Dental Terminology PDF

# Dental Terminology ## Occlusion of teeth - It is the relationship between the maxillary (upper) and mandibular (lower) teeth when they approach each other, as occurs during chewing or at rest. ## Malocclusion - It is a misalignment or incorrect relation between the teeth of the two dental arches...

# Dental Terminology ## Occlusion of teeth - It is the relationship between the maxillary (upper) and mandibular (lower) teeth when they approach each other, as occurs during chewing or at rest. ## Malocclusion - It is a misalignment or incorrect relation between the teeth of the two dental arches when they approach each other as the jaws close. ## Occlusal plane - As teeth erupt and meet their antagonist in the opposite arch, they form what is known as the occlusal plane. ## Tooth eruption - It is a developmental process whereby the tooth moves in an axial direction from its location within the alveolar crypt of the jaw into a functional position in the oral cavity. ## Root resorption - As the permanent tooth erupts, it exerts pressure on the roots of the deciduous teeth, so osteoclastic cells develop and resorp the root of the deciduous tooth. ## Shedding - It is a natural physiological elimination of the deciduous teeth as a result of the resorption of their roots before the eruption of their permanent successors. ## Posterior teeth: - An image depicts the posterior teeth. ## Ankylosis - A dental situation in which the roots of primary teeth lose their normal attachment to the bone through periodontal ligament and become fused directly to the bone. It is seen fairly often, in lower primary molars. - The causes of ankylosis vary; for example: - Problems with metabolism or normal bone growth. - Injury to the periodontal ligaments. - There are three potential problems that can occur as a result of ankyloses: - **Submerged tooth**: Because the ankylosed tooth is fused to the bone, it will no longer erupt normally and will appear submerged. - **Malpositioning**: Of the teeth adjacent to the submerged tooth and **super-eruption** of the tooth in the opposing arch. - **Delayed eruption**: of permanent successors. ## Impacted teeth - Those teeth that do not completely erupt but remain in bone or soft tissue. ## Congenitally missing tooth - Teeth that do not erupt because a tooth bud was never produced. - Usually occurs with lateral incisors, second premolars, and third molars. ## Attrition - It is the wearing away of the tooth structure by mechanical forces from opposing teeth through contact of its functioning surfaces. ## Dental erosion - It is a type of tooth wear and defined as the irreversible loss of tooth structure due to chemical dissolution by acids not of bacterial origin and the most common chronic disease of children ages 5-17y. - Erosion is found initially in the enamel and may proceed to the underlying dentin. ## Abrasion - It is the loss of tooth structure by mechanical forces from a foreign element. - If this force begins at the cementognarmel junction, then progression of tooth loss can be rapid since enamel is very thin in this region of the tooth. Once affect the enamel, abrasion quickly destroys the softer dentin and cementum structures. - Sources of this wearing of tooth are toothbrushes, toothpicks, Ouss. - The appearance is commonly described as V-shaped when caused by excessive pressure during tooth brushing. - The teeth most commonly affected are premolars and canines. ## Primate spaces - Open spaces found in deciduous dentition: - Between canine and lateral incisor for maxillary arch. - Between canine and 1st molar in the mandibular arch. ## Diastema - Open space between the upper incisors. ## Overjet - It is the extent of the horizontal (anterior-posterior) overlap of the maxillary central incisors over the mandibular central incisors. ## Overbite - The extent of the vertical overlap of the maxillary central incisors over the mandibular central incisors. ## Good Luck All - This is the last slide of the presentation showing a cartoon girl reading a book.