Spanish I Midterm Study Guide 2024-2025 PDF

Midterm Study Guide – Spanish I - Spanish Class – Señor Wicks Study Guide: Some things you should know by semester’s end. By now we have studied Spanish pronunciation, the countries that speak Spanish, “Saludos Y Despedidas” (greetings and farewells), days of the week, some commo...

Midterm Study Guide – Spanish I - Spanish Class – Señor Wicks Study Guide: Some things you should know by semester’s end. By now we have studied Spanish pronunciation, the countries that speak Spanish, “Saludos Y Despedidas” (greetings and farewells), days of the week, some common expressions, such as “Cómo se dice”, “Cómo se escribe”, “Hoy”, “Hay”, and some common verbs. By now you should have viewed, multiple times, many videos of Señor Wooldridge (Sr. Wooly).” These are all things that you should know and recognize, when you HEAR it, and when asked to WRITE it. (spelling counts!) Other expressions: Buenos días – good adios – goodbye morning hasta luego – see ya later Buenas tardes – good hasta mañana – see you afternoon tomorrow Buenas noches – good night hasta la vista – until I seeya Replies to greetings: Hola – hello muy bien – very well ¿Qué tal? – What’s up? mal – bad ¿Qué pasa? – What’s mas o menos – so so happening? regular - ok Te presento mi amigo …. this is my friend …. Survival expressions: There are 2 “To Be’s” which means there are No sé – I don’t know 2 ways to say ‘I am’, ‘You are’, ‘He is’, ‘She is’, (2 To Be’s) Sí, yo sé – Yes, I know. ‘We are’, and ‘They are’. ¿Entiendes? – Understand? To Be # 1 : Estar … estar is for location and To Be # 2 : Ser … ser is No entiendo – I don’t temporary conditions used for permanent being understand Yo estoy – I am Nosotros estamos yo soy - I am Por favor - please – we are tú eres - you are Gracias – thank you Tú estás – you are (Tú is you for friends) usted es - you are De Nada – You’re usted está – you are (usted is you formal) él es - he is welcome él está - he is ustedes estan – ya’ll ella es - ella es No hay de que – (don’t ella está - she is are mention it) ellos estan - they Dame – give me are Indirect Object Pronouns Dime – tell me me – to me or as in: ¿Quieres? – Do you Personal Pronouns myself me Singular Plural llamo want as in: Yo - I Nosotros - we te - to you or Hoy {like toy with no ‘t’} ¿Cómo te Tú - friendly you ustedes - ya’ll yourself – Today llamas? Usted - formal you le – to him or as in: Hay {sounds like ‘eye’} ¿Cómo se – There is or There él - he ellos - they se her (self) llama él? are ella - she ellas – they (all girls) Accent Marks: There are several reasons to use an accent mark ( ‘ ) over a word. Here are 3 reasons: 1. To change the expected stress … if it’s not the next to last syllable, there’s an accent mark: Rápido 2. All QUESTION words have an accent mark: Qúe, Cómo, Dónde, Quién, Cuándo, Cuánto, Cuántos 3. Some words change meaning with an accent mark: el = the, él = he; tu = yours, tú = you; estas=these, estás = are  Midterm Study Guide – Spanish I - Spanish Class – Señor Wicks llamar – to call tener – to have Yo llamo – I call Nostros llamamos – we yo tengo – I have Nosotros tenemos – we call have tú llamas – you call tú tienes - you have usted llama – you call usted tiene - you have él llama – he calls ustedes llaman - y’áll call él tiene - he has ustedes tienen – ya’ll have ella llama – she calls ellos llaman - they ella tiene - she has ellos tienen – they have call Grammar things: GENDER & NUMBER There’s 4 ways to say “THE” in Spanish el carro – the car To say ‘A’ or ‘Some’ you use an El and La and Los and Las los carros – the cars Indefinite Article. These are: These words are called Definite Articles. (if you put an ‘s’ on the noun, un – a (masculine – All NOUNS in Spanish have GENDER. you have to use the article with singular) They are either MASCULINE or FEMININE an ‘s’) unos – some (masculine – plural) Masculine nouns usually end in ‘o’ una – a (feminine – Feminine nouns usually end in ‘a’ la casa – the house singular) GENDER and NUMBER (whether plural or las casas – the houses unas – some (feminine - plural) singular) determines which ARTICLE to (if you add an ‘s’ to the noun, un carro – a car use. you have to add an ‘s’ to the unos carros – some cars article) una casa – a house unas casas – some houses In English, we don’t have to worry about Gender or Number. Whether a noun is singular or plural, we always say THE or A, or Some. The Car – The Cars – A Car – Some Cars (the definite article does not change in English). It does change in Spanish. English is about the ONLY language that doesn’t have GENDER. 10 – Diez 20 – Veinte expressions using numbers: 30 – Treinta 40 – Cuarenta 50 – Cincuenta 60 – Sesenta Hoy es el veinte y uno de Abril. 70 – Setenta 80 – Ochenta (Today is the 21st of April) 90 – Noventa 100 - Cien Mi cumpleaño es el diez de Mayo. (My birthday is the 10th of May.) 40 and 5 = Cuarenta Y Cinco Diez mas cinco es quince. 40 and 9 = Cuarenta Y Nueve (Ten plus five is 15) 80 and 8 = Ochenta Y Ocho Veinte menos tres es diecisiete. 90 and 9 = Noventa y nueve (Twenty minus three is seventeen.) You should be able to READ and UNDERSTAND this: Simón Bolívar es un héroe famoso de Laninoamerica. Es de una familia noble y rica. No es de la ciudad. Simón Bolívar es de una región rural. Es del campo. En la época de Simon Bolívar, Venezuela es una colonia de España. No es un país independiente. La mayoría de Latinoamérica es una colonia española. Las ideas de Simón Bolívar son muy liberales. Para él, Venezuela no debe ser una colonia. Venezuela debe ser un país independiente. Tengo = I have Quiero = I want Mi or Mis = My Hermano – brother Esposo – husband Tienes = You have Quieres = You want Tu or Tus = yours Hermana – sister Esposa – wife Él tiene = he has Él quiere = He wants Su or Sus = theirs Padre – father Primo – male Tenemos = we Queremos = we want cuanto = how much Madre- mother cousin have quieren = they want cuantos - how many Tío – Uncle Prima – f. cousin  Midterm Study Guide – Spanish I - Spanish Class – Señor Wicks tienen = they have por qué = why quién = who Tía – Aunt Sobrino – nephew qué = what porque = because quiénes = who all Abuelo – grandfather Sobrina - niece cómo= how de donde = from where cuál = which Abuela – grandmother Tatarabuela- dónde = where Bisabuel – great gr.mother grt.grt. grndmthr “Qué” or “Cuál” – Qué is usually defined as meaning what and cuál is usually defined as meaning which. But, the way Spanish uses these words can be different from English. When Spanish speakers use the word qué, it usually means that you don’t know what something is. “What is that?” (I don’t know what it is.) “¿Qué es eso?” … But for things that you know what it is, but you don’t have specific information about it, you very well may use Cuál. Example: “¿Cuál es tu número de teléfono? … You know what a telephone number is, but you don’t know which number (of all the numbers) is the one you are wanting to know. (It’s like of all the numbers in the pone book, which one is yours?) Example 2: ¿Cuál es tu dirección? (What is your address?) You know what an address is, but you don’t know the address that you are asking about. It’s kinda like of all the addresses, which one is yours.