Stages of fetal growth dev (weekly).pptx.pdf

NCM 107 fetal growth & development Virginia A. Jupiter, PhD, RN  FETAL GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT A. PRE-EMBRYONIC = FIRST 2 WEEKS BEGINNING WITH FERTILIZATION B. EMBRYONIC = WEEKS 3-8, CONSIDERED THE MOST CRITICAL IN FETAL STAGE BECAUSE OF ORGANOGENESIS. C. FETAL = WEEKS 8 T...

NCM 107 fetal growth & development Virginia A. Jupiter, PhD, RN  FETAL GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT A. PRE-EMBRYONIC = FIRST 2 WEEKS BEGINNING WITH FERTILIZATION B. EMBRYONIC = WEEKS 3-8, CONSIDERED THE MOST CRITICAL IN FETAL STAGE BECAUSE OF ORGANOGENESIS. C. FETAL = WEEKS 8 TO BIRTH FETAL GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT N ORMAL FETAL DEVELOPMENT (1 month or 4 weeks) of FIRST TRIMESTER *FORM OF EMBRYONIC DISC * NOT CLEARLY DEFINED FEATURES * SPINAL CORD IS FORMED * RUDIMENTARY HEART APPEARS AS A PROMINENT BULGE ON THE ANTERIOR SURFACE * ARMS & LEGS BUD LIKE STRUCTURES *RUDIMENTARY EYES, EARS, & NOSE ARE DISCERNABLE FETAL GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT (2 months or 8 weeks) *ORGANOGENESIS IS COMPLETE *HEART BEATS RHYTHMICALLY FACIAL FEATURES ARE DISCERNABLE EXTREMITIES HAVE DEVELOPED EXTERNAL GENITALIA PRESENT BUT NOT DISTINGUISHABLE PRIMITIVE TAIL IS REGRESSING ABDOMEN APPEARS LARGE AS FETAL INTESTINES GROWS RAPIDLY *SONOGRAM SHOWS GESTATIONAL SAC FETAL GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT (3 months or 12 weeks) NAIL BEDS FORMING ON FINGERS & TOES, *BONE OSSIFICATION BEGINS *TOOTH BUDS PRESENT *SEX DISTINGUISHABLE BY OUTWARD APPEARANCE * KIDNEYS SECRETE *HEARTBEAT AUDIBLE BY A DOPPLER FETAL GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT Second trimester (4 months or 16 weeks) *FETAL HEART SOUNDS AUDIBLE VIA FETOSCOPE *LANUGO IS WELL FORMED *LIVER & PANCREAS FUNCTIONING *FETUS SWALLOWS AMNIOTIC FLUIDS SHOWING AN INTACT BUT UNCOORDINATED SWALLOWING REFLEX *SEX CAN BE DETERMINED BY UTZ *QUICKENING FELT BY A MULTIGRAVIDA Fetal growth & development 5 months or 20 weeks QUICKENING FELT BY A PRIMAGRAVIDA *ANTIBODY PRODUCTION IS POSSIBLE HAIR FORMS INCLUDING EYEBROWS & HAIR ON HEAD MECONIUM PRESENT IN UPPER INTESTINE BROWN FAT (AIDS IN TEMPERATURE REGULATION AT BIRTH) BEGINS TO BE FORMED BEHIND THE KIDNEYS, STERNUM, & POSTERIOR NECK FETAL HEART AUDIBLE VIA STETHOSCOPE VERNIX CASEOSA BEGINS TO FORM Fetal growth & development 6 months or 24 weeks *PASSIVE ANTIBODY TRANSFER FROM MOTHER TO FETUS PROBABLY BEGINS AS EARLY AS 20 WEEKS BUT CERTAINLY AT 24 WEEKS. INFANTS BORN BEFORE ANTIBODY TRANSFER HAS TAKEN PLACE HAVE NO NATURAL IMMUNITY & NEED MORE THAN THE USUAL PROTECTION AGAINST INFECTIOUS DISEASE IN THE NEWBORN UNTIL THE INFANT’S OWN STORE OF IG’S CAN BUILD UP; *MECONIUM IS PRESENT IN THE RECTUM *ACTIVE PRODUCTION OF LUNG SURFACTANT BEGINS; *EYEBROWS & EYELASHES WELL DEFINED; EYELIDS NOW OPEN; PUPILS REACTIVE TO LIGHT HEARS IN RESPONSE TO SUDDEN SOUND Fetal growth & development CONTINUATION…6 months or 24 weeks LUNG ALVEOLI BEGINS TO MATURE SURFACTANT PRESENT IN AMNIOTIC FLUID BLOOD VESSELS OF THE RETINA EXTREMELY SUSCEPTIBLE TO DAMAGE FROM HIGH O2 CONCENTRATIONS; THE EYES OPEN  Fetal growth & development Third trimester , 7 months or 32 weeks SUBCUTANEOUS FAT BEGINS TO BE DEPOSITED (THE FORMER “ STRINGY” OLD MAN APPEARANCE IS LOST) FETUS IS AWARE OF SOUNDS OUTSIDE THE MOTHERS BODY ACTIVE MORO REFLEX PRESENT BIRTH POSITION( VERTEX OR BREECH) MAY BE ASSUMED IRON STORES THAT PROVIDE IRON FOR THE TIME THAT THE NEONATE WILL INGEST ONLY MILK AFTER BIRTH ARE BEGINNING TO BE DEVELOPED FINGERNAILS GROW TO REACH END OF FINGERTIPS. Fetal growth & development 8 months or 36 weeks ADDITIONAL AMOUNTS OF SUBCATANEOUS FATS ARE DEPOSITED SOLE OF THE FOOT HAS ONLY ONE OR TWO CRISSCROSS CREASES LANUGO BEGINS TO DIMINISH MOST BABIES TURN INTO A VERTEX OR HEAD-DOWN PRESENTATION DURING THIS MONTH Fetal growth & development 9 months or 40 weeks FETUS KICKS ACTIVELY CAUSING DISCOMFORT TO THE MOTHER VERNIX CASEOSA IS FULLY FORMED FINGER nails EXTEND OVER THE FINGERTIPS