Grade 11 Web Design and Development U3 and 4 PDF

Grade 11 Web Design and Development Student Module UNIT 3 OPERATING SYSTEM AND APPLICATION SOFTWARE Unit Coverage This unit is designed to provide you the necessary information and practice regardi...

Grade 11 Web Design and Development Student Module UNIT 3 OPERATING SYSTEM AND APPLICATION SOFTWARE Unit Coverage This unit is designed to provide you the necessary information and practice regarding the following content coverage: 3.1.Operating Systems and Installation 3.2.Application Software Installation 3.3.Installing Devices Driver Unit Learning Outcomes This unit will also assist you to attain the following learning outcomes. Specifically, upon completion of this unit, you will be able to: ✓ Install operating system ✓ Identify Application software types Key Terms: Operating system (OS), Installation, Application software, Devices Driver 3.1. Operating Systems and Installation An operating system (OS) is software that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides services for computer programs. It acts as an intermediary between the user and the computer hardware, enabling the execution of applications and coordinating various system components. 3.1.1. Introduction to an operating system This unit focuses on the installation of operating systems, application software, and device drivers. It begins with an introduction to operating systems, covering their purpose and functions. The types of operating systems are explained, including examples such as Windows, macOS, and Linux. The process of installing an operating system is discussed, highlighting the steps involved. MINISTRY OF EDUCATION 40 Grade 11 Web Design and Development Student Module Next, the unit moves on to application software installation. Different types of application software are explored, such as productivity software, multimedia software, and specialized software. The concept of software licensing is introduced, including proprietary, open-source, and freeware licenses. The importance of accessing minimum and maximum hardware and operating system requirements is emphasized when installing application software. The unit also covers the installation, configuration, and launching of office applications. Additionally, the processes of updating and removing software are explained. The unit concludes with the topic of installing device drivers. The purpose and use of drivers are described, emphasizing their role in facilitating communication between hardware devices and the operating system. Different methods of driver installation are discussed, such as automatic installation through operating system updates or manual installation using driver installation files. The importance of regularly checking for installed drivers and updates is highlighted to ensure optimal device performance. Overall, this unit provides a comprehensive overview of the installation processes for operating systems, application software, and device drivers, enabling learners to effectively set up and configure computer systems. 3.1.2. Types of operating systems: There are different types of operating systems, including: Windows: Developed by Microsoft and widely used in personal computers. macOS: Developed by Apple and used in Mac computers. Linux: An open-source operating system available in various distributions, known for its flexibility and customization options. UNIX: A multi-user and multitasking operating system used in servers and enterprise environments. MINISTRY OF EDUCATION 41 Grade 11 Web Design and Development Student Module Self-check 3-2: 1. Dear all students let us go and search different windows operating system types from the internet. 2. Present for the class Please teachers give assignment for the students and ask to present for the class. 3.1.3. Operating system installation: Operating system installation involves preparing the installation media (such as a DVD or USB drive) and following a step-by-step installation process. The installation process typically includes selecting the installation type, partitioning the hard drive, specifying the installation location, and configuring system settings. Practical work: Operating System Installation steps The steps for installing an operating system may vary depending on the specific operating system you are installing. However, here is a general outline of the steps involved in installing an operating system: 1. Prepare for installation: Ensure that you have a compatible hardware setup for the operating system you are installing. Back up any important data from the existing operating system if you are performing a clean installation. 2. Prepare the operating system: Download the operating system installation files from the official website or obtain a physical installation disc or USB drive. 3. Create installation media (if necessary): If you have downloaded the operating system files, create a bootable USB drive or burn the files to a DVD or CD using appropriate software. MINISTRY OF EDUCATION 42 Grade 11 Web Design and Development Student Module 4. Configure the BIOS/UEFI settings: Restart your computer and access the BIOS or UEFI settings by pressing the designated key (usually displayed during the boot process). Configure the boot order to prioritize the installation media (USB or DVD drive) to boot from. 5. Start the installation process: Insert the installation media into the computer and restart it. Follow the on-screen prompts to start the installation process. 6. Select language and region settings: Choose your preferred language and region settings for the operating system. 7. Accept the license terms: Read and accept the license agreement for the operating system. 8. Choose the installation type: For a clean installation, select the option to install the operating system on a new or formatted partition. For an upgrade installation, choose the option to upgrade the existing operating system. 9. Select the installation location: Choose the disk or partition where you want to install the operating system. 10. Customize installation settings (if available): Some operating systems may provide additional customization options, such as selecting specific features or components to install. 11. Wait for the installation to complete: The installation process may take some time, during which the operating system files will be copied and configured on your computer. 12. Set up user accounts and preferences: Follow the prompts to create a user account and set up additional preferences, such as computer name, password, network settings, etc. 13. Complete the installation: Once the installation is finished, the computer may restart. Remove the installation media (USB or DVD) when prompted. MINISTRY OF EDUCATION 43 Grade 11 Web Design and Development Student Module 14. Install device drivers and updates: After the operating system installation is complete, install necessary device drivers for hardware components, such as graphics cards, sound cards, etc. Apply any available operating system updates and security patches. 15. Restore data and settings (if applicable): If you performed a clean installation, restore your backed-up data and settings to the newly installed operating system. 16. Restart the computer: Restart the computer to ensure that all changes and settings are applied correctly. These steps provide a general overview of the installation process, but it's important to refer to the specific documentation or instructions provided by the operating system manufacturer for detailed guidance. Windows 10 Installation steps 1. Create Windows 10 USB with Media Creation Tool To create an installation media using the Media Creation Tool, connect a USB flash drive of at least 8GB of space, and use these steps: A. Open the Windows 10 download page. B. Select the "Create installation media (USB flash drive, DVD, or ISO file) for another PC" option. 2. Windows 10 clean install process After the preparation, you can proceed with the clean installation of Windows 10. To do a clean installation of Windows 10, use these steps: 1. Start the PC with Windows 10 USB media. 2. On prompt, press any key to boot from the USB flash drive. 3. On the "Windows Setup," click the Next button. MINISTRY OF EDUCATION 44 Grade 11 Web Design and Development Student Module Quick tip: If your language, time and currency, and keyboard are different from the default selections, make sure to select the correct settings. 4. Click the Install now button MINISTRY OF EDUCATION 45  Grade 11 Web Design and Development Student Module 5. On a reinstallation, click the "I don't have a product key" option to continue (assuming your device was already activated). Otherwise, if this is your first time installing Windows 10, enter the product key. 6. Click the Next button. 7. Select the edition of Windows 10 (If applicable). Quick note: The selection has to match the edition of your product key. If you don't select the correct edition, Windows 10 won't activate, and you'll have to redo the entire process. MINISTRY OF EDUCATION 46  Grade 11 Web Design and Development Student Module 8. Click the Next button. 9. Select the "I accept the license terms" option to continue. 10. Click the Next button. 11. Click the "Custom: Install Windows only (Advanced)" option to continue with a clean installation. 12. Select the partition with the current installation (usually "Drive 0") and click the Delete button. Quick tip: If "Drive 0" has multiple partitions, you must select and delete each partition to allow the setup to use the entire hard drive for the new clean installation. The setup will create the required partitions automatically during the process. Also, it's not necessary to delete the partitions on secondary drives. MINISTRY OF EDUCATION 47 Grade 11 Web Design and Development Student Module 13. Click the Yes button. 14. Select the empty drive (Drive 0 Unallocated Space). 15. Click the Next button. Once you complete the steps, the setup will install a fresh copy of Windows 10 on the device. MINISTRY OF EDUCATION 48 Grade 11 Web Design and Development Student Module 3.2. Application Software Installation 3.2.1. Types of Application software: Application software refers to programs designed for specific tasks or purposes, such as word processing, spreadsheet management, graphic design, and multimedia editing. There are several types of application software, each designed to fulfill specific purposes and cater to different user needs. Here are some common types of application software: Word Processing Software: This type of software allows users to create, edit, and format text documents. Examples include Microsoft Word, Google Docs, and Apple Pages. Spreadsheet Software: Spreadsheet software enables users to manage and analyze numerical data in the form of tables. It provides functions for calculations, data visualization, and data manipulation. Examples include Microsoft Excel, Google Sheets, and Apple Numbers. Presentation Software: Presentation software is used to create visually appealing slideshows or presentations. Users can add text, images, charts, and multimedia elements to convey information effectively. Examples include Microsoft PowerPoint, Google Slides, and Apple Keynote. Database Software: Database software helps users store, manage, and organize large amounts of structured data efficiently. It allows for data entry, querying, and generating reports. Examples include Microsoft Access, MySQL, and Oracle Database. Graphics and Design Software: Graphics and design software are used to create and edit visual content, such as images, illustrations, and layouts. They provide tools for image editing, vector graphics, and page layout. Examples include Adobe Photoshop, Adobe Illustrator, and CorelDRAW. Web Browsers: Web browsers enable users to access and navigate websites on the internet. They provide a graphical interface for browsing web pages, displaying text, images, videos, and interactive content. Examples include Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, and Microsoft Edge. Communication Software: Communication software facilitates communication between individuals or groups. It includes email clients, instant messaging applications, video conferencing tools, and collaboration platforms. Examples include Microsoft Outlook, Gmail, Skype, and Slack. MINISTRY OF EDUCATION 49 Grade 11 Web Design and Development Student Module Multimedia Software: Multimedia software allows users to create, edit, and play various types of media content, such as audio, video, and images. It includes media players, video editors, audio editing software, and graphic editing tools. Examples include Adobe Premiere Pro, Windows Media Player, and Audacity. Utility Software: Utility software provides essential tools for system maintenance, optimization, and security. It includes antivirus software, disk cleaners, file compression tools, and backup software. Examples include Norton Antivirus, CCleaner, and WinRAR. Educational Software: Educational software is designed to support teaching and learning processes. It includes interactive learning programs, language learning software, educational games, and simulation tools. Examples include Rosetta stone, Moodle, and Scratch. These are just a few examples of the diverse range of application software available. The specific applications and their functionalities may vary depending on the operating system and the specific needs of the users. 3.2.2. Types of Software licensing: Software licensing determines the terms and conditions under which software can be used. Common licensing types include proprietary licenses (commercial software), open-source licenses (freely available source code), and freeware licenses (free to use without restrictions). 3.2.3. Accessing minimum and maximum hardware and operating system requirements: Before installing application software, it is important to check the minimum and maximum hardware requirements specified by the software vendor. These requirements include processor speed, RAM, storage space, and operating system version compatibility. Example: Confirm Windows 10 requirements If the device already has Windows 10, the following major update will likely meet the minimum hardware requirements. However, if you're about to upgrade a computer running Windows 7 or Windows 8.1, you want to check that the device meets the minimum requirements. Here are the minimum requirements to install Windows 10 versions 21H2, 22H2, and higher: Processor: 1GHz or System on a Chip (SoC). Memory: 1GB for 32-bit or 2GB for 64-bit. Storage: 32GB for 64-bit or 32-bit. Graphics card: DirectX 9 or later with WDDM 1.0 driver. Display: 800x600. MINISTRY OF EDUCATION 50 Grade 11 Web Design and Development Student Module You can use these instructions to check the device technical specifications to confirm you can do a clean install of Windows 10. 3.2.4. Install, configure, and launch office applications: The installation process for office applications typically involves running the installation file, following on-screen prompts, and entering license information if required. After installation, configuring the application involves setting preferences, customizing settings, and connecting to external services if necessary. Launching office applications can be done by clicking on their respective icons or through the Start menu or application launcher. 3.2.5. Update and Remove Software: Regular software updates are essential to ensure security, stability, and access to new features. Updates can be obtained through official software update mechanisms or by downloading and installing updates from the software vendor's website. Software removal can be done through the operating system's built-in uninstallation process or using dedicated uninstaller programs. 3.3. Installing Device Drivers Installing device drivers is the process of installing software that enables communication between the operating system and hardware devices. It involves downloading or using the installation CD provided with the device, running the installer, and following on-screen instructions. This ensures that the computer can effectively utilize the connected hardware device and ensure proper functionality. 3.3.1. Drivers and their use: Device drivers are software programs that enable communication between hardware devices and the operating system. They allow the operating system to understand and utilize the specific features and capabilities of different hardware components. 3.3.2. Driver installation methods: There are different methods for installing device drivers, depending on the operating system and the device being installed. Here are a few common methods: MINISTRY OF EDUCATION 51  Grade 11 Web Design and Development Student Module 1. Automatic installation through operating system updates: Many operating systems, such as Windows, have built-in mechanisms to automatically detect and install drivers for compatible hardware devices. These drivers are often obtained through regular system updates. 2. Manual installation using driver installation files: Device manufacturer's website: Most hardware manufacturers provide driver downloads on their websites. You can visit the manufacturer's support or downloads section, Find the appropriate driver for your device and operating system, and download the driver installation file (usually in the form of an executable or archive file). Device manager: In Windows, you can access the Device Manager by right-clicking on the Start button and selecting "Device Manager." From there, Find the device you want to install a driver for, right-click on it, and select "Update driver." You can choose to search for drivers automatically or browse your computer for driver software. If you have the driver installation file, you can select the "Browse my computer for drivers" option and provide the path to the driver file. Installing Drivers in Windows 10: A Step-by-Step Guide with Images Keeping your drivers updated is crucial for optimal performance and security on your Windows 10 machine. Whether you're building a new PC, experiencing issues, or simply want to ensure everything's up-to-date, and here’s a comprehensive guide with images: Method 1: Using Windows Update (Automatic) A. Open Settings: Click on the Start menu and select the gear icon. B. Navigate to Update & Security: Choose "Update & security" from the left-hand pane. C. Check for updates: Click on "Check for updates" and wait for the scan to complete. 1. Install drivers: If any driver updates are available, they'll be listed under "Optional updates." Select and install them by clicking "Download and install now." Image 1: Navigating to Update & Security Image 2: Checking for updates and installing drivers Opens in a new window MINISTRY OF EDUCATION 52  Grade 11 Web Design and Development Student Module Method 2: Using Device Manager (Manual) 1. Open Device Manager: Right-click the Start menu and select "Device Manager." 2. Expand device categories: Click the arrow next to each category (e.g., Display adapters, Network adapters) to reveal your devices. 3. Identify outdated drivers: Right-click on a device and select "Properties." Go to the "Driver" tab and check the "Driver Date" or "Driver Version." 4. Update drivers: Right-click the device again and choose "Update driver." 5. Search automatically: Select "Search automatically for updated driver software." Windows will search for and install available updates. MINISTRY OF EDUCATION 53 Grade 11 Web Design and Development Student Module fig 3: Device Manager Window Image 4: Updating drivers manually MINISTRY OF EDUCATION 54  Grade 11 Web Design and Development Student Module Method 3: Using Manufacturer's Website (Recommended) 1. Identify your hardware: Check your device's documentation or use a system information tool to identify the manufacturer and model number of your hardware (e.g., graphics card, network adapter). 2. Visit the manufacturer's website: Navigate to the website of your hardware manufacturer (e.g., NVIDIA, Intel, and Realtek). 3. Find drivers: Search for your specific device model and download the latest drivers compatible with your Windows 10 version. 4. Install drivers: Run the downloaded installer and follow the on-screen instructions. Image 5: Searching for drivers on a manufacturer's website Additional Tips: System restores point: Create a system restore point before updating drivers in case of any issues. Driver compatibility: Ensure you download drivers specifically designed for your Windows 10 version and hardware model. Third-party driver tools: Use them with caution, as they can sometimes install incompatible or unnecessary drivers. These steps and choosing the most suitable method, you can effectively install and update drivers on your Windows 10 system, ensuring smooth operation and optimal performance. 3.3.3. Checking installed drivers and updates: It's important to regularly check for installed drivers and updates to ensure optimal device performance and compatibility. Here's how you can check for installed drivers and updates: Device Manager: Gear icon with text "Right-click Start > Device Manager." Windows Update: Globe icon with text "Settings > Update & Security > Check for updates." Manufacturer Website: Globe/computer icon with text "Visit manufacturer website for specific updates." By regularly checking for installed drivers and updates, you can ensure that your hardware devices are functioning optimally with the latest driver versions and compatibility improvements. MINISTRY OF EDUCATION 55 Grade 11 Web Design and Development Student Module Unit Summary The "Install operating system and application software" unit cover the installation and management of operating systems, application software, and device drivers. It includes an introduction to operating systems, different types of operating systems, and the process of operating system installation. It also covers application software installation, software licensing types, hardware and operating system requirements, office application setup, software updates, and removal. Additionally, it provides an understanding of device drivers, driver installation methods, and checking for driver updates. This unit equips users with the necessary knowledge and skills to set up and maintain their computer systems effectively. Part 1: Practical work Dear Students! Practice in your Lab – Windows 10 Installation on your Desktop Computer Unit Review Questions 1. What is the purpose of an operating system? a) To provide hardware components for a computer b) To enable communication between software applications c) To manage computer resources and provide a user interface d) To store and organize data files 2. Which of the following is NOT a type of operating system? a) Windows c) Microsoft Office b) Linux d) macOS 3. How can you install an operating system on a computer? a) Insert the installation CD and follow the on-screen instructions b) Download the operating system from the internet and run the installer c) Use a USB drive with the operating system image and boot from it d) All of the above MINISTRY OF EDUCATION 56 Grade 11 Web Design and Development Student Module 4. What are the types of application software? a) Word processing, spreadsheet, and presentation software b) Graphics and design software c) Web browsers and communication software d) All of the above 5. What does software licensing refer to? a) The process of installing software on a computer b) The legal agreement between the software developer and the user c) The compatibility of software with different operating systems d) The cost of purchasing software 6. How can you check the minimum and maximum hardware requirements for installing software? a) Refer to the system requirements listed on the software package or website b) Contact the software developer's customer support for detailed specifications c) Check the operating system's documentation for compatibility information d) All of the above 7. What is the purpose of device drivers? a) To control the hardware components of a computer b) To provide software applications with additional functionality c) To manage the installation of operating systems d) To connect a computer to the internet 8. How can you install device drivers on a computer? a) Use the Device Manager in the operating system and update drivers b) Visit the manufacturer's website and download the latest driver c) Use Windows Update to automatically install driver updates d) All of the above 9. How can you check for installed drivers and updates? a) Open the Device Manager and view the list of installed drivers b) Use Windows Update to check for driver updates c) Visit the manufacturer's website and check for driver updates d) All of the above MINISTRY OF EDUCATION 57 Grade 11 Web Design and Development Student Module 10. What is the purpose of updating software? a) To improve software performance and add new features b) To remove the software from the computer c) To increase the software's compatibility with other applications d) To change the software's user interface MINISTRY OF EDUCATION 58  Grade 11 Web Design and Development Student Module UNIT 4 OPERATING SYSTEM ENVIRONMENT Unit Coverage This unit is designed to provide you the necessary information and practice regarding the following content coverage: 4.1.Understand and Customize the Desktop Environment 4.2.Manage files and folders 4.3.Access Basic system information 4.4.Uninstalling and removing Applications 4.5.Create and manage user accounts 4.6.Essential keyboard shortcuts 4.7.Use Windows system tools and applications Unit Learning Outcomes This unit will also assist you to attain the following learning outcomes. Specifically, upon completion of this unit, you will be able to: ✓ Navigate and use Operating system environment Key Terms: Desktop Environment, system information, user accounts, applications and keyboard shortcuts. 4.1. Navigate and use the Operating System environment Navigating and using the operating system environment involves familiarizing yourself with the user interface, accessing system features, and performing various tasks. This includes interacting with the desktop, managing files and folders, accessing system information, uninstalling applications, creating and managing user accounts, and utilizing essential keyboard shortcuts. To navigate the operating system environment, you need to understand and customize the desktop environment, which comprises components such as the desktop wallpaper, icons, and taskbar/dock, start menu/application launcher, window manager, panels/widgets, and file manager. MINISTRY OF EDUCATION 59 Grade 11 Web Design and Development Student Module Managing files and folders involves creating, copying, pasting, moving, and deleting files and folders. Additionally, you can search for specific files and folders to find them quickly. Accessing basic system information allows you to understand your computer's specifications and configuration. This information includes details about hardware components, software environment, and system settings. You can access system information through system tools or settings menus. 4.2. Desktop Environment A desktop environment is the graphical user interface (GUI) that allows users to interact with the operating system. It provides a visual representation of the operating system, including icons, menus, windows, and various graphical elements. The components of a desktop environment typically include: Desktop Wallpaper: The background image or pattern displayed on the desktop. Icons: Small graphical representations of files, folders, applications, or system functions. Icons provide shortcuts to access and launch various items. MINISTRY OF EDUCATION 60 Grade 11 Web Design and Development Student Module Taskbar/Dock: A horizontal or vertical bar located on the edge of the screen that displays icons or buttons representing running applications, system tray/notification area, and a quick launch area for frequently used applications. Start Menu/Application Launcher: A menu or button that allows users to access installed applications, system settings, and search for files and programs. Window Manager: Manages the appearance, placement, and behavior of windows on the desktop. It enables users to resize, move, minimize, maximize, and close windows. Panels/Widgets: Additional bars or areas on the desktop can display various information. Such as a clock, system status, weather or quick access to specific functions. File Manager: A tool for navigating, managing, and organizing files and folders on the computer. Customization options for the desktop environment may vary depending on the operating system and specific desktop environment being used. Users can often personalize the desktop environment by changing wallpaper, icon themes, window decorations, and adjusting settings for panels, menus, and other visual elements. 4.3. Manage Files and Folders: Managing files and folders is an essential aspect of organizing and maintaining a structured digital environment. It involves creating, renaming, moving, copying, and deleting files and folders based on specific requirements. Effective file and folder management ensures easy access, efficient storage, and streamlined workflow. By organizing files and folders in a logical and systematic manner, users can quickly find and retrieve information, reduce clutter, and improve overall productivity. Additionally, employing consistent naming conventions, utilizing descriptive folder structures, and implementing file backup strategies contribute to maintaining data integrity and safeguarding important information. MINISTRY OF EDUCATION 61 Grade 11 Web Design and Development Student Module 4.3.1. Create, Copy, Paste, Move, and Delete Files and Folders: Managing files and folders is an essential part of using an operating system. Here are some common file and folder management tasks: Copy past Delete MINISTRY OF EDUCATION 62 Grade 11 Web Design and Development Student Module Creating Files or Folders: Windows: Right-click in the desired location, select "New," and choose either "Folder" or the specific file type you want to create (e.g., "Text Document"). Copying Files or Folders: Windows: Select the file(s) or folder(s), right-click, and choose "Copy." Then navigate to the destination location, right-click, and choose "Paste." Moving Files or Folders: Windows: Select the file(s) or folder(s), right-click, choose "Cut," navigate to the destination location, right-click, and choose "Paste." Deleting Files or Folders: Windows: Select the file(s) or folder(s), press the "Delete" key, and confirm the deletion in the prompt. 4.3.2. Search Files and Folders: Searching for files and folders can be helpful when you have a large number of items on your computer. Here's how to search for files and folders: Windows: File Explorer: Open File Explorer (Windows key + E) and use the search box in the top-right corner to enter your search query. The search results will appear as you type. Start Menu: Click on the Start button or press the Windows key, then start typing your search query. The search results will appear in the Start menu. Windows: Using System Information: Press the Windows key + R to open the Run dialog, type "msinfo32" (without quotes), and press Enter. The System Information window will display various details about your system, including hardware components, software environment, and system settings. Using System Settings: Open the Settings app by clicking on the Start button and selecting the gear icon. Go to "System" and then "About." Here, you can find information about your device, such as the processor, RAM, and Windows specifications. MINISTRY OF EDUCATION 63 Grade 11 Web Design and Development Student Module 4.4. Uninstalling and Removing Applications Uninstalling or removing applications is necessary when you want to remove unnecessary programs from your computer. Here are instructions for different operating systems: Control Panel: 1. Search for "Control Panel" in the Start menu. 2. Go to "Programs and Features". 3. Select the app you want to uninstall and click "Uninstall". 4.5. Create and Manage User Accounts Group work:- How many ways are there to break a lost password, to create and delete user accounts prepare a video tutorial/ step by step and present for the class. Please Teacher help to do this Creating and managing user accounts is important for maintaining separate profiles and access privileges on a computer. Here's how to create and manage user accounts on different operating systems: Settings: Open Settings and go to "Accounts" > "Family & other users". Click "Add someone else to this PC". Choose a local account or Microsoft account. Set a name and password. Manage User Accounts: Change account types: - Choose the desired account type from the drop-down menu: Standard account: Limited privileges for basic tasks. Administrator account: Full control over the system. Guest account: Temporary access with limited permissions. MINISTRY OF EDUCATION 64 Grade 11 Web Design and Development Student Module 4.6. Essential Keyboard Shortcuts Keyboard shortcuts are combinations of keys that provide quick access to various functions and features within an operating system. Here are some essential keyboard shortcuts commonly used in Windows: Practice the following Essential Keyboard Shortcuts for Windows 10 Function Shortcut Notes Navigation Open Start Menu Windows key Minimize all windows Windows key + M Restore minimized windows Windows key + Shift + M Switch between open apps Alt + Tab Cycle through apps in use Switch between windows Ctrl + Tab Cycle through open windows within within an app the current app Maximize window Windows key + Up arrow Minimize window Windows key + Down arrow Close window Alt + F4 Move window Click and hold title bar, then drag Resize window Click and hold edge, then drag File Management Open File Explorer Windows key + E Search for files Windows key + S Cut selected item Ctrl + X Copy selected item Ctrl + C Paste copied item Ctrl + V Undo last action Ctrl + Z Redo last action Ctrl + Y Delete selected item Delete key Rename selected item F2 Editing Undo last action Ctrl + Z Redo last action Ctrl + Y Copy selected text Ctrl + C Paste copied text Ctrl + V Cut selected text Ctrl + X Select all text Ctrl + A Bold text Ctrl + B Italicize text Ctrl + I Underline text Ctrl + U System Controls MINISTRY OF EDUCATION 65 Grade 11 Web Design and Development Student Module Lock computer Windows key + L Sign out of user account Ctrl + Alt + Delete Choose "Sign out" option Shut down computer Alt + F4 Choose "Shut down" option Take screenshot Print Screen key Saves screenshot to clipboard Take screenshot of specific Windows key + Shift + S Select area with cursor, saves area screenshot to file Open Task Manager Ctrl + Shift + Esc Open Settings Windows key + I Additional Useful Shortcuts Refresh current window F5 Find text in current window Ctrl + F Rename a desktop icon F2 Open context menu for Right-click selected item Show desktop Windows key + D Open Run dialog Windows key + R Note: This table only includes a selection of essential shortcuts. Many other shortcuts are available depending on the specific program or task you are performing. You can usually find a list of shortcuts within the program itself or by searching online. These are just a few examples, and there are many more keyboard shortcuts available in Windows, depending on the version and installed applications. 4.7. Use Windows system tools and applications 4.7.1. System utility tools: System utility tools are designed to help you manage and maintain your computer. Some common system utility tools in Windows include: Task Manager: Allows you to monitor and manage running processes, end unresponsive applications, and view system performance. Disk Cleanup: Helps you free up disk space by removing unnecessary files and temporary data. Disk Defragmenter: Optimizes the arrangement of files on your hard drive to improve performance. Device Manager: Displays and manages the hardware devices installed on your computer. MINISTRY OF EDUCATION 66 Grade 11 Web Design and Development Student Module System Configuration: Allows you to manage startup programs, services, and boot settings. Control Panel: Provides access to various system settings and configuration options. 4.7.2. Accessibility tools: Accessibility tools are designed to enhance the usability and accessibility of the operating system for users with disabilities. Windows provides several built-in accessibility tools, including: Magnifier: Enlarges a portion of the screen to make it easier to see. Narrator: Reads aloud on-screen text and provides audio descriptions of events. On-Screen Keyboard: Displays a virtual keyboard on the screen for users who cannot use a physical keyboard. High Contrast: Adjusts the color scheme of the display to improve visibility for users with visual impairments. Speech Recognition: Allows users to control their computer using voice commands. 4.7.3. Basic built-in applications: Windows comes with a set of basic built-in applications that cover common tasks. These include: Notepad: A simple text editor for creating and editing plain text files. Paint: A basic image editing tool for creating and modifying images. Calculator: A calculator application for performing basic arithmetic calculations. Windows Media Player: A multimedia player for playing audio and video files. Microsoft Edge: The default web browser in Windows, used for browsing the internet. These built-in applications provide essential functionality, but you can also install additional applications from the Microsoft Store or other sources to expand your software options. Note that the availability and features of these tools and applications may vary depending on the version of Windows you are using. Practical Work: 1. Dear all students let us go to identify system utility tools, accessibility tools and built in application on windows. MINISTRY OF EDUCATION 67 Grade 11 Web Design and Development Student Module Please teacher form in group and evaluate the students as per the presentation Unit Summary In order to navigate and use the operating system environment effectively, users need to understand and customize the desktop environment. This includes familiarizing themselves with the components of a desktop environment, such as the taskbar, icons, menus, and wallpaper, and customizing them to suit their preferences. Managing files and folders is another important aspect, involving tasks such as creating, copying, and pasting, moving, and deleting files and folders, as well as searching for specific files or folders. Basic system information can be accessed to gain insights into the computer's specifications and performance. Uninstalling and removing applications that are no longer needed is also essential to free up disk space and maintain system efficiency. Creating and managing user accounts allows for different individuals to have personalized settings and access controls. Learning and utilizing essential keyboard shortcuts can greatly enhance productivity. Windows system tools and applications, including system utility tools, accessibility tools, and basic built-in applications, provide additional functionality for various tasks and requirements. By mastering these skills, users can effectively navigate and utilize the operating system environment. Unit Reviews Questions 1. Which of the following are components of a desktop environment? a) Taskbar, icons, menus, and wallpaper b) File Explorer, Control Panel, and Start menu c) Browser, email client, and media player d) Keyboard, mouse, and monitor MINISTRY OF EDUCATION 68 Grade 11 Web Design and Development Student Module 2. How can you create a new folder in the operating system? a) Right-click on the desktop and select "New Folder" b) Press Ctrl + N on the keyboard c) Open File Explorer, right-click in the desired location, and select "New" > "Folder" d) Press Alt + F4 on the keyboard 3. Which action allows you to search for specific files and folders in the operating system? a) Ctrl + C b) Ctrl + V c) Ctrl + F d) Ctrl + X 4. What does accessing basic system information provide? a) Insights into the computer's specifications and performance b) Access to the internet c) Ability to install new applications d) Control over user accounts 5. How can you uninstall an application from the operating system? a) Delete the application's shortcut from the desktop b) Drag the application's icon to the Recycle Bin c) Open Control Panel, go to "Programs" or "Apps & Features," and select the application to uninstall d) Press Ctrl + Alt + Delete on the keyboard 6. Why creating and managing user is accounts important? a) It allows for personalized settings and access controls b) It speeds up the computer's performance c) It provides additional storage space d) It improves internet connectivity 7. Which of the following is an essential keyboard shortcut for copying selected files or folders? a) Ctrl + C c) Ctrl + V b) Ctrl + X d) Ctrl + D MINISTRY OF EDUCATION 69 Grade 11 Web Design and Development Student Module 8. What are system utility tools in the operating system used for? a) Customizing the desktop environment b) Managing files and folders c) Optimizing system performance and troubleshooting issues d) Accessing basic system information 9. What is the purpose of accessibility tools in the operating system? a) To enhance security and protect user data b) To improve user interface design and aesthetics c) To provide additional features for users with disabilities d) To manage and organize files and folders 10. Which of the following is an example of a basic built-in application in the operating system? a) Microsoft Word c) Internet Explorer b) Adobe Photoshop d) Calculator MINISTRY OF EDUCATION 70 Grade 11 Web Design and Development Student Module Answer Key for Self-Check Questions Answers for Self-check 1-1: 1. The role of HTML in front-end development is to structure the content of a web page. HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) provides the basic building blocks, or elements, that define the different parts of a webpage, such as headings, paragraphs, images, links, and forms. 2. CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) contributes to the visual styling of a website by controlling the presentation and layout of HTML elements. CSS allows developers to define colors, fonts, sizes, spacing, and other visual properties of elements, thereby creating a consistent and visually appealing design for the website. 3. JavaScript is a programming language that adds interactivity and dynamic behavior to websites. In front-end development, JavaScript is primarily used to manipulate the HTML and CSS of a webpage, handle user interactions, and create dynamic content. It enables features like form validation, animations, interactive menus, and real-time updates without requiring a page refresh. Answers for Self-check 1-2: 1. Some common back-end programming languages are: Python, Java, Ruby, PHP, C#, Node.js (JavaScript runtime for server-side development), etc. 2. Databases play a crucial role in back-end development. They are used to store and manage data for web applications. The role of databases in back-end development includes: Storing and retrieving data: Databases provide a structured way to store and retrieve data efficiently. Data modeling: Databases allow defining data schemas and relationships between entities. MINISTRY OF EDUCATION 71 Grade 11 Web Design and Development Student Module Querying and manipulation: Databases support querying and manipulating data using languages like SQL (Structured Query Language). Data integrity and security: Databases ensure data integrity through constraints and provide security features like authentication and access control. 3. Some popular back-end frameworks or libraries and their use cases are: Django (Python): Django is a high-level web framework that follows the model- view-controller (MVC) architectural pattern. It is well-suited for building complex, data-driven web applications. Spring Boot (Java): Spring Boot is a Java framework that simplifies the development of Java-based web applications. It provides a robust and scalable infrastructure for building enterprise-level applications. Ruby on Rails (Ruby): Ruby on Rails, often referred to as Rails, is a web application framework written in Ruby. It emphasizes convention over configuration and enables rapid development of database-backed web applications. Laravel (PHP): Laravel is a PHP framework known for its elegant syntax and developer-friendly features. It provides a solid foundation for building secure and scalable web applications. Express.js (Node.js): Express.js is a minimalistic and flexible web application framework for Node.js. It is widely used for building fast and lightweight server- side applications and APIs. Answers for Self-check 1-3: 1. Full-stack development refers to the practice of working on both the front-end and back- end aspects of a web application. A full-stack developer is capable of handling both the client-side (front-end) and server-side (back-end) development tasks. In contrast, front- end development focuses on the user interface and user experience, while back-end development deals with server-side logic and database management. 2. Advantages of being a full-stack developer include: Versatility: Full-stack developers have a broader skill set and can work on various aspects of a project, which makes them valuable assets in a development team. MINISTRY OF EDUCATION 72 Grade 11 Web Design and Development Student Module Independence: Full-stack developers can independently work on both front-end and back-end tasks, reducing dependencies on other team members. Holistic understanding: By working on both ends of the application, full-stack developers have a comprehensive understanding of the entire development process, enabling them to make informed decisions and contribute effectively to the project. 3. Skills and knowledge required for full-stack development: Front-end technologies: Proficiency in HTML, CSS, and JavaScript is essential for full-stack developers to build responsive and interactive user interfaces. Back-end programming languages: Full-stack developers should be familiar with at least one back-end programming language such as Python, Java, Ruby, or Node.js to handle server-side logic. Databases: Knowledge of database systems like MySQL, PostgreSQL, or MongoDB is necessary to handle data storage and retrieval. APIs and web services: Understanding how to design, build, and consume APIs is crucial for integrating front-end and back-end components. Version control: Proficiency in version control systems like Git allows full-stack developers to manage code repositories efficiently. Problem-solving and debugging: Full-stack developers should have strong problem-solving skills and be able to troubleshoot issues across the entire application stack. Project management: Full-stack developers may be involved in project management tasks, so knowledge of project management methodologies and collaboration tools can be beneficial. Answers for Self-check 2-1: 1. Connect Hardware and Network Peripherals: The key components of a computer system include the central processing unit (CPU), memory (RAM), storage devices (hard drives or solid-state drives), input devices (keyboard, mouse), output devices (monitor, printer), and communication devices (network interface cards). MINISTRY OF EDUCATION 73 Grade 11 Web Design and Development Student Module Generations of computers refer to different eras or stages of technological advancements in computer systems. They are categorized as follows: First Generation: The earliest computers built using vacuum tubes and large- scale electronic components. Second Generation: Computers that utilized transistors, which were smaller, faster, and more reliable than vacuum tubes. Third Generation: Computers that adopted integrated circuits, allowing for increased computing power and reduced size. Fourth Generation: Computers that introduced microprocessors, leading to significant advancements in speed and performance. Fifth Generation: Computers characterized by the development of artificial intelligence and advanced parallel processing. Characteristics that define a computer system include its ability to input, process, store, and output data. Computers are programmable, digital, and capable of performing complex calculations and tasks. Answers for Self-check 2-2: 2. Safe Work Conditions and Procedures: General safety guidelines when working with computers include: Ensuring proper ergonomic setup for comfortable posture and reduced strain. Taking regular breaks to prevent eye strain and musculoskeletal issues. Keeping the workspace clean and organized to avoid hazards and tripping. Using proper cable management to prevent tripping and electrical hazards. Fire safety is crucial in a computer environment because computers generate heat and use electrical power. Fire hazards can arise from faulty wiring, power surges, or overheating components. Fire safety measures include: Installing and regularly testing smoke detectors and fire alarms. Keeping fire extinguishers accessible and knowing how to use them. MINISTRY OF EDUCATION 74 Grade 11 Web Design and Development Student Module Implementing proper ventilation and cooling systems to prevent overheating. Using surge protectors and uninterrupted power supply (UPS) devices to protect against electrical fires. Answers for Self-check 2-3: 3. Equipment Protection: ESD (Electrostatic Discharge) protection is a set of measures taken to prevent damage to computer equipment from static electricity. It is important because static electricity can cause immediate or latent damage to sensitive electronic components. Different types of power fluctuations that can affect computer systems include voltage sags (temporary drop in voltage), surges (temporary increase in voltage), spikes (sudden brief increases in voltage), interruptions (complete loss of power), and transients (rapid changes in voltage). Answers for Self-check 2-4: 4. Environment Protection: Proper disposal of computer equipment is important for the environment to prevent electronic waste from polluting landfills and releasing hazardous materials into the ecosystem. Computers contain toxic substances like lead, mercury, and flame-retardant chemicals that can contaminate soil and water if not disposed of correctly. Recommended disposal procedures for computer equipment include: Recycling through authorized e-waste recycling programs or facilities. Securely erasing data before disposal to protect sensitive information. Donating or reselling functional equipment to extend its lifespan. Disassembling components and separating materials for recycling. Following local regulations and guidelines for handling hazardous materials during disposal. MINISTRY OF EDUCATION 75