A&P Ch5 Bones Review PDF

Anatomy Chapter 5 Skeletal System Name_______________________________ 1. List AND DESCRIBE the three types of joints. 1. Synarthroses- immovable joints 2.amphiarthrosis- permits only slight movement 3. Diarthrosis- freely movable joints...

Anatomy Chapter 5 Skeletal System Name_______________________________ 1. List AND DESCRIBE the three types of joints. 1. Synarthroses- immovable joints 2.amphiarthrosis- permits only slight movement 3. Diarthrosis- freely movable joints 2. Where does ossification in a long bone begin? - The epiphysis 3. What bones are included in the axial skeleton? (List them all!) Mandible Maxilla Zygomatic Temporal Frontal Parietal Occipital Nasal Hyoid 4. What are sutures? Helps hold tissues together 5. The bone proximal to the patella is the __femur __. 6. Bone formation occurring in cartilage is known as _____endochondrial and intracartilaginous ossification ____. 7. Distinguish between ligaments and tendons. Tendon is bone to bone Ligament is bone to tissue 8. Where does hematopoiesis (the formation of red blood cells) occur? The bone marrow 9. What is the outer covering of a bone called? periosteum 10. What is a compound fracture? A fracture with a piece of bone sticking out. 11. What is a simple fracture? A brake that does not puncture the skin 12. What is osteoarthritis? -itis= inflammation When the flexible cartilage part of the bone wears down, usually seen in older people. 13. One function of bone is to store _stroing minerals__. 14. List the 5 functions of the skeletal system. 1.movement 2.protection  3.produces blood cells 4.structure and support 5. Stores calcium and phosphate 15. List AND DESCRIBE the 3 types of bone cells. 1. Osteoblast: forming bones 2. Osteoclast: reabsorb and break down bones 3. Osteocytes: mature bone cells 16. How many bones are in a "normal" adult skeleton? 206 17. What bones are included in the appendicular skeleton? (List them all!) 18. What are processes? a projection or outgrowth of tissue from a larger body. 19. What are the two main minerals that make up the matrix of bone? Calcium and phosphate 20. How many cervical vertebrae in the human body? 7 21. What are the names of C1 and C2? C1-Atlas C2-Axis 22. What are articulations? Where two or more bones meet 23. Distinguish between an endoskeleton and an exoskeleton. Endoskeleton is the inside of the body Exoskeleton is the outside of the body 24. What are the 4 principle types of bones? Long bone, short bone, flat bone, and irregular bone. 25. What is the liquid found in joints to prevent friction? Synovial fluid 26. What are 3 types of joints? 1. Gliding joints 2. Hinge joint 3. Pivot joint 27. What is the freest moving joint in the body? Ball and socket joint 28. What is the periosteum? 29. What are two forms of ossification in humans? Intramembranous ossification and intracartilaginous ossification 30. Distinguish between epiphysis and diaphysis. Epiphysis: wider part of the bone like the top or bottom Diaphysis: the longer part of the bone like the middle