii. Minimum spacing between the running man image and EXIT letter shall not be less than 9.5 mm (3/8”). iii. The running man shall be heading towards an open door in the image. 3. COLOURS i. Letter “EXIT” shall be in matte White colour on Green background. ii. The “RUNNING MAN TOWARDS AN OPEN DOOR” shall be in Green colour on White, open door background. Figure 5.1.: EXIT SIGN Specifications | CDGH-OP-25 | September 2018 Page 388 of 1348  Table 5.1: Specifications of Exit Signs and Directional Markings ITEMS REQUIREMENTS 2. DIRECTIONAL 1. SIZE OF LETTERS EXIT SIGN i. Exit Signs shall read “EXIT” in English and Arabic in plainly legible letters. ii. Letters shall not be less than 150 mm (6”) in height and principal strokes of letters not less than 19 mm (3/4”) wide. Width of each letter shall not be less than 51 mm, proportionally. iii. Minimum spacing between letters shall be not less than 9.5 mm (3/8”) iv. Signs using larger sizes than mentioned in Table 5.1.2.1.ii., shall use letter widths, strokes and spacing in proportion to their height. 2. SIZE OF DIRECTIONAL ARROW i. The directional “arrow” indicator shall be located outside of the EXIT letters, not less than 9.5 mm (3/8”) from any letter. ii. The directional “arrow” indicator shall be of a chevron type. iii. The directional indicator shall be identifiable as a directional indicator at a dis- tance of 12 m. iv. A directional arrow larger than the minimum established for compliance with as per Table 5.1. 2.2.iii., shall be proportionately increased in height, width, and stroke. v. The directional indicator shall be located at the end of the sign for the direction indicated. 3. SIZE OF RUNNING MAN i. The image of Running man towards the exit door shall not be less than 150 mm (6”) in height. ii. Minimum spacing between the running man image and EXIT letter shall not be less than 9.5 mm (3/8”). iii. The direction of running man’s posture shall be towards the same direction as the directional “arrow” mark. iv. The running man shall be heading towards an open door in the image. 4. COLOURS i. Letter “EXIT” shall be in matte White colour on Green background. ii. Directional “ARROW” shall be in White colour on Green background. iii. The “RUNNING MAN TOWARDS AN OPEN DOOR” shall be in Green colour on White, open door background. Figure 5.2.: DIRECTIONAL EXIT SIGN Specifications | CDGH-OP-25 | September 2018 Page 389 of 1348  Table 5.1: Specifications of Exit Signs and Directional Markings ITEMS REQUIREMENTS 3. TACTILE SIGNS i. Tactile signage shall comply with ICC/ANSI A117.1, American National Standard for Accessible and Usable Buildings and Facilities. ii. Refer to Chapter 13. ACCESSIBILITY, Table 13.4.2. Signs. 4. PHOTOLUMINISCENT i. The face of a Photoluminescent signs and strips shall be continually illumi- SIGNS AND STRIPS nated while the building is occupied. ii. Minimum of 54 lux (5 foot-candle) artificial light shall be illuminating the Photoluminescent surface during normal and emergency conditions. iii. The Photoluminescent signs and strips shall be within 3 m of such illumina- tion source. iv. The illumination levels on the face of the Photoluminescent sign shall be in accordance with its listing. v. The charging illumination shall be a reliable light source, as per its listing. The charging light source, shall be of a type specified in the product mark- ings. vi. Photoluminescent signs shall not be installed where continuous illumina- tion is not available during non-emergency situations. (Photoluminescent signs need a specific minimum level of light on the face of the sign to en- sure that the sign is charged for emergency operation and legibility in both the normal and emergency modes. Additionally, the type of light source (e.g., incandescent, fluorescent, halogen, metal halide) is important. Each light source produces different types of visible and invisible light (e.g., UV) that might affect the ability of some Photoluminescent signs to charge and might also affect the amount of light output available during emergency mode.) | CDGH-OP-25 | September 2018 Page 390 of 1348  Table 5.1: Specifications of Exit Signs and Directional Markings ITEMS REQUIREMENTS 5. “NO EXIT” SIGN i. The NO EXIT sign shall have the word NO in letters 51 mm (2”) high, with a stroke width of 9.5 mm (3/8”), and the word EXIT in letters 25 mm (1”) high, with the word EXIT below the word NO. 6. EVACUATION i. Elevator signage is to indicate people if they can use the evacuation elevators ELEVATOR SIGNS during fire emergencies. ii. These elevator signs are to be used in place of regular “DO NOT USE ELEVA- TOR DURING FIRE” signs, if and only where the elevator is designed and ac- cepted as a means of egress component to be an evacuation elevator as per Chapter 3, Section 3.9. and has been incorporated in building fire strategy. iii. These signs are for indicating usage of elevators during emergencies by both Civil Defence personnel and trained facility management. iv. These evacuation elevators shall be provided with signs reading “ In the event of Fire, this elevator will be used by Civil Defence for evacuation of people. PROTECTED ELEVATOR USABLE IN EMERGENCIES” v. The minimum height of the letters in evacuation elevator signs shall not be less than 16 mm (5/8”), posted in every evacuation elevator lobby. 7. FLOOR PROXIMITY i. Floor proximity Exit Sign sizes and dimensions shall comply with Table SIGNS 5.1.1. ii. Floor proximity Directional Exit Sign sizes and dimensions shall comply with Table 5.1.2. | CDGH-OP-25 | September 2018 Page 391 of 1348  Table 5.1: Specifications of Exit Signs and Directional Markings ITEMS REQUIREMENTS 8. EVACUATION 1. GENERAL PLAN DIAGRAM i. Floor evacuation plans/diagrams reflecting the actual floor arrangement, exit loca- tions AND DIRECTIONAL ARROWS TO SUCH EMERGENCY EXITS shall be posted. (Evacuation Plans are informational signs used to advise building occupants, be they employees, residents, patients, or visitors, of the best route(s) to egress the building. It is a pictorial representation of the building/floor layout showing the closest EXIT routes from a given point in the building.) 2. RESPONSIBILITY i. Preparation of evacuation plans shall be consultants responsibility. Final evacua- tion plans in compliance to this section, shall be fixed on each floor in the building. ii. Maintaining the evacuation plan shall be the responsibility of the owner. damaged or faded or where areas and routes are modified, owner shall upgrade evacuation plans and replace with new one as per revised floor plans. 3. CONTENT i. Evacuation plans shall contain English language and Arabic language. ii. Evacuation plans shall only contain simple floor plans with floor number, rom names, emergency exits, routes to exits, location of stairs, elevators, refuge area location (If any), location of fire extinguishers, and location of fire hose cabinets. iii. Evacuation plans should not show structural details, furniture layouts, floor tiles, ceiling tiles, interior fixtures and lighting. However, evacuation plans shall in- clude certain distinguished landmark features in the floor which enable occu- pants to identify the area immediately, such as fountains, statues, atriums. iv. Evacuation plans shall clearly show “YOU ARE HERE” location and symbol. v. The entire floor plan should be shown with the primary and secondary exit routes, exit stairs, and elevators clearly identified. vi. Routes and directional arrow marks shall not show paths which are not exit routes, which pass through lockable rooms, store rooms, hazardous rooms and terminate at dead ends. vii. Evacuation plans shall show exit discharge and assembly points only if they are in that floor. viii. Evacuation plans shall be specific to each floor and shall not contain information irrelevant to that floor. ix. Evacuation plan Symbols shall be as per Figure 5.2. Symbols to be used in Evacu- ation Plans. x. Evacuation plan shall have heading “EVACUATION PLAN” of 20 mm high letters, on top center. xi. Below the heading shall be “FLOOR NUMBER/NAME” of 15 mm high letters. xii. A legend in showing meanings of symbols used such as fire extinguishers, fire hose cabinet etc., of 10 mm high, shall be at the bottom of the evacuation plan. | CDGH-OP-25 | September 2018 Page 392 of 1348  Table 5.1: Specifications of Exit Signs and Directional Markings ITEMS REQUIREMENTS 8. EVACUATION 4. COLOURS PLAN DIAGRAM i. Heading, EVACUATION PLAN shall be in Black colour. ii. FLOOR NAME/FLOOR NUMBER shall be in Black colour. iii. Floor plans shall be in Grey walls on White background. iv. Exit corridors, exit routes shall be FILLED in Green colour with Dark Green directional arrows. v. Exit doors and exit stairs shall have Bold EXIT word /EXIT SIGN in Green colour. vi. “YOU ARE HERE” word and symbol shall be in Red Colour. vii. Symbols or Fire Extinguishers and Fire Hose Cabinet shall be in Red Col- our. viii. Room names shall be in Black Colour. ix. Assembly point shall be in Green Colour. x. LEGEND shall be in Black colour. 5. FORMAT i. Evacuation plans shall be in 3D Format, showing elevated walls, stairs, rooms and floor plans in 3 dimensional perspective, as shown in Figure 5.4. Sample Evacuation plan. ii. The symbols, letters, words, directional arrows shall be in regular 2D format. iii. Evacuation plan shall be 350 mm in height and 500 mm wide. iv. Evacuation plans shall be framed and hanged on vertical walls. v. Evacuation plans shall not be stickers stuck on curved surfaces. vi. Evacuation plans shall be colored printouts, laminated or photo-framed with glass. vii. Evacuation plans shall not be on glossy background. viii. It is highly recommended to provide Photoluminescent evacuation plans. 6. LOCATION i. The evacuation plan shall be posted where it is unobstructed, clearly visible and readable, located on vertical walls at eye level. ii. Evacuation plans shall be posted in continuously illuminated place, where 10.8 lux is the minimum illumination. iii. Evacuation plans shall be located in main circulation areas, lift lobby, main corri- dor. iv. Evacuation plans shall not be located inside rooms, inside stairs and in hidden pockets on circulation areas. 7. NUMBERS i. The number of evacuation plans in each floor shall be based on the complexity of the floor design. However, there shall not be less than one evacuation plan located strategically in the middle of the floor circulation area where two emer- gency exits/exit stairs are shown in two opposite directions on evacuation plan. ii. For buildings with more than 2 exits/exit stairs, evacuation plans shall be posted in the middle of every 2 exits/exit stairs, showing 2 exit routes in opposite direc- tions. | CDGH-OP-25 | September 2018 Page 393 of 1348  Figure 5.3.: Symbols to be used in Evacuation Plans Figure 5.4.: Sample Evacuation Plan | CDGH-OP-25 | September 2018 Page 394 of 1348  2.4. Installation of Exit Sign and Directional Sign 2.4.1. The installation of exit Sign and Directional marking shall be installed as per Table 5.2. Table 5.2: Installation of Exit Signs and Directional Markings ITEMS REQUIREMENTS 1. ILLUMINATION 1. ILLUMINATION i. Every sign shall be continuously illuminated. ii. Illumination of signs shall be permitted to be flash on and off upon fire alarm acti- vation. 2. EXTERNALLY ILLUMINATED i. Externally illuminated signs shall be illuminated by not less than 5 ft.-candles (54 lux) at the illuminated surface and shall have a contrast ratio of not less than 0.5. The viewing distance for externally illuminated Signs shall be approximately 15 m. ii. Externally illuminated signs shall be visible from 100 X H meters, where H is height of the Sign board. (Approximately 15 m) 3. INTERNALLY ILLUMINATED i. Internally illuminated exit signs and directional markings shall be approved and registered by Civil Defence for the purpose. The viewing distance for internally illuminated Signs shall be approximately 30 m. ii. Internally illuminated signs are visible from 150 X H meters, where H is the height of the Sign board. (Approximately 30 m) 2. MOUNTING i. The bottom of Exit Sign shall be located at a vertical distance of not more than 1000 mm above the top edge of the egress opening intended for designation by that marking. ii. Exit Sign shall be located at a horizontal distance of not more than 1000 mm, as measured from the edge of the egress opening intended for designation by that marking to the nearest edge of the marking. iii. Directional Exit Sign shall be installed at a height between 3000 mm—4000 mm from the finished floor. iv. Directional Exit Signs shall be installed at every change of direction and shall be perpen- dicular to the direction of egress. v. Floor proximity Exit Signs and Directional Signs shall be installed such that bottom of the sign shall not be less than 150 mm but not more than 455 mm above the finished floor. vi. Where floor proximity Exit Signs and Directional Signs are required to be provided for exit door. it shall be mounted adjacent to the door within 100 mm from door frame. 3. VISIBILITY i. Every sign required shall be located and of such size, distinctive color, and design that it is readily visible and shall provide contrast with decorations, interior finish, or other signs. ii. No decorations, furnishings, or equipment that impairs visibility of a sign shall be permitted. No brightly illuminated sign (for other than exit purposes), display, or object in or near the line of vision of the required exit sign that could detract attention from the exit sign shall be permitted. 4. DISTANCE i. No point in exit corridor or exit access corridor shall be in excess of the rated view- ing distance or 30 m, whichever is less, from nearest Exit Sign/Directional Sign/ Floor proximity Sign. | CDGH-OP-25 | September 2018 Page 395 of 1348  Figure 5.5.: EXIT SIGN and DIRECTIONAL EXIT SIGN MOUNTING Figure 5.6.: EXIT SIGNS Mounting to cater to intersection Figure 5.7.: Floor Proximity Exit Sign Mounting | CDGH-OP-25 | September 2018 Page 396 of 1348 3. Application of Exit Signs and Directional marking 3.1. The application of exit Signs and Directional marking shall be as per Table 5.3. 3.2. The Installation of Exit Signs, Directional Signs and Floor proximity Signs shall comply with Table 5.2. Table 5.3: Application of Exit Signs and Directional Markings LOCATION REQUIREMENTS 1. AT EXIT i. Exit Doors, at exit corridors, providing exits that lead to Exit discharge or to DOORS assembly points shall be provided with Exit Signs complying to Table 5.1.1. ii. Doors in Horizontal Exits shall be provided with Exit Signs complying to Table 5.1.1. iii. Tactile Signs, in compliance with Table 5.1.3. shall be installed at every exit location where Exit Signs are required by Table 5.2. iv. Floor proximity Exit signs shall comply with Table 5.1.7. 2. AT EXIT STAIR i. Exit stairs, providing exits that lead to Exit discharge or to assembly points shall be provided with Exit Signs complying to Table 5.1.1. ii. Tactile Signs, in compliance with Table 5.1.3. shall be installed at every exit location where Exit Signs are required by Table 5.2. iii. Floor proximity Exit signs, if provided shall comply with Table 5.1.7. 3. EXIT ACCESS i. The Directional Signs shall be provided in compliance with Table 5.1.2. CORRIDORS ii. Floor proximity Directional signs, if provided shall comply with Table 5.1.7. 4. DEAD ENDS i. NO EXIT signs shall be provided at any door, passage or stair that is neither an exit nor way of exit access and that is located or arranged that it is likely to be mistaken for an exit. ii. NO EXIT sign shall comply with Table 5.1.5. 5. ELEVATOR i. Any elevator that qualifies as evacuation elevator as defined in Chapter 3., SIGNS Section 3.9., shall be provided with Evacuation Elevator Sign in compliance with Table 5.1.6. 6. ASSEMBLY i. Exit Signs and Directional Signs shall be provided as per Section 3. OCCUPANCIES ii. All assembly occupancies shall be provided with Floor proximity Signs as per Table 5.1.7. iii. Tactile Signs, in compliance with Table 5.1.3. shall be installed at every exit. iv. Wash rooms shall be provided with Directional Signs as per Table 5.1.2. v. In special amusement buildings where mazes, mirrors, or other designs are used to confound the egress path, Directional exit marking in compliance with Table 5.1.2., that becomes apparent in an emergency shall be provided. vi. All amusement parks, indoor rides, theme parks, play areas shall be provided with Photoluminescent Exit Marking strips per Table 5.1. 4. vii. Night Clubs and Discos shall be provided with Photoluminescent Exit Marking strips per Table 5.1. 4. viii. Theaters and Cinemas shall be provided with Photoluminescent Exit Marking strips as per Table 5.1. 4. ix. Evacuation Plan shall be provided in each floor and at multiple locations as per Table 5.1.8. | CDGH-OP-25 | September 2018 Page 397 of 1348  Table 5.3: Application of Exit Signs and Directional Markings LOCATION REQUIREMENTS 7. BUSINESS i. Exit Signs and Directional Signs shall be provided as per Section 3. OCCUPANCIES ii. Evacuation Plan shall be provided in each floor and at multiple locations as per Table 5.1.8. iii. Evacuation plans shall not be required inside individual tenant spaces which are open plan offices and main exit is visible. 8. EDUCATIONAL i. Exit Signs and Directional Signs shall be provided as per Section 3. ii. Nurseries shall be provided with Photoluminescent Exit Marking strips as per Table 5.1. 4. iii. Auditoriums shall be provided with Photoluminescent Exit Marking strips as per Table 5.1. 4. iv. Evacuation Plan shall be provided in each floor and at multiple locations as per Table 5.1.8. 9. HEALTHCARE i. Exit Signs and Directional Signs shall be provided as per Section 3. OCCUPANCIES ii. Tactile Signs, in compliance with Table 5.1.3. shall be installed at every exit. iii. Patient rooms shall not be required to be provided with Exit Signs. iv. Evacuation Plan shall be provided in each floor and at multiple locations as per Table 5.1.8. 10. RESIDENTIAL i. Exit Signs and Directional Signs shall be provided at exit passageways and OCCUPANCIES corridors as per Section 3. ii. Residential apartments and dwelling units shall not be required to be provid- ed with exit signs. iii. Evacuation Plan shall be provided in each floor and at multiple locations as per Table 5.1.8. 11. HOTEL i. Exit Signs and Directional Signs shall be provided as per Section 3. ii. Tactile Signs, in compliance with Table 5.1.3. shall be installed at every exit iii. All hotel occupancies shall be provided with Floor proximity Signs as per Table 5.1.7. iv. Guest rooms shall not be required to be provided with exit signs. v. Evacuation Plan shall be provided in each floor, in each guest room and at multiple locations as per Table 5.1.8. 12. DAY CARE i. Exit Signs and Directional Signs shall be provided as per Section 3. OCCUPANCIES ii. Evacuation Plan shall be provided in each floor and at multiple locations as per Table 5.1.8. 13. DETENTION i. Exit Signs shall not be required in dwelling cell areas. AND ii. General public areas, offices and areas accessible to general public shall be CORRECTIONAL provided with Exit Signs and Directional Signs as per Section 3. OCCUPANCIES iii. Tactile Signs, in compliance with Table 5.1.3. shall be installed at every exit iv. Evacuation Plan shall be provided in each floor and at multiple locations as per Table 5.1.8. 14. MERCANTILE i. Exit Signs and Directional Signs shall be provided as per Section 3. OCCUPANCIES ii. Directional Signs as per Table 5.1.2. shall be provided for aisles and rack are- as where exit is not directly visible. iii. Evacuation Plan shall be provided in each floor and at multiple locations as per Table 5.1.8. | CDGH-OP-25 | September 2018 Page 398 of 1348  Table 5.3: Application of Exit Signs and Directional Markings LOCATION REQUIREMENTS 15. STORAGE AND i. Exit Signs and Directional Signs shall be provided as per Section 3. INDUSTRIAL ii. High hazard areas (GROUP A-1 and GROUP A-2), Robotic storage and cold OCCUPANCIES storage areas, industrial basements, Cable spread areas, shall be provided with Photoluminescent Exit Marking strips as per Table 5.1. 4. iii. Evacuation Plan shall be provided in each floor and at multiple locations as per Table 5.1.8. 16. MALLS i. Exit Signs and Directional Signs shall be provided as per Section 3. ii. Tactile Signs, in compliance with Table 5.1.3. shall be installed at every exit iii. Play areas, Food courts and Cinema areas shall be provided with Photolumi- nescent Exit Marking strips as per Table 5.1. 4. iv. Evacuation Plan shall be provided in each floor and at multiple locations as per Table 5.1.8. v. Evacuation plans shall not be required at individual tenants. 17. PARKING i. Exit Signs and Directional Signs shall be provided as per Section 3. ii. The vehicle exit route Signs shall be clearly distinguishable in size, in colour and in format from Exit Signs and Directional Signs as required by this chap- ter. iii. Robotic/Mechanical parking shall be provided with Photoluminescent Exit Marking strips on access walkways as per Table 5.1. 4. iv. Evacuation Plan shall be provided in each floor and at multiple locations as per Table 5.1.8. 18. PRIVATE i. Exit Signs are not required, unless usage has changed and converted into an- VILLA other occupancy. 19. COMMERCIAL i. Exit Signs are not required, unless usage has changed and converted into an- VILLA other occupancy. 20. FUEL i. Exit signs are not required, unless the buildings are other than facilities hav- DISPENSING ing only ground floor. STATION | CDGH-OP-25 | September 2018 Page 399 of 1348 4. Design, Installation, Inspection and Maintenance of Exit Signs and Directional Signs 4.1. Design/Specification and Submittals 4.1.1. Design, Specifications and Submittals to Civil Defence for approval shall be main consultants responsibility. Consultant shall have competent and knowledgeable personnel to understand the Civil Defence requirements and codes and standards. 4.1.2. Design submittals shall be complete with appropriate Exit Sign and Directional Signs shown on the layouts. 4.1.3. Consultant shall prepare Evacuation Plans in compliance with this chapter. 4.2. Installation 4.2.1. Installation of Exit Signs and Directional Signs shall be carried out by the Civil De- fence approved contractors under supervision of Consultant. 4.2.2. Installation of Evacuation Plans shall be carried out by the Civil Defence approved contractors under supervision of Consultant. 4.2.3. Installation contractor shall not commence work on site without receiving Civil Defence stamped and approved drawings from the Consultant. 4.2.4. It is contractors responsibility to adhere to consultant’s Civil Defence approved drawings and Manufacturer’s installation guidelines and specifications. 4.2.5. Consultant shall ensure that all Exit Signs and Directional Signs are installed appro- priately and where continuous illumination is available. 4.3. Inspection and Acceptance 4.3.1. Inspection and acceptance shall be main consultant’s responsibility. 4.3.2. Main consultant shall inspect contractor work during installations and ensure that Exit Signs and Directional Signs are accurate and convey directions to exits as per site conditions. 4.3.3. Consultant shall verify Evacuation Plans location fixed by the contractors. 4.4.. Inspection and Maintenance 4.4.1. The building owner, his appointed representative and the facility management shall be responsible to ensure that all the Exit Signs, Directional Signs and Evacua- tion Plans are free of damage, wear and tear and in visible location, in compliance with this chapter. 4.4.2. Every 30 days, owner appointed facility management shall verify visually for opera- tion of illumination sources. 4.4.3. Exit signs and Directional Signs connected to, or provided with, a battery-operated emergency illumination source, shall be tested and maintained in accordance with Chapter 6. | CDGH-OP-25 | September 2018 Page 400 of 1348 5. Exit Sign Material Test Standards and Approval. 5.1. Acceptable Test Standards and criteria 5.1.1. All the Signage Materials, Systems, Assemblies, Products and Accessories, referred to in this chapter shall be Listed, Approved and Registered by the Civil Defence Ma- terial Approval Department. 5.1.2. There is no year of edition mentioned against any test standards. It is the intent of Civil Defence to convey to the customers seeking laboratory tests and the test la- boratories to follow the “LATEST EDITION OF THE TEST STANDARD, AS AND WHEN THEY ARE UPGRADED/REVISED/AMENDED, TO THE DATE.” 5.1.3. Exit Signs i. ANSI/UL 924, Standard for Emergency Lighting and Power Equipment. ii. BS ISO 3864, Standard for Fire Safety Signs iii. BS 5499-1, Standard for Exit Signs 5.1.4. Tactile Signs i. UL 924, Standard for Emergency Lighting and Power Equipment. 5.1.5. Photoluminescent Signs i. UL 1994, Standard for Luminous Egress Path Marking Systems. | CDGH-OP-25 | September 2018 Page 401 of 1348  Chapter 6 EMERGENCY LIGHTING | CDGH-OP-25 | September 2018 Page 402 of 1348  In this Chapter: Types of acceptable emergency lighting systems Specifications for emergency lighting systems Installation and maintenance of emergency lighting systems Intent of the Chapter To provide design basis for emergency lighting system. To provide illumination for exit routes during power failure to enable people to find exits swiftly and easily during emergencies. To enable fire fighters to locate firefighting equipment, to find trapped persons and to maneuver through building easily during emergencies and power failures. | CDGH-OP-25 | September 2018 Page 403 of 1348  In this Chapter : Intent of the Chapter  Types of acceptable Emergency  To provide design basis for Emergency Lighting System. Lighting Systems  Specifications for Emergency  To provide illumination for exit routes during power lighting Systems failure to enable people to find exits swiftly and easily during emergencies.  Installation and Maintenance of Emergency Lighting Systems  To enable fire fighters to locate fire fighting equipment, to find trapped persons and to maneuver through building easily during emergencies and power failures. 1. Definitions 1.1. General 1.1.1. Shall It is a mandatory requirement from Civil Defence. 1.1.2. Should It is a suggested requirement recommended by Civil Defence but not mandatory. 1.1.3. Listed Approved and registered by individual Emirates’ Civil Defence material department. 1.1.4. Lux The SI unit of illumination equal to a luminous flux of 1 lumen per square meter. This is the luminous flux density at a given surface. 1 lux = 0.0929 foot-candle | CDGH-OP-25 | September 2018 Page 404 of 1348  1.2. Emergency Lighting 1.2.1. Emergency Lighting The lighting that is for use to illuminate means of egress when there is a mains power or circuit failure. 1.2.2. Battery Storage cells, storing energy and providing the power during mains failure. A lead- acid battery consisting of sealed cells furnished with a valve that opens to vent the battery whenever the internal pressure of the battery exceeds the ambient pressure by a set amount is called valve regulated Lead Acid. (VRLA) 1.2.3. Battery – Sealed A battery where the electrolyte cannot be replaced. Where electrolyte is required to be replaced is called “vented”. 1.2.4. Battery Capacity The capability of the battery under discharge situation measured in Ampere-hours (Ah, over one hour). 1.2.5. Central Battery System A central unit at central location that houses the batteries and control gear for a num- ber of emergency lighting luminaires. 1.2.6. Self Contained Emergency Light An emergency luminaire that houses all the electrical components. Typically a light source, control gear and battery. 1.2.7. Monitored-type Emergency Light A set of self contained emergency lighting luminaire that is wired to control units to monitor and diagnose the health of the circuit and batteries. 1.2.8. Maintained Emergency Light A luminaire that contains one or more light sources that are permanently illuminated during normal and emergency situations. 1.2.9. Non-Maintained Emergency Light A Luminaire that contains one or more light sources and only illuminates during a mains or circuit failure situation. 1.2.10. Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) A device that provides emergency power to a load when the main source fails. Typi- cally a luminaire is connected to the mains through a UPS, the UPS provides mains output to the luminaire when it detects a failure to the incoming mains. 1.2.11. Luminous Intensity (Cd) The power of the light source to emit light in a given direction measured in candela. 1.2.12. Rated duration The specified duration of light output from the luminaire operating from it’s battery supply. Typically 1 to 3 hours on a fully charged battery. | CDGH-OP-25 | September 2018 Page 405 of 1348  1.2. Emergency Lighting 1.2.13. Rated Load The maximum load that can be placed on a system. 1.2.14. Emergency Power Supply System (EPSS) A complete functioning EPS system coupled to a system of conductors, discon- necting means and overcurrent protective devices, transfer switches, and all con- trol, supervisory, and support devices up to and including the load terminals of the transfer equipment needed for the system to operate as a safe and reliable source of electric power. 1.2.15. Stored Emergency Power Supply System (SEPSS) A system consisting of a UPS, a central battery system, or a motor generator, pow- ered by a stored electrical energy source, together with a transfer switch designed to monitor preferred and alternate load power source and provide desired switch- ing of the load, and all necessary control equipment to make the system functional. 1.2.16. Energy Conversion Equipment (ECE) A system of either a UPS, a battery bank and battery charger (central battery sys- tem), or a rotating motor generator (with or without inertia flywheel), often sup- plied by a central battery system power source. 1.2.17. Automatic Transfer Switch Self-acting equipment for transferring one or more load conductor connections from one power source to another. 1.2.18. Ballast An electrical ballast is a device intended to limit the amount of current in an electric circuit. Without ballast restriction, current would otherwise rise to luminaire de- struction levels. | CDGH-OP-25 | September 2018 Page 406 of 1348 2. Emergency Lighting 2.1. Intention 2.1.1. The provisions of this chapter require that all exits and exit routes in a facility shall be provided with luminaries that are backed up by emergency power such as Battery or UPS. So that during fire emergencies and/or upon loss of power in the facility, means of egress is illuminated for evacuees with ‘emergency lighting’. 2.1.2. The objective of having emergency lighting during emergencies or when the normal lighting of the occupied building fails is to a. Indicate clearly and unambiguously the escape routes. b. Provide illumination along such routes to allow safe movement towards and through the exits provided. c. Ensure that fire alarm call points and fire fighting equipment provided along escape Did You Know? routes can be readily located. d. Permit continuity of High hazard opera- The core purpose and tions to be terminated safely. requirements of Emergency Lighting in a 2.1.2. Such emergency lighting needs to be de- signed, installed and maintained to achieve building has not been its purpose during emergencies. This chapter changed since 1927, addresses the design, performance of the when it was first system, installation and maintenance re- quirements for emergency lighting. introduced through NFPA exit codes 2.2. General 2.2.1. Three types of Emergency lighting systems are permitted by Civil Defence, depending on the nature of occupancy. a. Central Battery System. b. Monitored Type Self-contained Emergency Lighting System. c. Self Contained, stand alone Emergency Lighting. 2.2.2. The emergency lighting system shall be arranged to provide the required illumination automatically in the event of any interruption of normal lighting due to any of the following: a. Failure of a public utility or other outside electrical power supply. b. Opening of a circuit breaker or fuse. c. Manual act(s), including accidental opening of a switch controlling normal lighting Facilities. 2.2.3. The requirements in this chapter are minimum guidelines for performance require- ments, design and installation of emergency lighting. It is consultant’s responsibility to refer to NFPA 101, NFPA 70, NFPA 110 and Manufacturer’s design guidelines for detailed design and performance requirements. 2.2.4. Proper planning shall be exercised by consultant to consider the emergency lighting requirements of the facility during design stage itself. Ignoring appropriate selection of system, Luminaire selection based on lumen output, spare capacity, wiring re- quirements and lux requirements can prove to be costly in the later stages of pro- ject. | CDGH-OP-25 | September 2018 Page 407 of 1348 3. Types of Emergency Lighting Systems 3.1. General Requirements of Emergency Lighting 3.3.1. The general requirements of emergency lighting shall be as per Table 6.1. Table 6.1: General Requirements of Emergency Lighting ITEMS REQUIREMENTS 1. PRE-DESIGN i. Locate the number of emergency luminaries required in the facility by identi- CONSIDERA- fying locations such as at exit doors, outside exit stairs, inside exit stairs, at TIONS change in elevation on walking path, at walking path intersections, near fire fighting equipment, circulation areas, refuge areas, exit access corridors, exit (LOCATIONS OF corridors etc. EMERGENCY ii. Every landing of each stair shall have emergency luminaire. LIGHTING iii. Every change in direction of the exit corridor, walking path shall have emer- LUMINAIRE) gency luminaire. iv. Outside exit stair at the discharge level shall be provided with emergency lu- minaire. v. Every Fire Hose Cabinet (FHC) in the corridor shall be within 2m of emergen- cy luminaire. vi. Every First Aid Box shall be within 2m of the emergency luminaire. vii. Every Exit Sign that is intended to be externally illuminated, requires emer- gency luminaire within 2m. viii. Additional emergency luminaires shall be required at toilets, elevators, car parks, escalators, plant rooms, fire pump rooms etc. See Table 6.6. 2. LUX i. Each compartment greater than 280 m2 shall have two luminaires, so that fail- REQUIREMENTS ure of one does not compromise the emergency illumination of the room and exit doors. ii. Emergency lighting shall provide an initial illumination not less than 1.1 lux at any point, measured at floor level along the egress path, or 1 m width of cen- ter line of this egress path. iii. Lux level shall be permitted to decline to not less than 0.65 lux at the end of, 3 Hours, at any point, measured at floor level along the egress path, or 1 m width of center line of this egress path. iv. The average initial illumination at floor level along the egress path, or 1 m width of center line of this egress path, shall not be less than 10.8 lux. v. Maximum to minimum ratio of illumination shall not exceed 40 to 1 (40:1) vi. Open areas that are not exit routes and where illumination is provided to avoid panicking of people due to darkness, lux level shall be permitted to be declined to 0.5 lux, at the end of 3 Hours, at any point. vii. High risk areas, where operations need to be shut-down or terminated safely, the initial average lux level shall not be less than 12 lux with no point in the area having lux level of less than 1.8 lux, at floor level. 3. DURATION i. Emergency lighting shall be available for 3 Hours (180 minutes) immediately after the power failure. ii. Initial illumination shall not be less than be 1.1 lux at any point, measured at floor level along the egress path, or 1 m width of center line of this egress path, (as per Table 6.1.2.). iii. Illumination shall be permitted to decline to not less than 0.65 lux at the end of 3 Hours at any point, measured at floor level along the egress path, or 1 m width of center line of this egress path (as per Table 6.1.2.) | CDGH-OP-25 | September 2018 Page 408 of 1348  Figure 6.1.: Locations of Mandatory Emergency Lighting Luminaires | CDGH-OP-25 | September 2018 Page 409 of 1348  Table 6.1: General Requirements of Emergency Lighting ITEMS REQUIREMENTS 4. DISTRIBUTION i. All emergency lighting luminaires (fixtures) shall be dedicated, marked with OF LUMINARIES the maximum lamp wattage or electrical rating, manufacturer’s name, trade- mark, or other suitable means of identification. ii. Distribution of emergency luminaries shall be based on authenticated lumi- naire spacing tables from manufacturer or shall be calculated from manufac- turer’s listed software calculating the spacing based on photometric tests. iii. Consultant shall furnish the calculations and lux distribution printouts from manufacturer’s software and design approaches. iv. As a minimum guideline, the spacing of the emergency lighting luminaires in exit routes, exit corridors, escape routes, exit stairs, exit access corridors, where required minimum lux is 1.1 lux at any point at floor level along the egress path, shall not be less than that required by Table 6.1.a. v. As a minimum guideline, the spacing of the emergency lighting luminaires in open areas, where the lux level at any point at floor level is permitted to be declined to 0.5 lux, shall not be less than that required by Table 6.1.b. vi. However, these guidelines are for reference only. actual spacing shall be from manufacturer’s tested and authorized spacing tables. Consultant shall clearly mention “H, D1, D2, D3, D4, D5” distances in the design drawings for approval with manufacturer’s table and software calculation for justifications. Table 6.1.a.: Spacing of Emergency Lighting Luminaires at Exit routes and Corridors (1.1 lux) MOUNTING TRANSVERSE TRANSVERSE TO AXIAL TO AXIAL TO TRANSVERSE HEIGHT TO WALL TRANSVERSE WALL AXIAL TO AXIAL H D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 1. 2.5 m 2.7 m 7.2 m 1.5 m 4.6 m 3.65 m 2. 3 m 2.5 m 7.3 m 1.6 m 4.7 m 3.6 m 3. 4 m 2.1 m 7.5 m 1.7 m 4.8 m 3.45 m 4. 6 m 2m 5.3 m 1.8 m 3.7 m 3.3 m Table 6.1.b.: Spacing of Emergency Lighting Luminaires at Open Spaces (0.5 lux) MOUNTING TRANSVERSE TRANSVERSE TO AXIAL TO AXIAL TO TRANSVERSE HEIGHT TO WALL TRANSVERSE WALL AXIAL TO AXIAL H D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 1. 2.5 m 2.5 m 8.5 m 2.3 m 7.4 m 4.95 m 2. 3 m 2.5 m 9m 1.6 m 8m 6.25 m 3. 4 m 2.6 m 9.8 m 2.3 m 8.6 m 3.6 m 4. 6 m 2.4 m 10.3 m 1.6 m 9.5 m 3m | CDGH-OP-25 | September 2018 Page 410 of 1348  Figure 6.2.: Distances between luminaires with reference to Table 6.1.a. and 6.1.b. | CDGH-OP-25 | September 2018 Page 411 of 1348  3.2. Requirements for Central Battery Emergency Lighting 3.2.1. The requirements of Central Battery emergency lighting shall be as per Table 6.2. Table 6.2: Specifications of Central Battery Emergency Lighting ITEMS REQUIREMENTS 1. TYPE OF i. The type of power available from central battery systems shall be at least Type POWER 10, Class 1.5, Level 1 in accordance with NFPA 111, Standard on Stored Electri- cal Energy Emergency and Standby Power Systems. ii. The power System of the central battery system shall be of Type 10 which cut-in within 10 seconds of the failure of the mains. iii. The duration of the back-up of central battery power shall be of Class 3, that is for 3 hours (180 Minutes) iv. Power supply shall be of level 1 category which is installed where failure of the equipment to perform could result in loss of life. (Threat to building Life Safety) 2. BATTERIES i. Batteries shall be central battery systems as follows. a. Open-rack type. b. Console or package type. c. a combination of a and b. ii. The (ECE) energy conversion equipment shall be restricted to a. UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply) b. Central Battery System iii. The equipment, ECE, Battery Unit shall be certified by the manufacturer with test certificates, stating the compliance with required output voltages, wave- form, frequency, operating temperature range etc. iv. Operating temperature for indoor unit shall be 100C TO 400C. v. For outdoor units, operating temperature shall be –340C to 500C. (or the maxi- mum forecast outdoor temperature) vi. The ECE shall be designed to function at humidity from 5% to 95%. vii. The ECE shall have the capacity to supply energy for 180 minutes, uninterrupt- ed. viii. Following a full discharge after 180 minutes of full rated operation, ECE shall be capable of automatically resupplying the full rated load and full duration within 48 hours and of resupplying 60% of duration at full rated load within 24 hours. ix. Batteries shall be tested and approved for central battery emergency lighting system. 3. BATTERY i. Vented batteries, such as nickel cadmium and flat plate lead acid emit potential- ROOM ly explosive gases under charge conditions. Therefore it is important when se- VENTILATION lecting rooms for emergency lighting central battery systems with these types of battery, to calculate the amount of ventilation (Air Changes per Hour) re- quired. ii. The required number of air changes per hour (A) is given by the following for- mula: A = 0.045 x N x I x V Where: N = Number of cells in the battery V = Volume of room in cubic meters I = Charge rate in Amperes iii. This formula will give the number of air changes per hour required during boost charge conditions. On float charge (systems are on float charge for most of their service life), the amount of gas emitted is approximately 1.5% of that liberated whilst on boost charge and under most circumstances this will be dissipated by natural ventilation, and will not present a hazard. However, the boost charge condition shall be allowed for at the design stage to ensure the appropriate de- cision on ventilation requirements is made. | CDGH-OP-25 | September 2018 Page 412 of 1348  Table 6.2: Specifications of Central Battery Emergency Lighting ITEMS REQUIREMENTS 4. SPARE i. With any central battery system it is important to bear in mind that it is difficult to CAPACITY extend the system at a later date unless capacity has been allowed for at the design stage. ii. 5% spare capacity shall be included when selecting the central battery system rating. 5. CONTROL 1. GENERAL FEATURES i. The control equipment and accessories shall be tested and approved by the laborato- ries for Central battery system. The same shall be approved and registered by Civil Defence. ii. System shall be addressable, self diagnostic and automatic testing of luminaires. iii. Control unit operating temperature for indoor application shall be 100C TO 400C. iv. For outdoor applications, operating temperature of the control unit shall be –340C to 500C. (or the maximum forecast outdoor temperature) 2. MONITORING i. The load source shall be monitored for undervoltage and overvoltage on all of its un- grounded input lines. ii. The ECE and the utility shall be monitored for unacceptable conditions. iii. If a condition that is out of tolerance is sensed, the transfer switch shall automatically switch to the alternate source(s) of power, provided that the alternate source(s) of power itself is within tolerance. iv. When the preferred source of power returns to levels of output within equipment tolerance in its sensed parameters, the transfer switch shall initiate an automatic retransfer to the preferred source. v. An adjustable time delay shall be allowed to ensure that the preferred source is with- in its steady-state specification limits before such retransfer is performed. vi. Provision for retransfer to the preferred source also shall be available under manual command, provided the preferred source is within tolerance. vii. Retransfer shall be permitted to be sequenced if desired to pick up heavy loads with- out introducing further disturbances. 3. INTERLOCKING i. Interlocking shall be provided to prevent inadvertent interconnection of the pre- ferred and alternate power sources 4. TRANSFER SWITCH i. Automatic transfer switches shall be listed for emergency service as a completely factory-assembled and factory tested apparatus, and shall be electrically or electroni- cally operated rated for all classes of load to be served. ii. Automatic transfer switches shall be integral part of approved ECE System. iii. Instruction and equipment shall be provided for the manual nonelectric transfer or bypass in the event the automatic transfer switch malfunctions. 5. TEST SWITCH i. A test switch shall be provided on each automatic transfer switch that simulates fail- ure of the preferred power source. | CDGH-OP-25 | September 2018 Page 413 of 1348  Table 6.2: Specifications of Central Battery Emergency Lighting ITEMS REQUIREMENTS 5. CONTROL 6. INTERFACE FEATURES i. Central Battery System shall be interfaced with Building Monitoring System, comput- ers and the Fire Alarm control unit. 6. LUMINAIRE i. Central battery emergency lighting luminaires shall be listed and approved for the purpose. ii. Convertible light fittings shall not be permitted, unless approved and listed with test certification. iii. All emergency lighting luminaires (fixtures) shall be dedicated, marked with the maximum lamp wattage or electrical rating, manufacturer’s name, trade- mark, or other suitable means of identification. 7. EXIT SIGNS i. Where Exit signs are internally illuminated with central battery emergency lighting system (maintained type), the exit sign designs and specifications shall comply with Chapter 5. Exit Signs. 8. WIRING i. Wiring of all the central battery system shall be 2 hour fire rated, through- out. Wiring shall be permitted to be wired in the same raceway of Emergen- cy Systems but shall be totally independent of all other wiring and equip- ment. 9. CROSS ZONING i. Central battery luminaires shall be fed by minimum of two circuits in each zone of coverage. ii. Each area shall be covered by central battery luminaire in cross zoned ar- rangement, overlapping each area by luminaires from two different circuits. 10. FIRE PROTECTION i. Central Battery Room shall be protected with Automatic Clean Agent System as per Chapter 9. Fire Protection Systems. Figure 6.5: Typical Central Battery Emergency Lighting | CDGH-OP-25 | September 2018 Page 414 of 1348  3.3. Requirements of Monitored Type Self-contained Emergency Lighting 3.3.1. The requirements of Monitored Type Self contained emergency lighting shall be as per Table 6.3. Table 6.3: Specifications of Monitored Type Self-contained Emergency Lighting ITEMS REQUIREMENTS 1. TYPE OF POWER i. The type of power systems for Monitored type Self contained shall be at least Type 10, Class 3, Level 1 in accordance with NFPA 111, Standard on Stored Electrical Energy Emergency and Standby Power Systems. ii. The power System of the monitored type self contained system shall be of Type 10 which cut-in within 10 seconds of the failure of the mains. iii. The duration of the back-up of self contained battery power shall be of Class 3, that is for 3 hours (180 Minutes) iv. Power supply shall be of level 1 category which is installed where failure of the equipment to perform could result in loss of life. (Threat to building Life Safety) 2. SELF CONTAINED 1. BATTERIES LUMINAIRES i. Batteries shall be integral part of the luminaire, as ’self contained unit’. ii. The luminaire, internal ECE and internal Battery Unit shall be certified by the manufacturer with test certificates, stating the compliance with required out- put voltages and operating temperature range etc. iii. Operating temperature for indoor unit shall be 100C TO 400C. iv. For outdoor units, operating temperature shall be –340C to 500C. (or the max- imum forecast outdoor temperature) v. The self contained unit shall be designed to function at humidity from 5% to 95%. vi. The self contained emergency lighting unit shall have the capacity to supply energy for 180 minutes, uninterrupted. vii. Following a full discharge after 90 minutes of full rated operation, the self contained unit shall be capable of automatically resupplying the full rated load and full duration within 48 hours and of resupplying 60% of duration at full rated load within 24 hours. viii. Batteries shall be tested and approved for self contained emergency lighting system. 2. BATTERY REPLACEMENT i. Batteries shall be replaced as per manufacturer’s recommendation but shall not exceed 4 years. 3. LUMINAIRES i. Luminaires shall be addressable. ii. Luminaire shall be tested and certified by the manufacturer for serving as a unit in monitored type self contained emergency lighting system. iii. Convertible light fittings shall not be permitted, unless approved and listed with test certification. iv. All emergency lighting luminaires (fixtures) shall be dedicated, marked with the maximum lamp wattage or electrical rating, manufacturer’s name, trade- mark, or other suitable means of identification. | CDGH-OP-25 | September 2018 Page 415 of 1348  Table 6.3: Specifications of Monitored Type Self-contained Emergency Lighting ITEMS REQUIREMENTS 4. SPARE CAPACITY i. Any Emergency lighting system should be able to expand its network during later stage of the building life and it should be considered during design stage. ii. 5% spare capacity shall be included when selecting the monitored type self contained emergency lighting system. 5. MONITORING 1. GENERAL FEATURES i. The control equipment, self contained luminaire and accessories shall be tested and approved by the laboratories as an assembly and as a “system” to be acceptable as Monitored Type self contained emergency lighting sys- tem. ii. System shall be addressable, self diagnostic and automatic testing of lumi- naires. iii. Control unit operating temperature for indoor application shall be 100C TO 400C. iv. For outdoor applications, operating temperature of the control unit shall be –340C to 500C. (or the maximum forecast outdoor temperature) 2. MONITORING i. The load source shall be monitored for undervoltage and overvoltage on all of its ungrounded input lines. ii. Monitoring control unit shall automatically diagnose the health of batteries, battery output, luminary output level, circuit integrity. iii. Any abnormality in charging unit, mains supply, circuitry, low battery etc. shall be signaled as specific trouble indication on the control unit. 3. TESTING i. All the connected self contained luminaries shall be able to be tested and perform ‘walk test’ through central monitoring unit. ii. A test feature shall be available that simulates failure of the mains power supply. 4. INTERFACE i. Monitored type self contained system shall be interfaced with the Building Monitoring System, computer and the Fire Alarm control unit. 6. EXIT SIGNS i. Where Exit signs are internally illuminated with self contained emergency lighting system (maintained type), the exit sign designs and specifications shall comply with Chapter 5. Exit Signs. 7. WIRING i. Wiring of all the self contained luminaires into central monitoring unit shall not be required to be fire rated. 8. CROSS ZONING i. Not required | CDGH-OP-25 | September 2018 Page 416 of 1348  Figure 6.6: Typical Monitored Type Self Contained Emergency Lighting System | CDGH-OP-25 | September 2018 Page 417 of 1348  3.4. Requirements of Stand alone Self-contained Emergency Lighting 3.4.1. The requirements of stand alone Self contained emergency lighting shall be as per Table 6.4. Table 6.4: Specifications of Stand alone Self-contained Emergency Lighting ITEMS REQUIREMENTS 1. SELF CONTAINED 1. POWER LUMINAIRES i. The type of power systems available from stand alone Self contained lumi- naire shall be at least Type 10, Class 3, Level 1 in accordance with NFPA 111, Standard on Stored Electrical Energy Emergency and Standby Power Sys- tems. ii. The stand alone self contained luminaire shall be of Type 10 which cut-in within 10 seconds of the failure of the mains. iii. The duration of the back-up of stand alone self contained battery power shall be of Class 3, that is for 3 hours (180 Minutes) iv. Power supply shall be of level 1 category which is installed where failure of the equipment to perform could result in loss of life. (Threat to building Life Safety) 2. BATTERIES i. Batteries shall be integral part of the luminaire, as ’self contained unit’. ii. The luminaire, internal ECE and internal Battery Unit shall be certified by the manufacturer with test certificates, stating the compliance with required out- put voltages and operating temperature range etc. iii. Operating temperature for indoor unit shall be 100C TO 400C. iv. For outdoor units, operating temperature shall be –340C to 500C. (or the max- imum forecast outdoor temperature). v. The self contained unit shall be designed to function at humidity from 5% to 95%. vi. The self contained emergency lighting unit shall have the capacity to supply energy for 180 minutes, uninterrupted. vii. Following a full discharge after 90 minutes of full rated operation, the self contained unit shall be capable of automatically resupplying the full rated load and full duration within 48 hours and of resupplying 60% of duration at full rated load within 24 hours. viii. Batteries shall be tested and approved for self contained emergency lighting system. 3. BATTERY REPLACEMENT i. Batteries shall be replaced as per manufacturer’s recommendation but shall not exceed 4 years. 4. LUMINAIRES i. Luminaire shall be tested and certified by the manufacturer for serving as a stand alone type self contained emergency lighting system. ii. All emergency lighting luminaires (fixtures) shall be dedicated, marked with the maximum lamp wattage or electrical rating, manufacturer’s name, trade- mark, or other suitable means of identification. | CDGH-OP-25 | September 2018 Page 418 of 1348 4. Selection and Application of Emergency Lighting Systems 4.1. All the emergency lighting systems shall be designed and shall comply with general require- ments of Table 6.1. 4.2. Where central battery or monitored type emergency lighting is required by Table 6.5., a cen- tralized Emergency Lighting system shall be provided for the entire facility, to be under one facility management, covering all individual tenants, offices, shops, mercantile units, ware- houses etc. Buildings shall not be provided with multiple control equipment, multiple battery storage banks, serving individual tenants. 4.3. The selection of emergency lighting system for occupancies shall be in accordance with Table 6.5. 4.4. Applicability of emergency lighting luminaires at various locations, shall be as per Table 6.6. Table 6.5: Selection of Emergency Lighting Systems OCCUPANCY REQUIREMENTS 1. SUPER HIGHRISE i. Central Battery Emergency Lighting System as per Section 3.2., complete BUILDINGS with dedicated control equipment and computer interfacing shall be pro- 2. HIGHRISE vided. BUILDINGS 3. MALL OR 4. AMUSEMENT BUILDINGS i. Monitored Type Self Contained Emergency Lighting System as per Section 3.3., complete with dedicated control and monitoring equipment along with computer interfacing shall be provided. 5. MIDRISE i. Monitored Type Self Contained Emergency Lighting System as per BUILDINGS Section 3.3., complete with dedicated control and monitoring equipment 6. LOW RISE along with computer interfacing shall be provided. BUILDINGS 7. WAREHOUSES 8. FACTORIES 9. PRIVATE VILLAS i. Emergency Lighting is Not Mandatory. However, emergency lighting is re- 10. COMMERCIAL quired for basements, if any. VILLAS 11. BUSINESS, i. Stand alone Self Contained Emergency Lighting System as per Section 3.4., GROUP C shall be provided and permitted. 12. MERCANTILE, GROUP C 13. FUEL DISPENS- ING STATIONS (MINI MARTS, RESTAURANTS, SERVICE STATIONS ) 14. PRIVATE AND COMMERCIAL VILLA BASEMENT | CDGH-OP-25 | September 2018 Page 419 of 1348  Table 6.6: Applicability of Emergency Lighting Luminaire OCCUPANCY REQUIREMENTS 1. INSIDE FIRE PUMP ROOM, EPS ROOM i. Emergency Lighting Luminaire is mandatory. AND LARGE PLANT ROOMS 2. INSIDE AND OUTSIDE EMERGENCY COMMAND CENTER 3. INSIDE AND OUTSIDE STAIRWAYS 4. INSIDE LIFT LOBBY 5. INSIDE FIRE FIGHTERS LIFT LOBBY 6. IN EXIT CORRIDORS 7. INSIDE EXIT ACCESS CORRIDORS 8. INSIDE EXIT PASSAGEWAYS 9. INSIDE TUNNELS 10. ALL AREAS OF ENCLOSED BASEMENTS AND RAMPS 11. IN SERVICE CORRIDORS 12. OUTSIDE EXIT DISCHARGE 13. RECEPTION 14. LOCATION OF FACP 15. LOCATION OF FIRE HOSE CABINET 16. LOCATION OF FIRE EXTINGUISHER 17. LOCATION OF FIRST AID KIT 18. LOCATION OF SMOKE CONTROL PANEL 19. LPG TANK LOCATION 20. INSIDE HOTEL GUEST ROOM 21. ASSEMBLY SEATING AREAS 22. INSIDE COMMERCIAL KITCHEN 23. KITCHEN DELIVERY AREAS 24. INDOOR LOADING AND UNLOADING AREAS 25. INSIDE LV ROOM 26. INSIDE TRANSFORMER ROOM 27. INSIDE WASH ROOMS 28. SCHOOL CLASS ROOMS i. Emergency Lighting Luminaire is NOT mandatory. 29. INSIDE PATIENT SLEEPING ROOMS 30. INSIDE PRISON CELLS 31. SCHOOL OPEN CORRIDORS 32. OFFICES LESS THAN 60 m2 33. INSIDE GARBAGE ROOMS 34. INSIDE TYPICAL FLOOR ELECTRICAL ROOMS 35. INSIDE TYPICAL FLOOR TELEPHONE ROOMS | CDGH-OP-25 | September 2018 Page 420 of 1348 5. Design, Installation, Inspection and Maintenance of Exit Signs and Directional Signs 5.1. Design/Specification and Submittals 5.1.1. Design, Specifications and Submittals to Civil Defence for approval shall be main consultants responsibility. Consultant shall have competent and knowledgeable personnel to understand the Civil Defence requirements and codes and standards. 5.1.2. Design submittals shall be complete with appropriate selection of Emergency lighting system, design calculations showing the spacing criteria from manufactur- er, lumen output and spacing software printouts, location of emergency lighting units and layouts. 5.1.3. Consultant proposal shall comply with manufacturer’s specifications and this chap- ter. 5.2. Installation 5.2.1. Installation of Emergency Lighting Systems shall be carried out only by Civil De- fence approved and licensed contractors. General contractors, MEP Contractors, Electrical contractors, BMS Contractors, Home automation Contractors, Fit out contractors shall not be allowed to install Emergency Lighting Systems. 5.2.2. Installation contractor qualification and approval from Civil Defence is based on their training from respective system manufacturers, experience, understanding of codes and standards and workmanship. 5.2.3. Installation contractors shall apply to Civil Defence and secure passing marks in Civil Defence examination to gain license and be qualified as “approved Emergency Lighting Systems contractors”. 5.2.4. Installation contractor shall not commence work on site without receiving Civil De- fence stamped and approved drawings from the Consultant. 5.2.5. It is contractors responsibility to adhere to consultant’s Civil Defence approved drawings, Manufacturer’s installation guidelines and specifications along with the requirements of this chapter. 5.3. Inspection and Acceptance 5.3.1. Inspection and acceptance shall be main consultant’s responsibility. 5.3.2. Main consultant shall inspect contractor work during installations and ensure that Emergency Lighting locations and actual lux available on floor is as per approved drawings and calculations. 5.3.3. Consultant shall handover system inspection report, maintenance manuals to the owner. 5.4.. Inspection and Maintenance 5.4.1. The building owner, his appointed representative and the facility management shall be responsible to ensure that the Emergency lighting system is inspected reg- ularly and maintained to ensure its good working condition. | CDGH-OP-25 | September 2018 Page 421 of 1348 6. Emergency Lighting Systems Acceptance Test 6.1. The emergency lighting systems shall be tested as per Table 6.7. for acceptance. Table 6.7: Acceptance Test for Emergency Lighting ITEM REQUIREMENTS 1. LOCATION i. Verify the number and locations of emergency lighting luminaire as per ap- proved drawings. ii. Ensure all the locations required by Table 6.1.1 are implemented on site. 2. TRANSFER i. Upon completion of the installation, the system shall be tested to ensure con- AND LOAD formity with the requirements of this chapter, NFPA 70, NFPA 110 and NFPA 111 with respect to both power output and function. ii. With the batteries fully charged and with a connected load bank at rated val- ue, a normal power failure shall be initiated by opening all switches or break- ers supplying the normal power to that load. iii. For an emergency load that is not normally energized, the breakers to the monitored circuit that energizes the emergency load shall be opened. iv. The time delay between initiation of the power failure and the energizing of the load shall be observed and recorded. v. The voltage and current supplied to the emergency load and, where applica- ble, the frequency, waveform, and transients shall be recorded. vi. The load test shall be continued for 15 minutes and the following shall be ob- served and recorded: a. Voltage and current to the load b. Voltage and current of the battery bank c. Where applicable, the frequency vii. The normal power shall be restored to the monitored circuit. viii. The transfer time shall be observed. ix. Immediately following the test the system shall be connected to the normal power for 24 hours. 3. LUX i. The emergency illumination available at floor level, at the centerline of exit routes and open spaces shall be measured. ii. The initial lux shall not be less than an average of 10.8 lux, and at any point not less than 1.1 lux, measured at floor level along the egress path, or 1 m width of center line of this egress path. iii. The lux shall permitted to decline to not less than 0.65 at the end of, 3 Hours at any point, measured at floor level along the egress path, or 1 m width of cen- ter line of this egress path. iv. Lux shall not be less than 0.5 at open spaces. 4. BATTERY i. For central battery emergency lighting systems, battery room ventilation, ROOM proper storage arrangement shall be verified. 5. SELF TEST i. The self diagnostic test shall be conducted through the control unit or comput- er and recorded. 6. HANDING i. Operating, Inspection, Maintenance and Battery usage manuals along with OVER approved drawings shall be handed over to the owner of the building from the consultant. ii. Inspection report signed by Consultant, Contractors and Owner’s representa- tives. iii. Civil Defence NOC and completion certificates shall be handed over to the owner. | CDGH-OP-25 | September 2018 Page 422 of 1348 7. Inspection and Maintenance of Emergency Lighting 7.1. The emergency lighting systems shall be inspected as per Table 6.8. Table 6.8: Inspection and Maintenance ITEM REQUIREMENTS 1. MONTHLY i. Functional test shall be conducted every month for 30 seconds of simulation of mains failure. ii. For central battery and monitored type emergency lighting systems, self diag- nostic “walk-through” test shall be conducted through control unit or comput- er and ensure that circuit integrity, battery and charger health and luminaire output are satisfactory. iii. Luminaire output, battery and charger health, circuit integrity etc. shall be rec- orded. iv. The battery and associated charger/control equipment shall be checked to ver- ify that they are in a clean and satisfactory condition and that no exceptional environmental or other conditions exist that could damage or affect perfor- mance. v. Battery electrolyte levels shall be checked, where applicable, and refilled as necessary. vi. Terminals and intercell connectors shall be cleaned and regreased, if neces- sary, and cell tops shall be cleaned. vii. Individual cell voltages shall be checked and recorded where practical. viii. The specific gravity of pilot cells shall be checked and recorded, where applica- ble. ix. The conditions of the plates and sediment of free-electrolyte, lead–acid batter- ies in transparent containers shall be noted. x. All indicator lamps, meters, and controls shall be checked to verify that they are operating correctly. xi. The load value shall be checked to ensure that it is within the equipment rating. 2. ANNUALLY i. A functional test shall be conducted annually for minimum of 3 hours. ii. The battery shall be discharged fully for 3 hours and availability of lux shall be verified. iii. System shall be put back to normal charging condition after 3 hours of func- tional test. iv. The lux level shall not decline to not less than 0.65 at the end of 3 Hours, at any point, measured at floor level along the egress path, or 1 m width of center line of this egress path. 3. BATTERY i. Self contained luminaire’s batteries shall be replaced every 4 years. REPLACEMENT | CDGH-OP-25 | September 2018 Page 423 of 1348 8. Emergency Lighting Material Test Standards and Approval. 8.1. Acceptable Test Standards and criteria 8.1.1. All the Luminaires, Batteries, Fixtures, Materials, Systems, Assemblies, fittings, equipment, Products and Accessories, referred to in this chapter shall be Listed, Approved and Registered by the Civil Defence Material Approval Department. 8.1.2. There is no year of edition mentioned against any test standards. It is the intent of Civil Defence to convey to the customers seeking laboratory tests and the test la- boratories to follow the “LATEST EDITION OF THE TEST STANDARD, AS AND WHEN THEY ARE UPGRADED/REVISED/AMENDED, TO THE DATE.” 8.1.3. Self Contained Emergency Lighting Units i. ANSI/UL 924, Standard for Emergency Lighting and Power Equipment. ii. EN 60598-2-22, Emergency lighting luminaire 8.1.4. Monitored Type Emergency Lighting System i. UL 924, Standard for Emergency Lighting and Power Equipment ii. EN 62034, Automatic Test Systems for Emergency Lighting and Power Equipment 8.1.5. Central Battery Emergency Lighting Systems i. EN 50171, Standard for Central Battery Systems ii. ANSI/UL 924, Standard for Emergency Lighting and Power Equipment. 8.1.6. Emergency Lighting Luminaire i. EN 60598-1, Emergency Lights, general requirements and tests ii. EN 60598-2-22, Emergency lighting luminaire 8.1.7. Exit Signs i. ANSI/UL 924, Standard for Emergency Lighting and Power Equipment. ii. BS ISO 3864-1, Standard for Fire Safety Signs iii. BS 5499-1, Standard for Exit Signs 8.1.8. Tactile Signs i. UL 924, Standard for Emergency Lighting and Power Equipment | CDGH-OP-25 | Septemb