South America Geography PDF

🦅 South America Week Week 2 Files South America stretched from 12’N to 55’S latitude South America 1  South America includes 14 countries: South America...

🦅 South America Week Week 2 Files South America stretched from 12’N to 55’S latitude South America 1  South America includes 14 countries: South America 2  1. Argentina 2. Bolivia 3. Brazil 4. Chile 5. Colombia 6. Ecuador 7. Falkland Islands (United Kingdom) i.e. (British Overseas Territories) 8. French Guiana (France) 9. Guyana 10. Paraguay 11. Peru 12. Suriname 13. Uruguay 14. Venezuela. The South American countries that touch the ocean are: Argentina (Atlantic Ocean) Brazil (Atlantic Ocean) Chile (Pacific Ocean) Colombia (Pacific Ocean and Caribbean Sea) Ecuador (Pacific Ocean) Guyana (Atlantic Ocean) Peru (Pacific Ocean) Suriname (Atlantic Ocean) Uruguay (Atlantic Ocean) Venezuela (Caribbean Sea and Atlantic Ocean) South America 3  Note: While not independent countries, French Guiana (France) also touches the Atlantic Ocean, and the Falkland Islands (United Kingdom) are surrounded by the South Atlantic Ocean. Mount Aconcagua Valdes Peninsula 7914 km from north to south 4358 km from east to west Major Physical Division of South America The Pacific Coastal strip It lies in the west, between the ocean and the Andes. It is the longest coastal plain in the Atlantic world It is about 80 km wide in most places, but in some, it is as narrow as 8 meters. The coastline of South America is smooth and regular. At the river mouths, there are inlets that are used as harbors The south-western coast of the continent has fiords or deep inlets of the sea Andes Mountain - A part of the 7 countries The Central lowlands Formed by two river systems, the Amazon- the Orinoco and the Parana - Paraguay. The Orinoco basin has dense tropical forests. The northern part is plain covered with savanna grass called the lianos. The equatorial jungle of the Amazon basin is called the Selvas, and it is a typical rainforest. The rich temperate grasslands around the mouth of Parna-paraguay is the pampas. South America 4  At the source of these rivers is a region of scrub forest called the Gran Chaco. Mountain Ranges The Andes it stretches almost all of South America, The height of the mount Aconcagua is 6962 mts. inter mountain Mount Cotopaxi and Mount Chimborazo The Eastern Highlands These are plateaus made up of hard old rocks. The River Amazon separates them into Guiana Highland to the north and the Brazilian highland to the south They Have Been worn down by wind, rain, and rivers; They have steep cliffs along the east coast and slope gently towards the Central Plains The Savanna Grasslands of the Brazilian Highlands are the Campos. South America 5  Understand the countries that do not share the borders with the ocean 💡 Q. Discuss the Drainage System of South America. Q. There will be a Question about South America with its Physiography and Drainage If drainage, we need to write about these 3 drainage systems only (Amazon, Rio de Plato, Orinoco) Remember the Diagram about these river Basin Drainage system of South America South America 6  The Amazon Basin It is the basin of the River Amazon Its length is second to that of the Nile River in Africa It has the largest flow of water in the world The river drains nearly 40 % of the area of the South America The major tributaries of the Amazon River are the Caqueta, the Jurua, the Madeira, The Negro, etc. Equatorial Rainforest Navigable till manus Petroleum at mouth Natural Rubber Amazon Rainforest - deforestation due to cattle ranching and soya bean fields. The Rio De Plata Basin The Basin is the second The Main Rivers are Paraguay, The Orinoco Basin It traverses 2740 km to meet the Atlantic ocean It rises in the Southern end of Sierra Parima near Mount Delgado Chalboud at a height of 1000 m The word the Orinoco means a ‘place to paddle’ the is river where navigation is possible The world’s highest waterfall, Angel (979m), is situated on the river Churun, which is the Tributary of river Caroni, which is the Further Tributary of river Orinoco The Sao Francisco Basin South America 7  NAME LOCATION Lake Maracaibo (12,950 sq. North of Venezuela is one of the major oil-producing km) regions. Largest lake of South America. Lake Titicaca (12,500 feet Situated between Bolivia and Peru. Highest navigable lake above sea level) in the world. It lies in the Altiplano (high Plateau between the Andes Lake Popo mountain chain) in Bolivia. Home of many unique species of reptiles (turtles), birds, Galapagos Islands and fishes. Lithium Triangle The Lithium Triangle refers to a region in South America encompassing parts of Argentina, Bolivia, and Chile that contains more than half of the world's known lithium reserves. This area is significant for its potential in supplying the growing global demand for lithium, particularly for use in batteries and electric vehicles. 1. The top 5 most populous countries in South America are: Brazil: 201 million Colombia: 47 million Argentina: 41 million Peru: 31 million Venezuela: 30 million 2. The 5 least populous countries in South America are: Falkland Islands (UK): 3,000 French Guiana: 259,000 Suriname: 539,000 Guyana: 798,000 Uruguay: 3.297 million South America 8