Timeline History of Motion Film.pdf

Timeline History of Motion Film Film: The term film was first used to describe a specific technology- a thin, flexible material coated in light- sensitive emulsion that retains an image after it’s exposed to light. The Dawn of Film (1890s - 1910s) Film started out as a bunch of still images v...

Timeline History of Motion Film Film: The term film was first used to describe a specific technology- a thin, flexible material coated in light- sensitive emulsion that retains an image after it’s exposed to light. The Dawn of Film (1890s - 1910s) Film started out as a bunch of still images viewed one after another in quick succession, which creates the illusion of motion. 19th century British Scholar Peter Mark Roget was the first to describe these tricks: Persistence of Vision. Phi Phenomenon: is an optical illusion that lets you see a series of images in rapid succession as continuous motion. AKA Flip book. 1891: Thomas Edison and William(WKL) Dickson developed the Kinetoscope for individual film viewing. Dickson invented the first motion picture camera the Kinetograph and the peep show style movie kinetoscope. Edison used the Etienne-Jules Marey invention of the chronophotographic gun as a guide to invent the camera that Dickson and he needed to make the camera for the Kinetoscope.That used celluloid filmstrips that were coated in light- sensitive emulsion that was made my by George Eastman of Eastman Kodak. Kinetoscopes had no sound. It used the film from the Kinetograph to play the images as a movie. Only one person at a time could watch and it held 40-50 ft rolls of film and the movies were only 16 seconds long. First film production studio was run by Dickson and it was in West Orange, New Jersey called the Black Maria. 1895: The Lumière Brothers in France held the first public film screening, marking the birth of cinema. They invented the lightweight all in one motion picture device that made movies and exhibited them. It was called the cinematographe. It used a hand crank to cut down on electricity. It used the 35mm film and it was reconfigured into a projection machine so many people could view the film. Silent Film Era (1910s - 1920s) 1915: D.W. Griffith's _The Birth of a Nation_ became one of the first feature-length films. Studio: this is where the movie is made/ Distributor: from where movies are marketed and shipped off for delivery./ exhibitors: where movies are viewed. Feature Film: is a movie with a running time long enough to be considered the principle film in a program. These films ranged from 70-130 minutes long. Griffith is credited with creating the CLOSE UP shot. This is where the camera focuses on a close up on a character's face during a heightened moment of drama. This film caused so much controversy because it was a racist film that ignited protests  and inspired hate groups to reconstitute in America. 1927: _The Jazz Singer_ introduced synchronized dialogue, ending the silent film era with its famous "talkie." There were two processes to put sound on film. The first was the tri ergon process; it would translate sound waves into electrical pulses then into light. This process would allow filmmakers to record sound directly onto film strips; this would eliminate problems with syncing sound to film. The second advancement was the audio tube created by Lee D. Forest; this invention finally allowed amplification of the sound. Forest ended up combining his amplification of sound on film process making his own design the phono film. Despite his popularity it failed to capture the attention of HOLLYWOOD STUDIO! Hollywood used the vitaphone instead; this was a sound on disk format created by western electric that in 1925 went into business with a studio called WARNER BROTHERS PICTURES INC. Paramount produced the first film to have synchronized voice and music and was one of the most expensive films with a budget of $500,000 starring famous singer Al Jolson. This film also had a very racist detail. Can anyone guess what it is? This movie brought in $3.5 million at the box office This film had 6 synchronized songs but had 2 synchronized dialog scenes that made the film. Plot twist films were never silent. WHAT!!!!!! Yes this is true usually at these theaters there were bands or orchestras that played music to cause emphasis on dramatic or romantic scenes or there was an actor to create live voice overs. Golden Age of Hollywood (1930s - 1940s) 1930s: Studios like Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM) started producing lavish musicals and dramas. Metros star was Eddie Cantor he started in the following musicals Whoopee (1930) The Kid From Spain (1932) Roman Scandals (1933) Kid Millions (1934) Strike Me Pink (1936) MGM was the only Hollywood studio making annual profit throughout the Great Depression more than any other studio. 1939: _Gone with the Wind_ and _The Wizard of Oz_ showcased the Technicolor process. These are not the first color films but they're the first TECHNICOLOR movies so they're the first to go through this type of color process.  The technicolor camera shoots it through a prism that splits the light into red, blue and green negative for the picture, negatives would be flipped into positive matrices(may-tra-cees) they would get soaked with complementary color dyes which is cyan, yellow and magenta. Then it would go through a dye transfer process. Film Noir and the Rise of Television (1940s - 1950s) 1940s: Film Noir captured post-war anxieties with moody visuals and complex characters. 1950s: Television's popularity soared, changing how audiences consumed visual media and encouraging the film industry to innovate with color and widescreen formats. New Waves and Independents (1960s - 1970s) 1960s: French New Wave filmmakers like Jean-Luc Godard broke narrative rules, influencing global cinema. 1977: _Star Wars' spectacular effects and storytelling ushered in the blockbuster era. Technological Innovations (1980s - 1990s) 1980s: The rise of CGI transformed movies with films like _Tron_ and _The Abyss_. 1995: Pixar's _Toy Story_ became the first feature-length film entirely created using CGI. Digital and Global Expansion (2000s - 2010s) 2000s: Digital cameras and editing fundamentally changed production processes. 2010s: Streaming platforms allowed for a more diversified audience and content, and films like _The Avengers_ pioneered shared universe storytelling. Present Day (2020s) 2020s: Virtual reality and augmented reality technologies continue to push the boundaries of immersive storytelling, while global cinema grows more interconnected through online platforms.