Spirituality Mid-term PDF

Spirituality Mid-term 1. Match the definition to the correct terminology. Answer bank A. A perfect unity, infinite and unknowable. B. It contemplates the intelligible realm and nature, previewing what it will produce. C. The highest being is the Divine Mind. Prompts 1. Literal = A 2. Moral = C 3....

Spirituality Mid-term 1. Match the definition to the correct terminology. Answer bank A. A perfect unity, infinite and unknowable. B. It contemplates the intelligible realm and nature, previewing what it will produce. C. The highest being is the Divine Mind. Prompts 1. Literal = A 2. Moral = C 3. Spiritual=B 2. Which of the following are Pietist beliefs? They wanted to return to religion being about the liturgical interpretations of the bible. They believe humans are capable of overcoming sin. They stress bible study and personal religious experience. They believe in the presence of God in everyday life. The community was based on moral or doctrinal interest. They believe that only God can help humans overcome sin. 3. What do all Christians agree on? The Nicene Creed The authority of their Church The Essentials of Christ The authority of the Bible 4. Which of the following are the Feminist Spirituality beliefs and elements? Everyone's relationship with God and approaches to prayer and other spiritual practices are deeply influenced by sex. Critical analysis of gender stereotyping and its impact on women's identities and roles. Identify fundamental ways in which people's humanity and values are undermined. Reconstruct alternative ways of talking about Jesus. Analysis and Action. Experience is the basis of spirituality. 5. Which of the following are the Spiritualities of Reconciliation beliefs and elements? Emphasize reconciliation between God and the world as a result of the cross. Making space for what is other and finding oneself in “the other.”  A new humanity in which the walls of division between people are broken down. Tolerating Adversity. A state of total spiritual and physical harmony and well-being within the individual, between people in society, and foundational to both, between humanity and God. The love of God is poured out on those who have been saved. 6. What two main ideas in modernity caused friction among people, religious institutions, and governmental structures? Psychology and Capitalism Capitalism and Sociology Sociology and Marxism Marxism and Psychology 7. Which of the following are English Evangelicals' beliefs? They believe in internal salvation. They are against rationalism and the anti-societal industrial revolution. They are anti-slavery for developed nations. They have a spirituality of joy rather than dour seriousness. They have a concern for the poor and vulnerable communities. They believe in free schooling for their congregation members. 8. Which of the following are Shaker beliefs? They reject mystical unions with God. They do not share their goods with those outside of their group. They practice spirituality through wordless songs, glossolalia, and ecstatic dancing. They accept the doctrine of original sin. They believe work is a form of worship. They developed an inclusive sense of God's reality in which male and female aspects are present. 9. All protestant denominations are "low-church." True False 10. Which are the Spirituality Democratic: The Retreat Movement beliefs and elements? Take control out of the hands of religious authorities and spiritual elites such as clergy or, in the Catholic tradition, members of religious orders. Monastic life = lifelong pilgrimage. The meaning of Retreat is to rest and pray. Professionalization with spiritual direction and retreat training courses is now widespread. The group acts as a guide/mentor,/companion to another.  Use wisdom from psychology and religion. 11. What are the origins of the word "spirituality?" Latin word: Spiritualitas/Spiritualis & From Greek: pneuma (spirit) Greek word: Spiritualitas/Spiritualis & From Latin: pneuma (spirit) Latin word: Spiritualis & From Greek: pneuma (spirit) Greek word: Spiritualis & From Latin: pneuma (spirit) 12. Match the ideas to their definitions: Answer bank A. A radical change expressed in religious language at a time of deep existential and political crisis B. Openness, inclusivity, and embracing of all C. A way of being religious imbued with a burning concern for social justice and the improvement of flawed social institutions Prompts 1. Mystical Approach to Spirituality=B 2. Prophetic-political approach to spirituality =A 3. Critical-prophetic Paradigm =C 13. Which of the following ARE examples of Apophatic theology? God is everywhere God is love God is not love God is good God is not good God is nowhere 14. Match the definition to the correct terminology. Answer bank A. Do the practices of common prayer, silence, study, and work. B. Living the rest of your life with like-minded people, thus granting stability C. Making God and others the aim of your choices and actions. Prompts 1. Obedience 2. Constant Conversation 3. One Community 15. Match the definition to the correct terminology. Answer bank  A. A mysticism of light, joy, and resurrection. B. A mysticism of sin, cross, and spiritual torment. C. The love of beautiful things. D. Contemplative prayer through the practice of inward stillness. E. Soothing/calming. F. Deification through prayer. G. Spiritual director. H. Spiritual direction. I. Both people (teacher and student) are surrounded by intense light. Prompts 1. Philokalia = C 2. Hesychia = D 3. Hesychastic = E 4. Theosis = F 5. Staretz = G 6. Starchestvo = H 7. Transfiguration = I 8. Positive Spirituality = A 9. Dark Spirituality = B 16. Which of the following are the Ecumenical Spirituality beliefs and elements of Taize? The community is only located in the South of Burgundy (French Region). Started for monastic practitioners and refugees. Broader concern for human reconciliation. A radical openness to Jesus's ways of leading in response to Christianity's susceptibility to entrenched attitudes and fixed patterns. Joint mission lay at the heart of the Church's identity and, therefore, of its spirituality. Mutual exchange between members only. 17. Fill in the blanks for the following overarching subliminal ideas found in Christianity: __Martydom_______/Martus Old Testament < __New Testiment___ __Jewish Scripture___ → Christian Scripture Spirituality __In the text__ 18. Match the definition to the correct terminology. Answer bank A. The self-definition of a generation about its own technological innovation, governance, and socioeconomics. B. Devotional contemplation and abandonment of the will as a form of religious mysticism. C. Preached the word of God, especially to the poor, through various means, particularly parish missions and retreats. D. A person who recognizes what is actual or possible in a particular situation. E. Strict adherence to, or observance of, prescribed or traditional forms. F. The practice of religious ecstasies (religious experiences during alternate states of consciousness), together with whatever ideologies, ethics, rites, myths, legends, and magic may be related to them. G. A precept or principle that is widely accepted as legitimate across locations, periods, and cultures. H. Characterized by or suggesting the practice of severe self-discipline and abstention from all forms of indulgence, typically for religious reasons. I. Reality only comprises particular items J. A particular emphasis on and devotion to the Passion of Jesus Christ. Mainly did missionary work. Prompts 1. Modernity = A 2. Realist = D 3. Universal Law = G 4. Philosophical Nominalism = I 5. Quietism = B 6. Redemptorists = C 7. Passionists = J 8. Ascetical Theology = H 9. Mystical Theology = F 10. Formalism = E 19. Which of the following are Post-Revolutionary Catholicism beliefs? They accept mysticism. They emphasize original sin, human depravity, the necessity of divine grace, and predestination. They have a zeal in creating Religious congregations, especially for low-income people. They believe in intellectual skepticism; our sense perceptions provide the only reliable sources of knowledge. They believe in the utter dependence on the Holy Spirit's Grace. They constantly battle with the Silence of God and the possibility that faith is an illusion.  20. Which of the following are accurate predictions of spirituality as we move further into postmodernity? Spirituality replaces religion. Other people, often older and intelligent, are turning to conservative forms of ‘‘religion'' as their answer to the quest for meaning. Human Creativity is replaced due to technological advances. A lack of spiritual guidance can lead to a life-enhancing path or become spiritually dangerous/blank. Mysticism and social transformation are key. Engagement with family/community. 21. What three things went through immense change from modernity to post-modernity? - Culture - Religion - Social 22. Which of the following are American Puritanism and Great Awakening beliefs? They strongly emphasize God's sovereignty, humankind's depravity, and the doctrine of predestination. They believe in having an enlightened mind, meaning studying and obeying scripture. They had a damaging conviction of God but a positive attitude of humility before God. They believe in being meek, which includes quietness, forgiveness, and mercy. They believe in having a prominent fear of God. This group accepts spiritual desire and longing 23. Match the definition to the correct terminology. Answer bank A. Jesus is both 100% human and 100% God B. Jesus is purely a divine being C. Jesus was simply a human Prompts 1. Gnosticism = B 2. Arianism = C 3. The council of Chalcedon A 24. Match the definition to the correct terminology. Answer bank A. The scientific study of the mind and behavior. B. The evolution of plants and animals C. Social philosophy examines the effect of capitalism on labor, productivity, and economic development and argues for a worker revolution to overturn capitalism in favor of communism. Prompts 1. Evolutionary Theory = B 2. Marxist Social Analysis = C 3. Modern Psychology = A 25. Match the 'American Spiritualities" to its beliefs. Answer bank A. Heavily excluded at the beginning Domestic – Religious conduct within a household setting Interiorized: Doctrine of Faith Personal Direction Church and State separate = Good Convent formations and emphasis on writings Pioneering Spirit = Strong Work B. Mainly found in African American communities and the lower class Revivalism: A Belief in or promoting a revival of religious fervor Personal Testimony Conversion Social Concern True social change is only substantial if nourished by a deeply religious life C. The Church is part of the community Gave them an identity other than “alien” Heavy devotion (varied by country/culture) Eucharist Piety vs. Democratic spirituality God in every part of life; be a part of American society Rejected till the 1960s D. Missionary Variety Rough & Ready Living on the margins Good Vs. Evil  Numerous Evangelistic Revivals E. Rugged Individualism Post-Revolutionary Democratic Attitudes Emotional Preaching Call to repentance Conversion Sobriety F. Dramatic proclamation of conversion (Holy Spirit) Converting others as a way of revival Socially prophetic (prosocial reform) American Transcendentalism Openness to engage with world religions G. Stronger social consciousness Abolition of slavery Expansion of cities (Industrial Revolution) Spirituality of questioning The American Civil War H. Arrived in the USA through different means They came as enslaved people or indentured workers Religion was taught to them by their oppressors Forged in oppression, exile, and dehumanization A blend of Christian spirituality and a variety of traditional African customs Prompts 1. American Frontier = D 2. Evangelistic Revivals = E 3. Romanticization of American Culture = F 4. Breaking the Romantic Image = G 5. The Social Gospel = B 6. The African American Experience = H 7. The Roman Catholics = A 8. The Roman Catholics - Immigrants = C 26. Match the different ways to interpret spirituality with their definition. Answer bank A. Resonates with you B. Only the author's intentions matter C. Open discussion Prompts 1. Author Perspective = B 2. Pick and Choose = A 3. Critical Dialog = C 27. What is an impact on spirituality during modernity? Increase of institutional religion. Enforcing rigid boundaries. Christianity became truly global. Return to religious education. 28. Match the definition to the correct terminology. Answer bank A. Serving to form something, especially having a profound and lasting influence on a person's development. B. Establishing, relating to, or deriving from a standard or norm, especially of behavior. Prompts 1. Normative = B 2. Formative = A 29. Match the definition to the correct terminology and label the correct order. Answer bank A. Then contemplation on the Word of God. B. First, a passage of Scripture is read C. This is followed by prayer. D. The meaning of the scripture is reflected upon. Prompts 1. Lectio = B 2. Meditatio = D 3. Oratio = C 4. Contemplatio = A 30. What are the four main elements of the early church from the 1st Century to the 5th Century? - Community - Nonaticsm - Persecution - Doctrine 31. Which are the Spirituality Democratic: The Charismatic Movement beliefs and elements? Reaction to formalism and a dry intellectual faith. Accept speaking with tongues, the gift of prophecy, and the gift of interpretation. Appealed particularly to poor or dispossessed people. Emphasis on Healing, spirituality of peace, and spread of radical spiritual renewal. Not dependent on ordination for dispensing spiritual wisdom. Dependent on ordination for authorization. 32. Fill in the blank spaces on the chart by Pierre Teilhard de Chardin. 33. What was the general definition of spirituality before the 12th century? A spiritual person A person who lived with the holy spirit A person who was under the spirit of God A person who is part of the clergy 34. fill in the chart: 35. Which of the following are the Spiritualities of Liberation beliefs and elements? Questions how society and the Church have created structures that undermine the full human dignity of specific categories of people and then take action to address those issues. The heart of this liberation theology and spirituality is Marxism and scripture. There is a heavy emphasis on the Preferential Option for the Poor. Praxis: To support. It must have conversion and solidarity. Community is not an essential feature. 36. Match the definition to the correct terminology. Answer bank A. The faith practiced along the way. B. The purity and subtleness of the body with which a soul is enveloped depend upon the moral development of the soul to which it is joined. C. The knowledge of God in the creation and of sensible things and thus their contemplation intellectually. Prompts 1. Beginners (praxis) = A 2. Proficient (theoria) = C 3. Perfect (theologian) = B 37. Label whether the following 'Ideas of Discipleship' are scriptural, modern, or both. Answer bank A. Modern B. Scripture and Modern C. Scripture D. Modern E. Scripture F. Scripture and Modern Prompts 1. Spreading the good word and doing what Jesus does = F 2. Jesus is a person who learns, and a person one follows = E 3. One must convert due to the incoming reign of God = C 4. One must live the way Jesus did = B 5. One must respond to God's grace = A 6. One must work to bring God's Kingdom into being = D 38. Match the Philosopher/Scholar to their belief. Answer bank A. Christ is the person for others A critical-prophetic paradigm of spirituality The implementation of justice and the acceptance of divine suffering Disliked compromises done by Churches and demanded a costly commitment to a living God Executed by the Nazis in WWII B. Prophetic action on behalf of the oppressed Active spirituality of the movement No authentic Christian spirituality that did not have social justice as its core Advocate pacifism and undertake acts of civil disobedience Living with those who suffer C. Contemplative-monastic life Christian–Buddhist dialogue True self exists only in communion with, in solidarity with, the “other” Radical Solitude Embrace a prophetic stance D. The goal of the spiritual life is participation in Christ's rescuing mission in the world (Pacifist) The Main Approach to Spirituality is Mysticism Christian social action without proper attention to prayer and the mystical dimension led to ethical piety without depth E. Intellectual work as a kind of spiritual exercise The abandonment of the self is liberating – from illusions, self-images, and constructed social roles Solidarity with the suffering world Self-sacrifice for others Christianity was not meant to be a remedy for suffering and affliction but instead offered a supernatural use for suffering Died of a self-imposed hunger ration undertaken as a token of solidarity with the Jewish people Prompts 1. Evelyn Underhill (1875–1941) = D 2. Dietrich Bonhoeffer (1906–1945) = A 3. Simone Weil (1909–1943) = E 4. Dorothy Day (1897–1980) = B 5. Thomas Merton (1915–1968) = C 39. Which of the following are Eastern Orthodox beliefs? Marriage, chastity, and celibacy are celebrated and respected. They believe in frequent communion to supplement scripture. They believe people should have good psychological insight and common sense. They believe in compassion for their people. The family was the most crucial part of society. They believe in a complete adherence to the gospels and charity. 40. Which of the following are the Spirituality and Inter-Religious Dialogue beliefs and elements? Inter-religious dialogue and solidarity. A growing awareness of a religiously plural world. A commitment to respecting and expressing cultural diversity. The need to address the close connections between war and religious antagonisms Monastic life has proved a particularly fruitful context for inter-faith encounters and shared experiences of spiritual practice.  A growing sentiment toward universalism 41. Which of the following are Wesleyan beliefs? They opposed mystical feelings. They had an earnestness and disciplined regime of prayer and study. They believe prayer is personal and collective. They believe in reading scripture and conversing with the community right afterward. They did not believe in spiritual conversation. They wanted to cultivate a more intense personal spirituality. 42. Match the Early Church philosopher/scholar to their belief. Answer bank A. The main source is Liturgy ⤳ provides rich symbolism of the divine & an earthly manifestation of the hierarchies → The Ecclesiastical Hierarchy God → in affirmation and negation; God is beyond affirmation and negation B. Started the basis for monastic culture ⤳ emphasis on leaving the city. C. Desert Monastic Practice: withdrawal from society, Hesychasm (primarily the practice of "interior silence and continual prayer."), Charity, Forgiveness, and recitation of scripture. Speculative Neoplatonism: Use Plato's ideas in a Christian lens D. Death & Suffering → God. E. Monasticism: away from material → spiritual luminosity or refinement Helped develop the idea of the Holy Spirit: share in God's life of immortal glory by the work of the Spirit within F. Terminal Decay = Humans are gradually sinking and wasting away (mind & body) -Only God can save you. G. Ascetic = practice of severe self-discipline and abstention from all forms of indulgence H. Mystical Theology = Belief that union with God or that spiritual apprehension of higher knowledge may be attained through contemplation and self-surrender. Contemplative Journey ⤳ in stages & ascent → towards darkness Prompts 1. Irenaeus (130-202) = D 2. Augustine of Hippo (254-430) = F 3. Macrina The Younger (324-379) G 4. Basil The Great – Basil of Caesarea (330-379) = B 5. Gregory of Nyssa (335-395) = H 6. Gregory Nazianzen (329-390) = E 7. Evagrius Ponticus (345-399) = C 8. Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite (5th-6th Century) = A 43. Which of the following are the Oxford Movement's beliefs? They believe authentic Christianity is an increased sensibility and concern for social improvements in the rapidly expanding industrial cities. They believe in a sacramental emphasis (especially baptism). They believe in a 'well-ordered' monarchy that is divinely mandated. They believe in holiness through a properly ordered liturgy and Church disciplines. For them, meditation manuals and elements of devotion are trinitarian-focused. They follow Marian devotion. 44. What are the three main points that led to rapid development during modernity? - War - Politics - Technology 45. What are the four main central characteristics of Ecumenical Spirituality? - Reconciliation - Personality - Commitment - Community 46. Match the ideas to the correct definition: Answer bank A. Humanity is not alienated from but embedded in the material order and, with the world, progresses forward in an evolutionary sense and ‘‘upward'' toward God B. Contemporary scientific culture and the world of the Church and its spiritual teaching C. The risen Christ is the focus of the forward movement of the world and humanity, the Omega Point towards which and into which we grow Prompts 1. Bridging two worlds = B 2. Humanity's Role = A 3. Risen Christ = C 47. Match the Philosopher/Scholar to their belief. Answer bank A. He laid the ground work of believing there has to be an active discernment of the presence of God and an active response of self-giving based on the certainty of God's irrevocable love. B. He shifted religion from an institution telling one how to live to a guide on one's ethics. It is still a way of life, but now it requires your reasoning vs. an institution telling you the reason. C. He stabilized Vocabulary in the Church and started the groundwork to study spiritual theology vs. theology. Prompts 1. Immanuel Kant (1724–1804) = B 2. Giovanni Battista Scaramelli (1687–1752) = C 3. Jean-Pierre de Caussade (1675-1751) = A 48. Fill in the blank according to the Oxford Languages Dictionary: Spirituality = "The quality of being concerned with the human ______________?" spirit spirit or soul as opposed to material or physical things in the state of being spiritual 49. What must one remember about spirituality? Spirituality is never pure in form & is constantly changing and evolving Spirituality is never pure in form & is constant and halting Spirituality is pure in form & is constantly changing and evolving Spirituality is pure in form & is constant and halting 50. Modern spirituality was more: Varied Eclectic Global Ecumenical Radically Plural True False