Study Guide Biology Chapter 12.pdf

Genetics Test Review 1. Define the following terms a. Genotype b. Phenotype c. Allele d. Heterozygous e. Homozygous f. Dominant g. Recessive h. Incomplete dominance i. Codominance j. Pedigree k. Sex-linked traits l. Multiple alleles 2. Green seeds are dominant over yellow seeds in pea plants. List t...

Genetics Test Review 1. Define the following terms a. Genotype b. Phenotype c. Allele d. Heterozygous e. Homozygous f. Dominant g. Recessive h. Incomplete dominance i. Codominance j. Pedigree k. Sex-linked traits l. Multiple alleles 2. Green seeds are dominant over yellow seeds in pea plants. List the possible genotypes of the pea plants. Label each as homozygous dominant, homozygous recessive, or heterozygous. 3. Label the phenotypes of the following pea plants. Round is dominant and wrinkled is recessive. a. RR b. Rr c. rr 4. Make a punnett square to show the possible offspring of a heterozygous round pea plant crossed with a homozygous wrinkled pea plant. List the genotypes and phenotypes with the probability of each. Genotypes Phenotypes 5. A horse has incomplete dominance for color. When a black horse is crossed with a white horse, gray horses are produced. What if the horse’s color was determined by codominance instead? How could the horses appear? 6. A type of horse has incomplete dominance for color. When a black horse is crossed with a white horse, gray horses are produced. List the genotypes for each of the phenotypes listed below. a. White b. Black c. Gray 7. What sex chromosomes do females have? 8. What sex chromosomes do males have? 9. Which chromosomes are sex-linked traits carried on? 10. What does it mean if someone is a carrier of a sex-linked disorder? 11. A colorblind man marries a woman with normal vision whose father was colorblind. Use a Punnett square to show and explain what type of vision their potential children would have. a. Parents genotypes = __________ X __________ b. Female children genotypes and phenotypes c. Male children genotype and phenotypes d. What is the probability that they will have a color blind son? e. What is the probability that they will have a color blind daughter? 12. In pedigree charts, the circles represent __________________ and the squares represent _____________________. In the pedigree chart below the shaded in people have a disease called hemophilia. It is a sex-linked trait commonly known as bleeder’s disease in which a person’s blood will not clot properly. The unshaded people do not suffer from this disease. a. On the Pedigree chart, label each circle/square with the two letters that would be the likely genotype of that person. b. Is hemophilia controlled by a dominant or recessive gene? ______________ c. Explain your reasoning. 12. How many generations are shown in the pedigree below? ____________ 13. Use the following information to complete: B= B= T= t= Black hair Red hair Tall Short If you crossed a parent who is homozygous for both traits with a parent who is heterozygous for both traits, what are the possible phenotypes of the offspring? Parent genotypes are _______________ X _______________ Draw and complete your Punnett Square below and then complete the genotype and phenotypes of the offspring. Genotypes Phenotypes