Principles Of NRM And Characteristics Of Natural Resources PDF

PRINCIPLES, CHARACTERISTICS AND SETTING OF NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT Learning Content for Weeks 3-4 (6 hours) Natural Resource Conservation and Management/Technology BS in Environmental Science 1st sem. SY 2024-25 Richel E. Re...

PRINCIPLES, CHARACTERISTICS AND SETTING OF NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT Learning Content for Weeks 3-4 (6 hours) Natural Resource Conservation and Management/Technology BS in Environmental Science 1st sem. SY 2024-25 Richel E. Relox, Ph.D. Associate Professor V Department of Environmental Science and Technology College of Science and Mathematics Email: [email protected] 1  What is Natural Resource Management? principles and practices for sustainably managing natural resources such as soil, water, forests, fisheries and biodiversity focuses on ecological and social components of sustainable management of natural resources, especially biological resources provides principles of interdisciplinary natural resource management and planning (Source: Coenen and Kazakov, 2012) Source: https://haribon.org.ph 2  Source: https://catchmenttocoast.org set of principles and practices that organize and trade-off the use of resources for human utilization which does not compromise the ability of the managed environment to provide other ecosystem services. includes concepts of sustainability, resilience and stewardship, political/economic/cultural realities that may constrain or modify natural resource management strategies 3 (Source: Coenen and Kazakov, 2012)  What is a Natural Resource? component of the natural environment like soil, water, rangeland, forest, wildlife, and minerals that species depend on for their welfare. provides the ecosystem services that enables better quality of human life in the form of both consumptive and public-good services. ecological processes that maintain soil productivity, nutrient recycling, cleansing of air and water, and climatic cycles. Source: https://eschooltoday.com/natural- essential to sustainable resources/images/where-do-raw-materials-come-from.jpg development and depends on the continued functioning of healthy ecosystems. 4 Source: Muralikrishna and Manickam (2017), Tietenberg and Lewis, 2009, Chiras and Reganold, 2014) Source: https://eschooltoday.com/natural-resources 5  1. Renewable Resources Resources that replenish naturally by some biological or geophysical process. Resources whose continued harvest or utilization depends on proper human planning and management. Improper utilization and/or management of these resources results in impairment eventually with harmful social and economic effects. 6 Source: Chiras and Reganold, 2014  Examples: Forests - source of timber and paper pulp - source of scenic beauty - agent in erosion control - as recreational areas - as wildlife habitat Source: Chiras and Reganold, 2014 Source: https://www.fao.org/forests/en 7 Wild animals - provide aesthetic value, hunting sport, and food. Source: Chiras and Reganold, 2014 8  Products of lakes, streams, and oceans such as fishes, seaweeds and many others Source: Vedra et al., 2019 9 Source: Chiras and Reganold, 2014  Energy resources - wind energy, solar energy, geothermal energy, tidal energy, and hydropower - theoretically unlimited and inexhaustible Source: Chiras and Reganold, 2014 Source: https://taraenergy.com/blog/renew able-energy-need-to-know/ 10  2. Non-Renewable Resources Resources like coal, oil, and minerals that cannot be replenished within a reasonable period by natural processes. Nonrenewable resources occur in a fixed amount or amount of these resources are finite For example, when destroyed or consumed like when coal is burned, the resource cannot be replaced. 11 Source: Chiras and Reganold, 2014, Tientenberg and Lewis, 2008  Examples: Fossil fuels - this resource was produced by processes that happened millions of years ago. - consumption through burning of this resource may release heat, water, and gases like carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and sulfur dioxide to the environment - gases may result to air pollution problems and resources cannot be recycled Source: https://www.britannica.com/science/fossil- Source: Chiras and Reganold, 2014 fuel 12  Nonmetallic minerals. - includes phosphate rock, glass, sand, and salt. - Phosphate rock is of important as a source of fertilizer. Source: https://growgreenfertiliser.com Source: Chiras and Reganold, 2014 13  Metals - includes gold, platinum, silver, cobalt, lead, iron, zinc, and copper. - zinc is used in galvanized iron to prevent rusting, while tin is used in toothpaste tubes, and iron is used in cans, auto bodies, and bridges. - these resources can be recycled. Source: https://www.automation.com Source: Chiras and Reganold, 2014 Video for renewable and non-renewable 14 resources: https://youtu.be/PLBK1ux5b7U (1) Exploitation (2) Preservation (3) Utilitarian approach (4) Ecological or sustainable approach 15 Source: Chiras and Reganold, 2014  belief that natural resources should be used as intensively to provide the greatest profit. philosophy started early in the United States’ history and continues today in many parts of the world, especially in the less-developed nations that are beginning to industrialize. Source: https://time.com 16 Source: Chiras and Reganold, 2014  exploitive ideology to maximize human gain with little concern for natural resources. supply of resources is considered to be unlimited and that nature only serve humans. nature is of no importance to humans other than as a source of Photo by: Relox (2015) commodities to make our lives better. 17 Source: Chiras and Reganold, 2014  2. Preservation: Nature-Centered Approach suggests that natural resources should be preserved, set aside, and protected. for example, a forest should not be used as a source of timber of humans. should be preserved in its natural state as a wilderness. Photo by: Relox (2015) 18 Source: Chiras and Reganold, 2014  preservation ideology is the opposite of the exploitive approach. probably started in reaction to the observed effects of exploitation. prefer to work within the system to protect wild areas. recognize the need for resources and wise management of these resources. Photo by: Relox (2015) 19 Source: Chiras and Reganold, 2014  renewable resources like soil, rangelands, forests, wildlife and fisheries should be managed so that they will never be exhausted. requires careful management will ensure their replenishment so they can serve future generations Photo by: Relox (2015) 20 Source: Chiras and Reganold, 2014  for example, if a forest has been logged, the site must be reforested naturally or artificially so that a new forest can develop over time and provide timber for future generations. Photo by: Relox (2015) 21 Source: Chiras and Reganold, 2014  4. Sustainable Approach understanding of ecology, the study of the interrelationships between organisms and their environment. policies related to improve management are designed to protect more than harvestable species. Photo by: Relox (2015) 22 Source: Chiras and Reganold, 2014  efforts are made to protect entire ecosystems, particularly harvestable renewable resources for example, soil in a forest must be protected to ensure a constant supply of lumber. because if we let soil erosion, lumber production will Photo by: Relox (2015) decrease. 23 Source: Chiras and Reganold, 2014 RESOURCE MANAGEMENT: SOCIOCULTURAL AND INSTITUTIONAL SETTING 24  What is a Society? is a group of people involved with each other through continual relations large social grouping sharing the similar geographical or social territory or under similar political authority and dominant cultural expectations Photo by: Relox (2015) Source: https://www.sciencedaily.com/term s/society.htm 25  What is Culture? refers to the customary beliefs, social forms, and material traits of a racial, religious, or social group Photo by: Relox (2015) Source: https://www.merriam- webster.com/dictionary/cultur 26 e  What is a Socio-Cultural System? set of component parts forming loosely together to form a coherent whole. holistic approach to looking at both the non-material cultural constructs including faith, value systems, philosophy and the social structures like political organizations, civil organizations, educational systems and many others and how the two interact. Source: Photo by: Relox (2015) https://systemsinnovation.io/s ociocultural-systems/ 27  Economic and Social Parameters – Population size – Population growth rate – Population density – Age – Sex – Degree of urbanization – Number of people living within or adjacent tom forest lands – Poverty incidence – Life expectancy – Literacy level – GDP (GDP/capita, GDP growing rate, percentage of GDP from agriculture and industry) 28 Source: Chiras and Reganold, 2014  What is a Population the whole number of people or inhabitant s in a country or region Source: Source: Chiras and Reganold, 2014 https://www.merriam- webster.com/dictionary /population 29  Difference of Population Growth in Less Developed and More Developed Countries Source: Chiras and Reganold, 2014 30  Demographic Transition Source: Chiras and Reganold, 2014 31  Types of Population Growth Source: Chiras and Reganold, 2014 32  Philippine Socio-Cultural Setting: Source: White, 2017 https://slideplayer.com/slide/10374972/ 33  Ethnicity in the Philippines Source: https://www.reddit.com 34  An established official organization having an important role in a society like church or government Source: Photo: Relox (2015) https://www.lexico.com /definition/institution 35  What is an Organization? A social unit of people that has a structure and can manage to meet a need or to pursue collective goals Source: http://www.businessdic tionary.com/definition/o rganization.html Source: https://pinaytraveller.com/ 36  Types of Organizations Government organizations Market and economic organizations Civil society organizations Mass media Religious organizations Non-government Organizations People’s organizations Photo by: Relox (2015) 37  Organizational Structure 38 Source: https://www.denr.gov.ph/index.php/about-us/organizational-structure  a republic with a presidential form of government wherein power is equally divided Composed of three branches such as executive, legislative and judiciary government seeks to act in the best interests of its citizens through this system of check and balance Photo by: Relox (2015) Source: https://www.gov.ph/philippine- government Photo by: Relox (2011) 39  Philippine Political Structure 40 Source: https://www.gov.ph/philippine-government Coastal resource mgt video: https://youtu.be/FvMAglxho8w watershed mgt video: https://youtu.be/PqqihHnVdmk 41 Thank you. 42