Structure Fire response SOG.pdf

SOG Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department 313 Fire Procedure Manual Structure Fire Response 313.1 PURPOSE AND SCOPE This document provides arrival and on-scene procedures for Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department units responding to a structure fire. Corresponding Policies: • Incident Comman...

SOG Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department 313 Fire Procedure Manual Structure Fire Response 313.1 PURPOSE AND SCOPE This document provides arrival and on-scene procedures for Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department units responding to a structure fire. Corresponding Policies: • Incident Command • Fireground Accountability • Emergency Response • Incident Management • Rapid Intervention/Two-In Two-Out • Staging • Rehabilitation • Decontamination Protective Ensembles • Water Supply 313.2 DEFINITIONS ESS - Energy Storage System designed to store power from lithium Ion batteries. Water Supply - Water provided to an assigned fire attack apparatus or multiple apparatus (relay/ tandem operation) from a water source Water Source - fire hyrdant, drafting site, apparatus water tank Working Fire - A fire in a structure that extends beyond the room of origin or involves structural members. 313.3 FIRST FIVE MINUTES The first arriving Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department unit should contact Dispatch and provide the following information: • Unit on-scene • Initial scene size-up • Unit establishing incident command (IC) • Mode of operation The IC should: Copyright Lexipol, LLC 2023/11/08, All Rights Reserved. Published with permission by Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department ***DRAFT*** Structure Fire Response - 1 Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department Fire Procedure Manual Structure Fire Response #Consult a building pre-plan, if available. #Locate a Primary (Level 1) staging area and direct units to the scene or primary staging as needed. #Establish the personnel accountability system. Whenever practicable, the accountability location should be at the incident command post. #Assess the resources needed based on the resources responding and request additional alarm assignments as necessary. Factors in consideration for additional alarms may be based on resource needs, personnel needs, duration of incident, and environmental are some examples. #Perform or direct another member to perform a 360 assessment and report the results to the IC. • Construction Type and Features • Location/Extent of fire/Exposures • Location of Utilities • Presence and location of victims • Special Hazards - power lines, security bards, swimming pools #Declare a command mode: • Investigative • Fast Attack • Command #Declare an initial operational mode based on extent of fire, life hazards, building construction, occupancy premises and resources available: • Offensive • Defensive #Develop an initial incident action plan (IAP) and, based upon resources, prioritize and assign tasks to incoming units. Task assignments should include, but are not limited to: • Scene safety • Primary search and rescue • Initial fire attack • Water supply • Ventilation • Rapid Intervention Crew (RIC) Copyright Lexipol, LLC 2023/11/08, All Rights Reserved. Published with permission by Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department ***DRAFT*** Structure Fire Response - 2 Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department Fire Procedure Manual Structure Fire Response #Utilize groups and/or divisions to maintain proper span of control. #As soon as practicable after performing or receiving the 360 assessment report, declaring an initial strategy, developing an IAP and assigning tasks, report the following: • Points of entry • Any hazards or access problems • Initial operating mode • Initial tasks and tactics #Establish a hot zone with boundaries determined by the specific hazard. Restrict entry to personnel as appropriate. #Contact communications for updates on response levels and/or to request additional required resources, including but not limited to RICs. Upon Confirmation of a working structure fire, the initial IC will advise dispatch to initiate the working fire protocol • Additional Engine and Rescue • On-Call Fire Inspector • Community Emergency Response Team (CERT) • Air Support Unit • Utilities (FPL, Water, etc) Other Resources to consider but not automatically dispatched - building department, humane unit, Red Cross #Request a Law enforcement representative to the command post as needed. 313.4 PROCEDURES 1st Due Engine - unless otherwise directed by the I/C, perform 360 size up, initiate life safety,suppression measures • Consider use of portable standpipes • Consider transitional attack • Consider VEIS • Ensure enough space for the arriving aerial apparatus • Consider establishing primary water supply Copyright Lexipol, LLC 2023/11/08, All Rights Reserved. Published with permission by Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department ***DRAFT*** Structure Fire Response - 3 Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department Fire Procedure Manual Structure Fire Response 2nd Due Engine - unless otherwise directed by the I/C, establish water supply for suppression efforts per Water supply Operations procedure 412 • Remaining crew members shall report to staging • Consider Driver-Engineer to assist with establishing a decontamination area • Based upon established water supply prior to arrival, should consider being assigned as RIC 3rd Due Engine - unless otherwise directed by the I/C, will assume the role of RIC in accordance with Rapid Intervention procedure • Park apparatus in appropriate area • Review Pre-Incident Plans (if available) • Buildings with multiple floors, survey a lower floor to determine layout (apartment configuration, apartment numbers, etc) • Establish RIC staging area • Establish two points of egress • Note to establish a second attack line 4th Due Engine - unless otherwise directed by the I/C will add one member to the RIC assignment for a total of 4 members, the other crew members shall stage and await orders. Ladder Company - unless otherwise directed by the I/C, consider need and set up aerial device • Ventilation • Forcible entry • Secure power • Check for fire extension • Provide for a secondary means of egress • Salvage operations (early fire control) • Driver/Engineer shall, unless otherwise directed remain with the aerial device 1st Due Rescue - unless otherwise directed by the I/C, search and rescue 2nd Due Rescue - unless otherwise directed by the I/C, establish rehabilitation area, in the event of a MAYDAY will be reassigned as Medical to treat downed firefighter(s) 3rd Due Rescue - unless otherwise directed by the I/C will stage and await orders. First Arriving Chief - establish command, if command is already established conduct a pass down prior to assuming command Second arriving Chief - unless otherwise directed by the I/C, shall assume Safety Officer Copyright Lexipol, LLC 2023/11/08, All Rights Reserved. Published with permission by Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department ***DRAFT*** Structure Fire Response - 4 Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department Fire Procedure Manual Structure Fire Response • Conduct 360 survey • Monitor conditions, activities, and operations • Confirm that utilities are secured • Ensure rehabilitation and decontamination areas are established • Monitor and report the status of conditions, hazards, and risk to the I/C • For long term events consider the use of an incident action plan • Ensure the establishment of safety zones, collapse zones, hot zones and other hazards areas Additional units - unless otherwise directed by the I/C shall report to staging to await assignment. Post Fire Investigations • Area shall be properly ventilated prior to conducting post fire investigations • Area shall be monitored using minimum of a four (4) gas multi-meter with members in full PPE and SCBA prior to investigation • At no time shall post fire investigations be conducted while gas meter has activated • The fire investigator shall check in with the incident commander and obtain approval prior to accessing the warm or hot zone for post fire investigatory efforts. • At the conclusion of all fire operations, support services shall be consulted for the need of calibration of the gas meter 313.4.1 RESOURCE DEPLOYMENT (a) Apparatus 1. Apparatus should position according to a building pre-plan, if available, or as directed by the IC while maintaining the ability to secure a water supply and accountability location. (a) 2. If the structure includes an energy storage system (ESS) containing lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries, apparatus should position according to the ESS pre-plan or the Hazardous Materials Incident Response Procedure, if no ESS pre-plan exists. The IC should include but not be limited to the following considerations when ordering apparatus into a scene: (a) Water supply (b) Fire attack (c) Aerial operations (d) Collapse zones (e) Potential for backdraft or explosion from the structure based on fire behavior and known building contents Copyright Lexipol, LLC 2023/11/08, All Rights Reserved. Published with permission by Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department ***DRAFT*** Structure Fire Response - 5 Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department Fire Procedure Manual Structure Fire Response (b) (f) Access to tools and equipment (g) Space for incoming units needed for immediate operations Personnel 1. Personnel should be in full personal protective equipment (PPE), including selfcontained breathing apparatus (SCBA). 2. Personnel should remain with assigned crew and enter the hot zone only when directed to do so by the IC. 3. Personnel should communicate operations benchmarks to the IC. This should include but is not limited to when an assigned task: (a) Is started. (b) Is producing results or is not achieving the task goal. (c) Is complete. (d) Side of the structure being accessed for interior operations (e) Side of structure and direction of travel, "left and right-hand rule" when initiating search and rescue operations. 313.4.2 OPERATIONS (a) Continuing scene size-up 1. 2. (b) The IC should conduct size-up continuously at every fire to account for changes at the scene, including but not limited to: (a) Resources available. (b) Scene conditions. o Weather. o Fire location, flow, and size. The results of additional scene size-up should be communicated to Dispatch. Fire Suppression. Whenever practicable, these operations should take place in sequential order: 1. Locate the seat of the fire. (a) 2. As assigned by the IC, personnel should determine the location and extent of the fire. Equipment and tools used for this task include but are not limited to: o Thermal imaging cameras.. o Entry and access tools. o Hand lights. Identify the flow path. Copyright Lexipol, LLC 2023/11/08, All Rights Reserved. Published with permission by Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department ***DRAFT*** Structure Fire Response - 6 Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department Fire Procedure Manual Structure Fire Response (a) 3. 4. Cool the space from a location that allows for brief, rapid water application to cool or reset the fire when high heat may exist in spaces where occupants may be trapped and/or personnel may have to operate. (a) From a location determined to best account for size, location, and flow path of the fire, water should be applied for a period of 10 to 30 seconds to reduce high thermal conditions and energy levels of the fire. (b) Fire reset operations should be communicated to operating units before starting and when completed. After completing a fire reset, task assignments should be communicated to operating units. Extinguish. (a) (c) As assigned by the IC, personnel should, as is reasonably practicable, determine any flow path. The presence of a flow path should determine coordinated ventilation and suppression operations to, as much as reasonably practicable, limit fire growth and protect personnel and building occupants. After the fire has been located , the IC should direct personnel to extinguish the fire as directly as reasonably practicable under the conditions. Additional fireground tasks that should be considered based on fire conditions. 1. Search and Rescue (a) 2. The IC should consider assigning personnel to search and rescue tasks based on information from: o Dispatch. o Witnesses on-scene. o Occupants who have exited the structure. o Visual or auditory identification based on size-up, 360 assessment, and/or personnel engaged in operations. Property Preservation and Salvage (a) Personnel should make reasonable efforts to preserve property and reduce the potential for property damage from smoke, fire, and firefighting operations. This includes but is not limited to: o Checking to see if doors and windows are unlocked before engaging in forcible entry. o Closing doors of rooms not directly impacted by firefighting operations. o Moving contents from rooms where firefighting operations are taking place or are otherwise affected by firefighting operations. o Grouping contents into one area and covering with tarps. Copyright Lexipol, LLC 2023/11/08, All Rights Reserved. Published with permission by Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department ***DRAFT*** Structure Fire Response - 7 Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department Fire Procedure Manual Structure Fire Response o 3. Ventilation (a) (d) Isolating rooms and areas where fire exists from other rooms or areas of the structure. Personnel should engage in ventilation activities only at the direction of the IC. Ventilation should be coordinated with all other fire suppression and search and rescue operations to minimize an unanticipated change in the flow path and to protect, as much as reasonably practicable, personnel and occupants. If Li-ion batteries are involved or suspected of being involved, consider the following: 1. Li-ion batteries are prone to thermal runaway. In cases of thermal runaway involving an ESS or where a battery cannot be removed from a building, vehicle, or other enclosure, personnel should use copious amounts of water to cool adjacent batteries, enclosures, and exposures to allow time for the battery to burn out. Some batteries may take several hours, or even days, to fully burn out. 2. If a large commercial ESS is involved in fire or off-gassing, personnel should remain at least 300 feet away from the involved equipment and use water to prevent fire spread, as needed. 3. Batteries that can be removed safely from a building or other enclosure should be submerged in water or placed in a containment device designed for that purpose. 4. For Li-ion fires inside a structure, additional hand lines may be necessary to achieve the fire flow needed to control the fire. 5. If practicable, Li-ion batteries should be removed before starting overhaul. 6. Members should not pick up or move Li-ion cells or battery packs by carrying them in their hands. When practicable, members should use non-conductive tools or carrying devices. Members should reference the Lithium Ion Procedure. 7. Do not use interior stairs to remove Li-ion batteries from a structure unless the batteries have been properly over-packed by HAZMAT specialists. 8. Due to the danger of re-ignition, full PPE including SCBA with face-piece shall be worn at all times when working around or moving Li-ion batteries or devices that have been involved in fire or exposed to high temperatures. 313.5 RESPONSE MATRIX The following are the response matrix, all second alarm/additional assignments will mirror a first alarm response (a) ALF Residential Fire: 3 Engines, 1 Ladder, 3 Rescues, 2 Chiefs (b) Commercial Structure Fire: 4 Engines, 1 Ladder, 3 Rescues, 2 Chiefs (c) Hospital Fire: 4 Engines, 1 Ladder, 3 Rescues, 2 Chiefs (d) Nursing Home Fire: 4 Engines, 1 Ladder, 3 Rescues, 2 Chiefs (e) Residential Structure Fire: 3 Engines, 1 Ladder, 2 Rescues, 2 Chiefs Copyright Lexipol, LLC 2023/11/08, All Rights Reserved. Published with permission by Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department ***DRAFT*** Structure Fire Response - 8 Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department Fire Procedure Manual Structure Fire Response 313.6 PROCEDURE DECISION TREE Copyright Lexipol, LLC 2023/11/08, All Rights Reserved. Published with permission by Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department ***DRAFT*** Structure Fire Response - 9 Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department Fire Procedure Manual Structure Fire Response 313.7 UNIVERSAL PRACTICES (a) When practicable, scene preservation practices should be used to preserve evidence for fire investigators. Personnel should make reasonable efforts to disturb only what is necessary to complete rescue and fire suppression operations. (b) ESS facilities and Li-ion powered devices may explode with enough force to result in structural damage. (c) During Li-ion battery emergencies, seemingly safe conditions can rapidly and violently escalate, leaving no time for a safe retreat. The restricted zone established by the IC should be large enough to reasonably include any area that could become unsafe if the hazardous condition escalates. (d) Li-ion is not water-reactive. Water is the preferred agent for fire confinement and exposure control. (e) Li-ion batteries that are off-gassing or in thermal runaway create hazardous atmospheres. Firefighters must remain on-air and avoid the vapor cloud. (f) The IC should take reasonable steps to ensure that adequate gross decontamination is performed before releasing units from any scene where personnel were exposed to potentially harmful substances including: 1. Smoke. 2. Soot. 3. Body fluids. 4. Hazardous materials. Copyright Lexipol, LLC 2023/11/08, All Rights Reserved. Published with permission by Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department ***DRAFT*** Structure Fire Response - 10