The Library of Alexandria PDF

**The Library of Alexandria** **The Library of Alexandria was the greatest library of the ancient world. Built around 280 BC, this library held as many as 700,000 books and scrolls. Think of all that ancient wisdom! Some of it was timeless. Most of it was rare. Much of it was burned.** **To apprec...

**The Library of Alexandria** **The Library of Alexandria was the greatest library of the ancient world. Built around 280 BC, this library held as many as 700,000 books and scrolls. Think of all that ancient wisdom! Some of it was timeless. Most of it was rare. Much of it was burned.** **To appreciate the Library of Alexandria, you have to understand the rarity of books at that time. This library was built 1600 years before the invention of the printing press. Every text in the collection was handwritten. It took a lot more work to make a book back then. Books were very expensive. The collection of texts at the Library of Alexandria was priceless in every sense.** **Naturally, this library was located in Alexandria, a seaport in Egypt. Alexander the Great established this city in 331 BC. He built a very large empire that respected and preserved knowledge. The Library of Alexandria grew from this empire.** **The rulers of Alexandria wanted their library to be a collection of all the world\'s knowledge. That was a pretty big mission at the time. That\'s a mission that Google and others are still pursuing today. Can you imagine what it was like trying to collect all the world\'s knowledge before computers? The rulers of Alexandria took some extreme actions to pursue their mission.** **They sent royal agents across the known world to collect texts. They gave these agents large sums of money and instructed them to buy any book that they could find. They preferred older texts, but they would buy books written by any author on any subject.** **As time passed, the rulers of Alexandria became more aggressive in their mission. They searched for books on all ships that entered their ports. Alexandria was a trading hub and many ships came and went. Government agents seized every book that they found. They brought the books to the library and scholars would copy them. Sometimes the library kept the originals. And they returned the copies to the visitors.** **Another interesting acquisition involved the Athenians. Athens was a neighbouring city-state to Alexandria in the Macedonian Empire. The Alexandrians wanted some classic Greek texts from the Athenians. They convinced the Athenians to lend them the original copies of these texts. The Alexandrians claimed that they would copy these texts. The Alexandrians gave the Athenians a tremendous sum to secure the loan. They gave them over 1,000 pounds of silver as collateral. The Alexandrians did copy the books, but they returned the copies to the Athenians. The Alexandrians happily forfeited the collateral to keep the original texts.** **One ill-fated night in 48 BC, the Library of Alexandria burned. Roman general Julius Caesar was fighting a civil war against the Roman Senate. While engaged in battle, Caesar felt it wise to set fire to his own ships and burn the docks at Alexandria. The fire spread and destroyed the Library of Alexandria. The flames consumed many texts. Some texts may have been saved. The full-damage of the episode is unknown. The library was later rebuilt, but was thereafter less noted in history.** TEXT A +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ | **The Act of Reading** | | | | Did you know that some people don\'t do their reading assignments? | | It\'s shocking, but it\'s true. Some students don\'t even read short | | texts that they are assigned in class. There are many reasons for | | this. They may be distracted or bored. They may be unwilling to | | focus. They may be unconfident readers. Whatever the reason, it has | | to stop today. Here\'s why. | | | | Reading stimulates your mind. It is like a workout for your brain. | | When people get old, their muscles begin to deteriorate. They get | | weaker and their strength leaves them. Exercise can prevent this | | loss. The same thing happens to people\'s brains when they get older. | | Brain power and speed decline with age. Reading strengthens your | | brain and prevents these declines. | | | | You can benefit from reading in the near-term too. Reading provides | | knowledge. Knowledge is power. Therefore, reading can make you a more | | powerful person. You can learn to do new things by reading. Do you | | want to make video games? Do you want to design clothing? Reading can | | teach you all this and more. But you have to get good at reading, and | | the only way to get good at something is to practice. | | | | Read everything that you can at school, regardless of whether you | | find it interesting. Reading expands your vocabulary. Even a | | \"boring\" text can teach you new words. Having a larger vocabulary | | will help you better express yourself. You will be able to speak, | | write, and think more intelligently. What\'s boring about that? | | | | Do not just discount a text because it is unfamiliar to you. Each | | time you read, you are exposed to new ideas and perspectives. Reading | | can change the way that you understand the world. It can give you a | | broader perspective on things. It can make you worldlier. You can | | learn how people live in faraway places. You can learn about cultures | | different from your own. | | | | Reading is good for your state of mind. It has a calming effect. It | | can lower your stress levels and help you relax. You can escape from | | your troubles for a moment when you read, and it\'s a positive | | escape. The benefits of reading far outweigh those of acting like a | | doofus. So do yourself a favor: the next time you get a reading | | assignment, take as much as you can from it. Squeeze it for every | | drop of knowledge that it contains. Then move on to the next one. | +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+.