Topic 4 PPT Muscle Physiology Student Copy.pdf

MUSCLE PHYSIOLOGY Prepared by: Myzelle Anne J. Infantado, PTRP, MSc (cand.) Updated by: Anna Dominique T. Castro, PTRP Objectives 1. Apply concepts of muscle physiology by explaining how muscle contraction occurs during exercise 1. Describe the similarities and differences in the function...

MUSCLE PHYSIOLOGY Prepared by: Myzelle Anne J. Infantado, PTRP, MSc (cand.) Updated by: Anna Dominique T. Castro, PTRP Objectives 1. Apply concepts of muscle physiology by explaining how muscle contraction occurs during exercise 1. Describe the similarities and differences in the function of 3 types of muscle tissue 2. Describe the connective tissue layers that support the skeletal muscle during a contractions 3. Describe the structures that contribute to the excitability of a skeletal muscle 4. Describe the structures that contribute to the contractility of the muscle 5. Outline the steps involved in the sliding filament mechanism of muscle contraction 6. Summarize how muscle action potentials arise at the neuromuscular junction 2. Apply concepts of muscle physiology, particularly explaining how a skeletal muscle uses energy for contraction 1. Identify the sources of energy for muscle contraction 2. Discuss the important functions of ATP in muscle contraction and relaxation 3. Distinguish between anaerobic glycolysis and aerobic respiration 4. Describe the factors that contribute to muscle fatigue 5. Explain the differences of the types of skeletal muscle fibers: Slow oxidative, Fast oxidative-glycolytic fibers, and Fast glycolytic fibers 6. Give examples of muscle groups where each type of fibers is abundant. 3. Explain how muscle tension control works in the body 1. Describe the structure and function of a motor unit, and define motor unit recruitment 2. Explain the phases of a twitch contraction 3. Describe how the frequency of stimulation affects muscle tension 4. Explain how muscle tension is produced  Properties of a Muscle Contractility Excitability Extensibility Elasticity ©DLSMHSI – MAJINFANTADO | ATCASTRO. This presentation is exclusively intended for Year 1 BSPT students enrolled in CRS102: Human Physiology for the academic year 2024-2025. If you are not a member of this class, you should not have access to this material.  Parts of a Skeletal Muscle ©DLSMHSI – MAJINFANTADO | ATCASTRO. This presentation is exclusively intended for Year 1 BSPT students enrolled in CRS102: Human Physiology for the academic year 2024-2025. If you are not a member of this class, you should not have access to this material.  Parts of a Skeletal Muscle ©DLSMHSI – MAJINFANTADO | ATCASTRO. This presentation is exclusively intended for Year 1 BSPT students enrolled in CRS102: Human Physiology for the academic year 2024-2025. If you are not a member of this class, you should not have access to this material.  Parts of a Skeletal Muscle ©DLSMHSI – MAJINFANTADO | ATCASTRO. This presentation is exclusively intended for Year 1 BSPT students enrolled in CRS102: Human Physiology for the academic year 2024-2025. If you are not a member of this class, you should not have access to this material.  Level: Muscle Fiber Where excitation occurs (Where the nerve meets the muscle) ©DLSMHSI – MAJINFANTADO | ATCASTRO. This presentation is exclusively intended for Year 1 BSPT students enrolled in CRS102: Human Physiology for the academic year 2024-2025. If you are not a member of this class, you should not have access to this material.  Electrical Components Structure ©DLSMHSI – MAJINFANTADO | ATCASTRO. This presentation is exclusively intended for Year 1 BSPT students enrolled in CRS102: Human Physiology for the academic year 2024-2025. If you are not a member of this class, you should not have access to this material. ©DLSMHSI – MAJINFANTADO | ATCASTRO. This presentation is exclusively intended for Year 1 BSPT students enrolled in CRS102: Human Physiology for the academic year 2024-2025. If you are not a member of this class, you should not have access to this material.  EXCITATION OF THE MUSCLE FIBER: RELEASE OF ACETYLCHOLINE Source: Principles of Anatomy & Physiology (Tortora & Derrickson, 2021) ©DLSMHSI – MAJINFANTADO | ATCASTRO. This presentation is exclusively intended for Year 1 BSPT students enrolled in CRS102: Human Physiology for the academic year 2024-2025. If you are not a member of this class, you should not have access to this material.  EXCITATION OF THE MUSCLE FIBER: GENERATION OF ACTION POTENTIAL Resting membrane potential Depolarization Repolarization Source: Principles of Anatomy & Physiology (Tortora & Derrickson, 2021) ©DLSMHSI – MAJINFANTADO | ATCASTRO. This presentation is exclusively intended for Year 1 BSPT students enrolled in CRS102: Human Physiology for the academic year 2024-2025. If you are not a member of this class, you should not have access to this material.  EXCITATION OF THE MUSCLE FIBER: DEPOLARIZATION Resting membrane potential Depolarization Sodium channels are open, sodium ions move inward Plasma membrane becomes positive ©DLSMHSI – MAJINFANTADO | ATCASTRO. This presentation is exclusively intended for Year 1 BSPT students enrolled in CRS102: Human Physiology for the academic year 2024-2025. If you are not a member of this class, you should not have access to this material.  EXCITATION OF THE MUSCLE FIBER: REPOLARIZATION Depolarization Repolarization Sodium channels are open, sodium ions Voltage-gated Na+ channels are now closed move inward K+ diffuses out of cell (back to negatively charged) Plasma membrane becomes positive ©DLSMHSI – MAJINFANTADO | ATCASTRO. This presentation is exclusively intended for Year 1 BSPT students enrolled in CRS102: Human Physiology for the academic year 2024-2025. If you are not a member of this class, you should not have access to this material.  EXCITATION OF THE MUSCLE FIBER: PROPAGATION OF ACTION POTENTIAL ©DLSMHSI – MAJINFANTADO | ATCASTRO. This presentation is exclusively intended for Year 1 BSPT students enrolled in CRS102: Human Physiology for the academic year 2024-2025. If you are not a member of this class, you should not have access to this material.  MECHANICAL CONTRACTION OF THE MUSCLE FIBER: SLIDING FILAMENT THEORY ©DLSMHSI – MAJINFANTADO | ATCASTRO. This presentation is exclusively intended for Year 1 BSPT students enrolled in CRS102: Human Physiology for the academic year 2024-2025. If you are not a member of this class, you should not have access to this material. ©DLSMHSI – MAJINFANTADO | ATCASTRO. This presentation is exclusively intended for Year 1 BSPT students enrolled in CRS102: Human Physiology for the academic year 2024-2025. If you are not a member of this class, you should not have access to this material.  MECHANICAL CONTRACTION OF THE MUSCLE FIBER: SLIDING FILAMENT THEORY in SARCOMERES ©DLSMHSI – MAJINFANTADO | ATCASTRO. This presentation is exclusively intended for Year 1 BSPT students enrolled in CRS102: Human Physiology for the academic year 2024-2025. If you are not a member of this class, you should not have access to this material.  EXCITATION-CONTRACTION COUPLING Begins at the neuromuscular junction with production of action potential at the sarcolemma Propagation of action potential along the entire sarcolemma of the muscle fiber into the T tubules These tubules wrap around sarcomeres where actin and myosin overlap and carry action potentials into the interior of a muscle fiber Action potentials caused the Ca2+ channels to open and calcium ion rapidly diffuses out of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Binding of troponin and calcium, exposure of active sites, binding of actin and myosin to form cross-bridges Muscle contract when cross-bridges move ©DLSMHSI – MAJINFANTADO | ATCASTRO. This presentation is exclusively intended for Year 1 BSPT students enrolled in CRS102: Human Physiology for the academic year 2024-2025. If you are not a member of this class, you should not have access to this material.  HOW DOES A SKELETAL MUSCLE USE ENERGY FOR CONTRACTION? ©DLSMHSI – MAJINFANTADO | ATCASTRO. This presentation is exclusively intended for Year 1 BSPT students enrolled in CRS102: Human Physiology for the academic year 2024-2025. If you are not a member of this class, you should not have access to this material.  BREAKDOWN of ATP during MUSCLE CONTRACTION ©DLSMHSI – MAJINFANTADO | ATCASTRO. This presentation is exclusively intended for Year 1 BSPT students enrolled in CRS102: Human Physiology for the academic year 2024-2025. If you are not a member of this class, you should not have access to this material.  SOURCES of ATP in SKELETAL MUSCLE ©DLSMHSI – MAJINFANTADO | ATCASTRO. This presentation is exclusively intended for Year 1 BSPT students enrolled in CRS102: Human Physiology for the academic year 2024-2025. If you are not a member of this class, you should not have access to this material.  FACTORS CONTRIBUTING to MUSCLE FATIGUE FATIGUE: Temporary state of reduced work capacity ©DLSMHSI – MAJINFANTADO | ATCASTRO. This presentation is exclusively intended for Year 1 BSPT students enrolled in CRS102: Human Physiology for the academic year 2024-2025. If you are not a member of this class, you should not have access to this material.  TYPES OF SKELETAL MUSCLE FIBERS ©DLSMHSI – MAJINFANTADO | ATCASTRO. This presentation is exclusively intended for Year 1 BSPT students enrolled in CRS102: Human Physiology for the academic year 2024-2025. If you are not a member of this class, you should not have access to this material.  HOW IS A MUSCLE TENSION PRODUCED? ©DLSMHSI – MAJINFANTADO | ATCASTRO. This presentation is exclusively intended for Year 1 BSPT students enrolled in CRS102: Human Physiology for the academic year 2024-2025. If you are not a member of this class, you should not have access to this material.  MOTOR UNIT ©DLSMHSI – MAJINFANTADO | ATCASTRO. This presentation is exclusively intended for Year 1 BSPT students enrolled in CRS102: Human Physiology for the academic year 2024-2025. If you are not a member of this class, you should not have access to this material.  TWITCH CONTRACTION Brief contraction of all muscle fibers in a motor unit in response to a single action potential in its motor neuron ©DLSMHSI – MAJINFANTADO | ATCASTRO. This presentation is exclusively intended for Year 1 BSPT students enrolled in CRS102: Human Physiology for the academic year 2024-2025. If you are not a member of this class, you should not have access to this material.  MUSCLE TONE ISOTONIC and ISOMETRIC CONTRACTIONS ©DLSMHSI – MAJINFANTADO | ATCASTRO. This presentation is exclusively intended for Year 1 BSPT students enrolled in CRS102: Human Physiology for the academic year 2024-2025. If you are not a member of this class, you should not have access to this material.  Force of Contraction of the Muscle 1. Neuronal Activity 2. Frequency of Stimulation 3. Muscle Fiber Diameter and length at the time of contraction ©DLSMHSI – MAJINFANTADO | ATCASTRO. This presentation is exclusively intended for Year 1 BSPT students enrolled in CRS102: Human Physiology for the academic year 2024-2025. If you are not a member of this class, you should not have access to this material. Questions? References VanPutte, C. L., Regan, J. L., Russo, A. F., Seeley, R. R., Stephens, T., & Tate, P. (2020). Seeley’s Anatomy & Physiology. McGraw-Hill.* Marieb, M., Keller, S. (2019). Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology. 13th edition. San Francisco, CA: Pearson Benjamin Cummings. Tortora, G. J., & Derrickson, B. (2017). Principles of Anatomy & Physiology. 15th edition. Danvers,MA, Wiley.