Fundamentals of Soil Science: Soil Forming Rocks and Minerals PDF
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Uploaded by WillingQuartz3383
Birsa Agricultural University
Dr. Manas Denre
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Summary
This document provides an introduction to soil forming rocks and minerals. It briefly defines rocks and discusses their formation processes. The document also classifies igneous rocks based on chemical compositions and origins. It's a good overview of the foundational concepts in soil science.
Full Transcript
Dr. Manas Denre Course title Fundamentals of Soil Science Topic “Soil Forming Rocks and Minerals” Dr. Manas Denre Assistant Professor Cum Junior Scientist Department of Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry...
Dr. Manas Denre Course title Fundamentals of Soil Science Topic “Soil Forming Rocks and Minerals” Dr. Manas Denre Assistant Professor Cum Junior Scientist Department of Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry Agriculture College Garhwa Birsa Agricultural University Ranchi-834006, Jharkhand Introduction Definition of Rocks Rocks are the materials that form the essential part of the Earth’s solid crust. “Rocks are hard mass of mineral matter comprising one or more rock forming minerals”. Rocks are formed from the molten material known as magma. The study of rocks is called Petrology (in Greek, petra means rock, logos means science). Petrology deals with the description of rocks; petrogenesis is the study of the origin of rocks. Formation of rocks The processes involved in the formation of three major rocks (Figure 1) (Figure 1) Classification of Igneous Rocks A. On the basis of chemical composition 1. Acid Rocks: Silica is present >60% in these rocks Examples: Granite, Rhyolite, sandstone and gneiss 2. Intermediate or Neutral Rocks: Silica is present 50-60% in these rocks. Examples: diorite and andesite 3. Basic Rocks: In these rocks
