Anatomy Test 4: The Muscular System PDF

Study guide: Anatomy Test 4: The Muscular System Key: * Know muscle, action and specifically locate on a model or diagram. Will need to be able to write muscle name from memory. -- Know muscle, action, and general location. Will NOT need to be able to write muscle name from memory. Muscles o...

Study guide: Anatomy Test 4: The Muscular System Key: * Know muscle, action and specifically locate on a model or diagram. Will need to be able to write muscle name from memory. -- Know muscle, action, and general location. Will NOT need to be able to write muscle name from memory. Muscles of the Head Action *Frontalis Raises eyebrows --Zygomaticus minor and major Raises comers of mouth --Buccinator Hold food between teeth when chewing, compress cheek *Temporalis Closes jaw *Masseter Closes jaw *Orbicularis oris Purses lips Muscles of the Neck *Platysma Depresses mandible, frown *Sternocleidomastoid Both together flex neck; singly tum head --Splenius capitis Both together extend neck; singly turn head Anterior Muscles of the Thorax, Shoulder, and Abdomen *Pectoralis major Flexes and adducts arm --Pectoralis minor Draws scapula forward and inferior *Serratus anterior Fixes scapula for arm abduction *Deltoid Abducts arm *External intercostals Elevates ribs during inspiration *Internal intercostals Depresses ribs during forced expiration *Rectus abdominis Flexes vertebral column *External oblique Flexes vertebral column; rotates trunk *Internal oblique Flexes vertebral column; rotates trunk *Transversus abdominus Compresses abdominal contents Posterior Muscles of the Thorax, Shoulder, and Abdomen *Trapezius Extends head, raise and retract scapula *Latissimus dorsi Arm extension, arm adduction --Teres major Adducts arm --Rotator cuff Stabilize humerus in shoulder, large range of muscles (4) motion *Erector spinae Bend vertebral column laterally Muscles of the Arm Action *Triceps brachii Extends forearm *Biceps brachii Flex and supinate forearm *Brachialis Flexes forearm Muscles of the Forearm - *Brachioradialis Synergist in forearm flexion --flexor carpi ulnaris flex and adduct wrist --flexor carpi radialis flex and abduct wrist --extensor carpi ulnaris extend and adduct wrist --extensor carpi radialis extend and abduct wrist --flexor digitorum profundus flexion of distal phalanges (2-5), assists in hand flexion Muscles of the Pelvis and Thigh (Anterior and Medial) *Iliopsoas Flexes thigh, flex trunk at hip --Adductors Thigh adduction *Sartorius Flexes and abducts thigh Quadriceps: *Rectus femoris Leg extension, flex thigh *Vastus lateralis Leg extension, stabilize knee *Vastus medialis Leg extension, stabilize knee *Vastus intermedius Leg extension Muscles of the Pelvis and Thigh (Posterior) *Gluteus maximus Extends thigh *Gluteus medius Abducts thigh Hamstrings: Thigh extension, leg flexion *Biceps femoris --semitendinous, -semimembranous Muscles of the Leg *Tibialis anterior Dorsiflexion --Extensor digitorum longus Dorsiflexion; extends toes --Extensor hallucis longus Extents great toe *Gastrocnemius Plantar flexion *Soleus plantar flexion **Ligaments of the knee: Medial collateral Ligament Lateral collateral Ligament Anterior cruciate Ligament Posterior cruciate Ligament Patellar ligament