The Solar System PDF

Who first proposed the idea of nebular theory? Who provided a more detailed and mathematical treatment of nebular hypothesis? Pierre Simon Marquis de Laplace Arrange the following in order of formation: 1....

Who first proposed the idea of nebular theory? Who provided a more detailed and mathematical treatment of nebular hypothesis? Pierre Simon Marquis de Laplace Arrange the following in order of formation: 1. Accretion 2. Planetesimals 3. Protostar Nebula Gravity 4. 5. Aside from the Sun, what other stars are also near to the Earth? Alpha Centauri A, B&C Almost 4.4 lightyears away from us  CONSTELLATIONS a group of stars that appears to form a pattern or picture Properties of Stars Color Temperature Mass Magnitude  Star’s color is determined by the temperature of the star’s surface. Sirius Aldebaran What color are cool What color are warm What color are stars? stars? extremely hot stars?  Temperature & Color & Brightness 1. Hottest stars: Blue and White Stars are the brightest 2. Warm stars: Yellow & Orange Stars 3. Coldest stars: Red stars are less bright Mass & Brightness 1. Giant & Supergiant Stars are the brightest even if they are cooler. 2. Smaller stars (even though white) may have high temperatures but appear faint What are the celestial objects found in the observable universe?  PLANETS Large, round masses of rock, metal or gas that usually orbit around a star.  COMETS cosmic snowballs of frozen gases, rock, and dust that orbit the Sun.  STARS A ball of gases that performs nuclear fusion which releases energy as heat and light.  ASTEROID A very large rock or metal that orbits the sun SATELLITES Celestial objects that orbit a planet  METEOROID A small piece of rock or metal that orbits the sun and can enter the earth’s atmosphere. What is the name of our galaxy?  A nebula is a vast, cloud-like region in space consisting Pillars of primarily of gas and Orion Nebula Creation dust. Nebulas are essential components in the life cycle of stars and galaxies. Helix Nebula Crab Nebula THE SOLAR SYSTEM  I’m 4.5 billion HOW MANY years YOUNG. STAR/S IS/ARE :P THERE IN THE SOLAR SYSTEM? Just me. Only me. Heaviest object in the solar system  Made of approximately 91% Hydrogen and 8.9% Helium The sun’s volume would need 1.3 million Earths to fill it. -NASA  SOURCE OF LIFE ON EARTH What stage of life is our sun? MAIN SEQUENCE INNER PART OF THE SUN CORE Heart of the sun Nuclear fusion happens RADIATIVE ZONE Region in which energy produces in the core radiates toward the surface of the sun CONVECTIVE ZONE The energy waves, which is weakened by their passage through radiative zone, pass through this region via constantly churning convection currents OUTER PART OF THE SUN  PHOTOSPHERE Surface of the sun Where light & heat are emitted (This is what it looks like if the atmosphere is removed.) CHROMOSPHERE Lower atmosphere of the sun Highly agitated zone of thin gases Reddish in color  CORONA Outer portion of the sun’s atmosphere  SUNSPOT Dark area of the sun results from lower temperature of gases  GRANULES Bright clouds observed in the chromospheres near the sunspot’s regions PROMINENCE Mixtures of hot gases, tongue-like flames of hydrogen gas, that shoot out from the sun’s surface PROMINENCE SOLAR FLARE THE PLANETS Terrestrial Planets Mercury Venus Earth Mars ROCKY! Jovian Planets Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune GASEOUS! HOTTEST PLANET? VENUS LARGEST PLANET? JUPITER SMALLEST PLANET? MERCURY RED PLANET? MARS TALLEST MOUNTAIN IN THE S.S. OLYMPUS MONS (Mars) LARGEST STORM IN THE S.S. THE GREAT RED SPOT (Jupiter) LARGEST MOON IN THE S.S. GANYMEDE (Jupiter’s) BRIGHTEST PLANET IN THE SKY VENUS -NASA PLANET THAT SPINS ON ITS SIDE URANUS PLANET WITH THE MOST MOONS SATURN Structure of the sun from its innermost to outermost? The hottest planet? The smallest planet? The red planet? Tallest volcano in the solar system? Where? Tallest volcano in the solar system? Where? Largest storm? Where? Largest moon in the s.s.? This is the moon of? Brightest planet in the sky? Planet that spins on its side? Planet with the most satellite?