Respiratory System Study Notes SY 24-25 PDF

THINK ABOUT THIS Provide a scenario where you can compare or provide an analogy of the respiratory system. The respiratory system is a biological system consisting of specific organs and structures used for gas exchange in animals and plants. Two main phases: inhalation (breathing in) and exhalati...

THINK ABOUT THIS Provide a scenario where you can compare or provide an analogy of the respiratory system. The respiratory system is a biological system consisting of specific organs and structures used for gas exchange in animals and plants. Two main phases: inhalation (breathing in) and exhalation (breathing out). External respiration, also known as breathing, involves both bringing air into the lungs (inhalation) and releasing air to the atmosphere (exhalation). Internal respiration, oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between the cells and blood vessels. Types of Respiration There are two primary types of respiration: Aerobic and Anaerobic. Aerobic respiration requires oxygen to produce energy Anaerobic respiration occurs in the absence of oxygen, producing energy along with byproducts like lactic acid or alcohol. pull in oxygen for your body’s cells and get rid of carbon dioxide, a waste product The respiratory system can be divided into two main parts: The Upper respiratory tract and the Lower respiratory tract Upper Respiratory Tract: Located above the larynx (voice box). Responsible for warming, humidifying, and filtering the air you breathe. Key components of the upper respiratory tract includes: Nasal Cavity Pharynx (Throat) Larynx (Voice Box)  The nasal cavity The space inside your nose and lined with mucous membranes With tiny hair-like structures called cilia which trap dust and particles and help humidify and filter the air. The nose also contains olfactory receptors responsible for your sense of smell. The Pharynx a muscular tube that connects the nasal cavity and mouth to the larynx and esophagus serves as a common passageway for both air and food. The Larynx (Voice Box): contains the vocal cords involved in producing sound and protecting the airway during swallowing. Lower Respiratory Tract: Extends from the larynx down to the lungs Responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. It includes the following components: Trachea (Windpipe) The bronchial tree consists of bronchi and bronchioles. Lungs Bronchioles and Alveoli  The trachea a tube composed of cartilage rings that connects the larynx to the bronchial tree. ensures that air reaches the lungs while keeping the airway open.  The lungs primary organs of the lower respiratory tract. responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide with the bloodstream. Lungs consist of lobes, with the right lung having three and the left lung having two. The bronchi two large tubes that carry air from the windpipe to the lungs. a left and right main bronchus in each lung. distribute the air throughout the lungs until reaching the respiratory bronchioles and alveolar sacs  The bronchial tree consists of bronchi and bronchioles. divides into two main bronchi, one leading to each lung. bronchi further divide into smaller bronchioles, which continue to branch into even smaller air passages.  Bronchioles The walls are about as thick as a strand of hair. The smallest airways that carry air to small sacs in your lungs. There are around 30,000 bronchioles in each lung.o even smaller air passages.  Bronchioles The bronchioles smaller air passages that branch out from the bronchi and further divide into tiny tubes called alveolar ducts. At the end of these ducts are alveoli, which are thin-walled air sacs. Alveoli sites of gas exchange, where oxygen is transferred into the bloodstream, and carbon dioxide is removed from the bloodstream to be exhaled. What is the function of the diaphragm? Is the thoracic diaphragm part of the respiratory system Guide Questions: Give the path sequence of air from the nasal passages to the bloodstream. How does the structure of the alveoli enhance their function in gas exchange? It is possible to live with just one lung Although it limits your physical ability, it will not stop you from leading a normal life. In fact, many people in the world are living with just one lung Smile, breathe, take it slow, and live a happy life.  Think about this: The lungs are the only organs that can float on water Each of your lungs contains about 300 million balloon-like structures called alveoli, which replace the carbon-dioxide waste in your blood with oxygen. When these structures are filled with air, the lungs become the only organs in the human body that can float on water.