Counselling Theory and Practice Module 1 PDF

3005PSY COUNSELLING THEORY AND PRACTICE Module 1: Specific and Common Factors WHAT MAKES THERAPY EFFECTIVE?  SPECIFIC FACTORS Features that define a treatment and make it different from other types of therapy – e.g., CBT, Gestalt, etc Differences in terms of: The...

3005PSY COUNSELLING THEORY AND PRACTICE Module 1: Specific and Common Factors WHAT MAKES THERAPY EFFECTIVE?  SPECIFIC FACTORS Features that define a treatment and make it different from other types of therapy – e.g., CBT, Gestalt, etc Differences in terms of: Theoretical model of human behaviour Techniques  SPECIFIC FACTORS A model is a set of assumptions about human behaviour: What causes behaviour? What changes behaviour? What maintains behaviour? What changes problems? Models provide a theoretical framework, structure and focus to counselling  SPECIFIC FACTORS Specific Factors Types of models: CBT Interpersonal Therapy Gestalt Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Dialectical Behaviour therapy Narrative Therapy Psychodrama Psychodynamic therapy Reality Therapy Existential psychotherapy Solution-focused therapy Rational-Emotive Behaviour Therapy Functional Analytical Therapy Emotion-focused Therapy Family systems therapy ……and roughly 400 others  SPECIFIC FACTORS Types of techniques (the procedure, interventions, or strategies used by practitioners of a model to produce change): Cognitive restructuring “I” messages Goal setting Roleplaying Empty chair techniques Exposure Cognitive defusion Active listening Free association Reframing Miracle question Dream interpretation Chain analysis Genograms And many, many, many more….  COMMON FACTORS Factors not specific to any particular model, but common to most (if not all) models: Therapeutic alliance Client factors Expectations for change All therapies may not share these factors equally, and may emphasise different aspects, in different ways, to different degrees  FACILITATING CHANGE What is more important? Specific Factors Common Factors