Eye Diseases: Diseases & Conditions PDF

EENT The Eye & Ear EYE PHYSIOLOGY Miebomian gland  XEROPHTALMIA EYE DRYNESS Clinical manifestations (burning, itching, sandy sensations & redness)  - Blepharitis - Blepharitis is an infection affects the skin of the eyelids mainly...

EENT The Eye & Ear EYE PHYSIOLOGY Miebomian gland  XEROPHTALMIA EYE DRYNESS Clinical manifestations (burning, itching, sandy sensations & redness)  - Blepharitis - Blepharitis is an infection affects the skin of the eyelids mainly at lid margin - It usually involves the part of the eyelid where the eyelashes grow (lid margins) manifestation: Crusted eyelashes upon awakening (dried sebum) Sensitivity to light Frothy tears Loss of eye lashes The eyelids may appear greasy and crusted -Stye: - is A red lump filled with pus on the edge of your eyelid resulting in: Swelling and red eyelid Abscess formation Stye - Chalazion Small lump that become red, swollen and tender or painful. - Blurred vision by distorting the shape of the eye. - A Chalazion can cause the entire eyelid to swell Incised Chalazion Chalazion  Conjunctivitis ("pink eye") Definition: Inflammation of the conjunctiva, which is thin, clear tissue that lies over the white part of the eye and also lines the inside of the eyelids. 8 conjunctivitis  Orbital cellulitis An acute infection of the tissues surrounding the eye, including the eyelids, eyebrow, and cheek. 10 Definition: It is a lens opacity due to pptn of lens protein resulting in White color of the pupil and Defective vision  GLAUCOMA Definition: -Glaucoma is an increase of intra-ocular pressure resulting in optic nerve damage → causing blind spots or scotoma Scotoma or blind spot  Buphtalmosis It is a congenital glaucoma characterized by cloudy eyes, excessive tearing, and sensitivity to light.  1) MYOPIA OR NEARSIGHTEDNESS Near objects appear clear Far objects appear unclear Myopia Signs: Headaches Eyestrain Squint may be occur Feel fatigued when driving or playing sports. Myopia Treatment: Using concave glasses  2) HYPEROPIA OR FARSIGHTEDNESS Far objects appear clear Near objects appear unclear Hyperopia signs: Headaches Eyestrain Squint may be occur Feel fatigued when driving or doing work Hyperopia Treatment: Using convex glasses  OTHER EYE DISORDERS Amblyopia Diplopia or Or dull Exophthalmosis double vision or eye protrusion vision  The Eye Roots mean Example ophthalm/o eye panophthalmitis ocul /o eye oculonasal opt/o sight optometry op/ia vision amblyopia (dull vision) blephar/o eyelid blepharosynechia (adhesion of eye lids) scler/o sclera sclerectasis (dilation of sclera) kerat/o cornea keratonyxia (perfortion of cornea) ir/o/ido iris iridocele (swelling), keratoirits cycl/o the circular cycloplegia cilliary body of the eye Lacrimation Lacrimal gland Roots mean Example goni/o the peripheral goniscope angle of ant.chamber retin/o retina retinopathy cor/o/eo, pupil of the eye coreopexy pupil/o ≈≈≈ uve the pigmented parts uveitis of the eye lacrim/o tear nasolacrimal scot/o/oma darkness (blind spots) scotometer Myopia:  It refers to short sightedness. (the eye tend to close to see distant objects). Optical: pertaining to sight Optician: a person who prescribes spectacles to correct defect in sight. Scotoma: normal and abnormal blind spots in the visual field where vision is poor. Mydriasis : dilation of the pupil Myosis: Narrowing of the pupil Mydriatic agent: agent that induce dilation of the pupil Prefixes mean Example ambly- dull amblyopia bin- double -2 each binocular diplo- double diplopia ex- out of, away from exophthamosis iso- same, equal isocorea mono-,uni- one monocular xero- dry xerophthalmia Suffixes mean Example -agogic inducing, stimulating lacrimagogic -blast immature germ cell, retinoblastoma cell which form immature germ cell that cause retinal cancer -cele swelling, protrusion, iridocele hernia -dialysis separation iridodialysis --kinesis movement iridokinesis Suffixes mean Example -logist specialist who ophthalmologist study -malacia softening retinomalacia -nyxia perforation, pricking keratonyxia -ptosis falling,displacement ophthamoptosis -schisis cleavage,splitting blepharoschisis -synechia adhering together blepharosynechia -helcosis ulceration keratohelcosis