Technology Guide 3: Cloud Computing PDF

TECHNOLOGY GUIDE 3: Cloud Computing INFORMATION SYSTEMS Supporting and Transforming Business Fourth Canadian Edition RAINER  PRINCE  SPLETTSTOESSER  SÁNCHEZ-RODRÍGUEZ TECHNOLOGY GUIDE 3: CLOUD COMPUTING TG 3.1 Introduction to Cloud Computing TG 3.2 What Is Cloud Computing? TG 3.3 Different T...

TECHNOLOGY GUIDE 3: Cloud Computing INFORMATION SYSTEMS Supporting and Transforming Business Fourth Canadian Edition RAINER  PRINCE  SPLETTSTOESSER  SÁNCHEZ-RODRÍGUEZ TECHNOLOGY GUIDE 3: CLOUD COMPUTING TG 3.1 Introduction to Cloud Computing TG 3.2 What Is Cloud Computing? TG 3.3 Different Types of Clouds TG 3.4 Cloud Computing Services TG 3.5 The Benefits of Cloud Computing TG 3.6 Concerns with Cloud Computing TG 3.7 Web Services and Service-Oriented Architecture  LEARNING OBJECTIVES 1. Describe the problems that modern information technology departments face that cloud computing can help solve. 2. Describe the key characteristics and advantages of cloud computing. 3. Describe each of the four types of clouds. 4. Explain each of the three delivery models of cloud services. 5. Identify the key benefits of cloud computing. 6. Discuss the concerns associated with cloud computing. 7. Explain the role of web services in building a firm’s IT applications, providing examples. TG 3.1 Introduction to Cloud Computing IT Infrastructure Evolution of the Modern IT Infrastructure  IT Infrastructure IT Components Hardware Software Networks Databases IT Services (Developing Information Systems, Managing Security and Risk, and Managing Data) Evolution of the Modern IT Infrastructure 1. Stand-alone Mainframes 2. Mainframe and Dumb Terminals 3. Stand-alone Personal Computers 4. Local Area Networks (Client/Server Computing) 5. Enterprise Computing 6. Cloud Computing and Mobile Computing  TG 3.2 What is Cloud Computing? Cloud Computing Characteristics Cloud Computing Provides On-Demand Self- Service Cloud Computing Encompasses the Characteristics of Grid Computing Grid Computing enables organizations to utilize resources more efficiently Grid Computing provides fault tolerance and redundancy Grid Computing makes it easy to scale up Grad Computing makes it easy to scale down Figure TG 3.3, Public clouds, private clouds, and hybrid clouds, p. 28  TG 3.4 Cloud Computing Services Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) Software-as-a-Service (SaaS)  Three Major Benefits of Cloud Computing to Individuals & Organizations 1: Positive impact on employees Access information anywhere, on any device, across organizational boundaries 2: Can save money Reduces or eliminates need to purchase hardware, build and install software and pay software licensing fees 3: Can improve organizational flexibility and competitiveness Using only computing resources needed at any given time, can scale operations up or down as needed TG 3.6 Concerns with Cloud Computing Six Categories of Concerns Six Categories of Cloud Computing Concerns 1: Legacy IT Systems 2: Reliability 3: Privacy 4: Security 5: The Regulatory and Legal Environment 6: Criminal use of Cloud Computing  TG 3.7 Web Services and Service-Oriented Architecture Benefits Provided to Organizations by Web Services Service-Oriented Architecture Web Services are based on Four Key Protocols  Benefits Provided to Organizations by Web Services The organization can utilize the existing Internet infrastructure without having to implement any new technologies Organizational personnel can access remote or local data without having to understand the complexities of the process The organization can create new applications quickly and easily  Services-oriented architecture (SOA): A collection of web services that is used to build a firm’s IT applications Can make quick changes to application software Can use to integrate systems from a variety of platforms Can be re-used in other applications Web Services are based on four key protocols: Extensible Markup Language (XML) Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) Web Services Description Language (WSDL) Universal Description, Discovery, and Integration (UDDI)  Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) PaaS offers several advantages to customers: Application developers can develop and run their software solutions on a cloud platform without the cost of buying and managing the underlying hardware and software layers Underlying computing and storage resources automatically scale to match application demand Operating system features can be upgraded frequently  Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) (Con’t) PaaS offers several advantages to customers (Con’t): Geographically distributed development teams can work together on software development projects PaaS services can be provided by diverse sources located throughout the world Initial and ongoing costs can be reduced by the use of infrastructure services from a single vendor TG 3.5 The Benefits of Cloud Computing Three Major Benefits to Individuals and Organizations Figure TG 3.2, Organizational server farms in relation to the Internet, p. 26  Cloud Computing Cloud Computing Characteristics (Continued) Cloud Computing Encompasses the Characteristics of Utility Computing Cloud Computing Utilizes Broad Network Access Cloud Computing Pools Computing Resources Cloud Computing Often Occurs on Virtualized Servers Server Farms Server Virtualization  TG 3.3 Different Types of Clouds Public Cloud Private Cloud (or Corporate Cloud) Hybrid Cloud Vertical Clouds  TECHNOLOGY GUIDE 2: Software INFORMATION SYSTEMS Supporting and Transforming Business Fourth Canadian Edition RAINER  PRINCE  SPLETTSTOESSER  SÁNCHEZ-RODRÍGUEZ 23 TECHNOLOGY GUIDE 2: SOFTWARE TG2.1 Software Issues TG2.2 Systems Software TG2.3 Application Software 24  LEARNING OBJECTIVES 1. Discuss the major software issues that confront modern organizations. 2. Describe the general functions of the operating system. 3. Identify the major types of application software. 25 FIGURE TG 2.1 TYPES OF SOFTWARE 26  INTRODUCTION TO SOFTWARE Software: a set of computer programs that enable the hardware to process data Computer program: the sequence of instructions for the computer, which comprise software Documentation: written description of the functions of a software program Systems software: a set of instructions that serves primarily as an intermediary between computer hardware and application programs Application software: a set of computer instructions that provide more specific functionality to a user 27  TG 2.1 SOFTWARE ISSUES Software Defects Software licencing: see topics from The Software Alliance: ww2.bsa.org/country.aspx?sc_lang=en-CA Open Systems Open-source Software 28