Spanish Phrases - First, Third Person

Spanish Alphabet ABECEDARIA ESPAÑOL A BE CE DE E EFE GE HACHE I JOTA KA E ELE EME ENE ENYE O PE CU ERRE ESE TE U UVE UVE DOBLE / DOBLE U/ DOBLE UVE/ EQUIS I GRIEGA ZETA BASIC SPANISH PHRASES (FIRST PERSON) PREGUNTA...

Spanish Alphabet ABECEDARIA ESPAÑOL A BE CE DE E EFE GE HACHE I JOTA KA E ELE EME ENE ENYE O PE CU ERRE ESE TE U UVE UVE DOBLE / DOBLE U/ DOBLE UVE/ EQUIS I GRIEGA ZETA BASIC SPANISH PHRASES (FIRST PERSON) PREGUNTA RESPONDER Hola Hello! (Formal) Hallo Hello! (Informal) Buenos dias! Good morning! Buenas tardes! Good afternoon! Buenas noches! Good evening! Como estas? Estoy [ ] How are you? Bien (Well) Mal (Unwell) Triste (Sad) Nerviosa (Nervious - Feminine) Nervioso (Nervious - Masculine) Como te llamas? Me llamo (/es) [ ] What do they call you? / your name  Cual es tu nombre? Mi nombre es [ ] What is your name? My name is.... De donde eres? Soy de [ ] Where are you from? (Formal) I’m from.... Ciudad de Manila (City of Manila) Ciudad de Biñan (City of Biñan) De donde vives? Vivo en [ ] Where do you live? (Formal) I live in.... Ciudad de Manila (City of Manila) Ciudad de Biñan (City of Biñan) Cuantos años tienes? Tengo [ ] años How old are you? I am.... years old Cuando es tu cumpleaño? Mi cumpleaño es en [dia] de [mez] When is your birthday? Day Month Estas soltera? Are you single? (Feminine) Estas soltero? Are you single (Masculine) Cual es tu numero de telefono? Mi numero de telefono.... What is your telephone number? My telephone number is.... Cual es tu numero de telefono movil? Mi numero de telefono movil.... What is your mobile phone number? My mobile phone number is.... Donde estudias? Estudia en.... Where do you study? I study at.... La Universidad de Santo Tomas  (The University of Santo Tomas - Feminine) Pueblo hablar contigo? Can I talk to you? Que lenguas de hablas? Ingles (English) What languages do you speak? Español (Spanish) Y (and) Un poco (Small) Muy poco (Very little) Cuantos hermanas tienes? Tengo.... hermana mayor How many sisters do you have? I have... older sister(s) Cuantos hermanos tienes? Tengo.... hermana menor How many brothers do you have? I have... younger sister(s) Tengo.... hermano mayor I have... older brother(s) Tengo.... hermano menor I have... younger brother(s) Tu comes? Have you eaten already? Tu comes hoy? Have you eaten already today? Como es escribe....? How do you spell....? Como se dice [word] en [language] How do you say....? Silencio, por favor.  Silence, please. Repite, por favor. Repeat, please. Callate! Shut up! Necessito de ayudar? Si, por favor (Yes, please) Do you need help? No (No) Mas despacito, por favor Slowly, please. BASIC SPANISH PHRASES (THIRD PERSON) PREGUNTA RESPONDER Como se llama? Se llama.... What is his/her name? His/her name is.... Como esta [name]? Esta.... How is [name]? He or she is.... )= Mal (Unwell) Triste (Sad) Nerviosa (Nervious - Feminine) Nervioso (Nervious - Masculine) Donde vives? Vivo en [ ] Where does he/she live? He/she lives at.... Ciudad de Manila (City of Manila) Ciudad de Biñan (City of Biñan) Donde eres? El es de..... Where is he/she from? He is from.... (Masculine)  Ella es de.... She is from.... (Feminine) Es un.... He is [nationality] (Masculine) Es una.... She is [nationality] (Feminine) Cuantos años tiene? Tiene [ ] años How old is he/she? He/she is.... years old Que lenguas de habla? Habla..... What languages does he/she speak? He or she speaks [language] Cuando es su cumpleaño? Su cumpleaño en [dia] de [mez] When is his/her birthday? His/her birthday is on [day] of [month] Donde estudia? Estudia en.... Where does he/she study? He/she studies at.... La Universidad de Santo Tomas (The University of Santo Tomas - Feminine) Lesson II SPANISH PRONOUNS PRONOMBRES EN ESPAÑOL Yo- I Usted - he/she/you (formal) Tu- you (informal) Nosotros/nosotras - we El &ella - He & she Vosotros /vosotras - you all Ser - To be Yo - soy ( I am ) Tu -eres ( you are ) el/ella/usted - es ( he/she is) Nosotros - somos ( we are ) Vosotros - sois ( you all are )  Ellos/ellas/ustedes - son (they are) Vivir - To live Yo - vivo( I live) Tu - vives ( you live) el/ella/usted - vive ( he/she lives) Nosotros - vivimos ( we live) Vosotros - vivis ( you all live) Ellos/ellas/ustedes - viven (they live) Hablar - To speak Yo - hablo ( I speak ) Tu - hablas ( you “) el/ella/usted - habla ( he/she “) Nosotros - hablamos ( we “) Vosotros - hablais ( you all “) Ellos/ellas/ustedes - hablan (they “) Tener - To have Yo - tengo ( I have) Tu - tienes ( you “) el/ella/usted - tiene ( he/she has) Nosotros - tenemos ( we have) Vosotros - teneis ( you all have) Ellos/ellas/ustedes - tienen (they have) Estudiar - To study Yo - estudio ( I study) Tu - estudias ( you “) el/ella/usted - estudia ( he/she “) Nosotros - estudiamos ( we “) Vosotros - estudias ( you all “) Ellos/ellas/ustedes - estudian (they “) Trabajar - To work Yo - trabajo ( I work) Tu - trabajas ( you “) el/ella/usted - trabaja ( he/she “) Nosotros - trabajamos ( we “) Vosotros - trabajais ( you all “) Ellos/ellas/ustedes - trabajan (they “) Llamarse - To call oneself  Yo - me llamo ( I call myself) Tu - te llamas ( you call yourself) el/ella/usted - se llama ( he/she calls he/herself) Nosotros - nos llamamos ( we call ourseves) Vosotros - os llamais ( you call yourselves) Ellos/ellas/ustedes - se llaman (they call themselves ) Colors in Spanish Colores en español negro - black marrón / café - brown gris - gray / grey blanco - white amarillo - yellow anaranjado / naranjo - orange rojo - red rosado - pink morado / púrpura - purple azul - blue verde - green Colores have different forms Colors are adjectives that must agree with the gender and number of the noun. It is importante to remember that the colors that end in -O or -A have a masculine and feminine form as well as a singular or plural form and must coincide with the noun (or subject). For example there are 4 forms of the color Blanco. Un sombrero blanco - (Blanco is in masculine and singular form, just like the word it describes) Unos sombreros blancos - (Blancos is in masculine and plural form) Una casa blanca - (Blanca is in feminine and singular form) Unas casas blancas - (Blancas is in feminine and plural form) With words that don't end in -O or -A (like verde and gris) don't have a change in the masculine or feminine form. However, you have to add the -S or -ES for its plural form. Un sombrero verde Unos sombreros verdes Una casa verde Unas casas verdes A color can also be a noun in a sentence El rojo enfurece a los toros. Word order with colors 1. The verb SER + color (Ser - because the color won't change or it has always been that color) Mi auto es verde Su mochila es amarilla 2. The verb ESTAR + color (Estar - It is only temporarily this color, it may change color tomorrow) Mi ojo está rojo (my eye normally isn't this color, maybe it is infected) El cielo hoy está azul (today the sky is blue though it might be cloudy tomorrow) 3. The noun + color La alfombra roja Los lapices azules Claro - Oscuro - Fuerte When we talk about colors, we can also include different tones, shades and intensities by using the following expressions: claro = light oscuro = dark fuerte = bright Claro is the opposite of Oscuro Fuerte is a bright intense color that is easy to see. Verónica tiene ojos verdes oscuros. Su pelo gris claro la hacía ver mayor. Su corbata rosada fuerte no le queda bien. You will notice that the words claro, oscuro and fuerte go after the color. Spanish has a word specifically used for the color light blue... celeste. https://www.spanish.cl/vocabulary-lists/colors.htm Most Common Spanish Adjectives Adjetivos más comunes en español General rules: How to use Spanish adjectives correctly Using adjectives for the first time in conversation or writing? There are two key rules you’ll need to remember to use them the right way. These rules apply to the vast majority of adjectives you’ll encounter! Let’s dive in so you can start using them in no time. 1. Place adjectives before nouns Unlike English, most adjectives in Spanish go after the noun. If we are talking about an attractive man, we’d say: un hombre guapo = a handsome man There are a few exceptions to this rule, but for now just remember to place the adjective after the thing you’re describing. 2. Change the ending to match noun gender and number In Spanish, all nouns are gendered (masculine/feminine), which means the parts of speech that modify them—both adjectives and articles—are often altered to agree with that gender. Adjectives and articles must also agree in number (singular/plural). Let’s take a look at the examples below: un hombre guapo = a handsome man unas mujeres guapas = pretty women See how everything matches? Hombre, which is a masculine noun, is modified by guapo, an adjective in masculine, singular form. Mujeres, which is a feminine noun, is modified by guapas, an adjective in feminine, plural form. Most adjectives will end in o for their masculine form and a for their feminine form: un gato divertido = a fun male cat una gata divertida = a fun female cat Note: Adjectives will usually be listed in a dictionary with only the masculine form or with their feminine variant listed second (divertido, da). Understanding the exceptions: How to use Spanish adjectives correctly As with all language rules, there are exceptions. We’ll break them down by adjective type. Using nationalities as adjectives Adjectives for nationalities are not capitalized in Spanish. For those ending in a consonant, you add the a for the feminine form: un niño japonés = a Japanese boy una niña japonesa = a Japanese girl Notice that in the feminine form it has no accent. Using adjectives that end in -or, -ón, -án, and -ín… For adjectives that end in -or, -ón, -án, or -ín, also add an a and drop the accent if the masculine form has one: un hombre trabajador = a hardworking man una mujer trabajadora = a Japanese girl un hombre gruñón = a grumpy man una mujer gruñona = a grumpy woman Using adjectives with unchangeable endings Some adjectives have endings that don’t change. These are the ones that do not end in o or a, and they are the same for masculine or feminine singular nouns: un hombre inteligente = an intelligent man una mujer inteligente = an intelligent woman Using bueno and malo There are two commonly used masculine adjectives—bueno and malo—that drop the o when they’re before a masculine singular noun, for example: un buen muchacho = a good young man un mal hombre = a bad man These adjectives can also follow the noun, as in es un muchacho bueno (he is a good young man). Be warned, though, that it’s not common to say it this way, and it’s far less impactful. Using adjectives of quantity The adjectives of quantity generally go before the noun. Tengo mucho dinero. = I have a lot of money. Es otro problema. = It is another problem. Using adjectives with the verb ser As in English, adjectives can follow the verb “to be”—ser. However, they must agree in number and gender: María es interesante. = Maria is interesting. Javier y Edgar son interesantes. = Javier and Edgar are interesting. Using adjectives with definitive articles In some cases, adjectives can function as nouns when paired with a definitive article, which include el, la, lo, los, and las. la bella = the beautiful one; the beautiful woman el flaco = the skinny one; the skinny man la roja = the red one (feminine noun) el verde = the green one (masculine noun) https://blog.rosettastone.com/most-common-spanish-adjectives/