Prosthodontics Lecture Notes PDF

Lec.1 Dr. Madiha Fouad Introduction Prosthetics: the art and science of supplying artificial replacement for missing parts of human body. Prosthesis: an artificial replacement of...

Lec.1 Dr. Madiha Fouad Introduction Prosthetics: the art and science of supplying artificial replacement for missing parts of human body. Prosthesis: an artificial replacement of an absent part of the human body. Prosthodontics (prosthetic dentistry): the branch of dentistry concerned with the design, manufacture, and fitting of artificial replacements for teeth and other parts of the mouth (maxillofacial tissues) using biocompatible substitutes. Dental prosthesis: an artificial replacement of missing natural teeth with their associated dental and alveolar structures. Dentulous: a condition in which natural teeth are present in the mouth. Edentulous: without teeth. *** Prosthodontic dentistry includes the following: 1. Removable prosthodontics: any dental prosthesis that replaces some or all teeth in a partially dentate arch (removable partial denture) or edentate arch (removable complete denture). It can be removed from the mouth and replaced at will. 2. Fixed prosthodontics: is a dental prosthesis that replaces one or more missing tooth and it is fixed by the dentist and cannot be removed by the patient (fixed bridge\crown). 3. Implant prosthodontics: the replacement of missing teeth by a foreign object (implant) inserted within the bones to support a fixed or removable prosthesis. 4. Maxillofacial prosthodontics: replacement of missing parts of oral and facial structures (soft and hard palate, ear, nose, eye, cranial bones). 1  Support Stability Retention the resistance to vertical the resistance to horizontal the resistance to removal in components of mastication movement. a direction opposite that of and to occlusal forces insertion. applied to the basal seat. Complete denture: a removable dental prosthesis that replaces the entire dentition and associated structures of the maxilla or mandible. Objectives of complete denture 1. Restoration of the function of mastication. 2. Restoration of esthetics. 3. Correction of speech due to the loss of natural teeth. 4. Preservation of the remaining tissues in health. 5. Satisfaction, pleasing and comfort of the patient. Complete dentures are composed of the following: 1. Basal (impression) surface: the part of a denture that rests on the foundation tissue (the oral structures). 2. Occlusal surface: the portion of a denture that makes contact with its antagonist (opposing). 3. Polished surface: the portion of the denture surface that extends in an occlusal direction from the border of the denture to the buccal and lingual surfaces of the teeth, it also includes the palatal surface. It is the part that is usually polished. 4. Denture flange: the part of the denture base that extends from the cervical ends of the teeth to the denture border. 5. Denture border: the margin of the denture base at the junction of the polished surface and the impression surface. 2 Impression surface Denture border Denture flange Polished surface Occlusal surface 3  Branches of Prosthodontics Maxillofacial Implant Fixed Removable Prostheses Prostheses Prostheses Prostheses complete Partial Prostheses Prostheses 4 *** CLINICAL AND LABERATORY OUTLINE FOR COMPLETE DENTURE CONSTRUCTION: 1st Visit (Clinical): Patient interview. Primary impressions. Lab: Pour impressions with dental plaster. Custom tray fabrication. 2nd Visit (Clinical): Adjust tray borders Border molding Final impressions Lab: **Box impressions Pour impressions with dental stone Fabricate record bases with occlusion rims 3rd Visit (Clinical): Adjust maxillary occlusion rim Measure physiologic rest position. Adjust mandibular occlusion rim to a tentative occlusal vertical dimension (O.V.D.). **Face-bow record. Record centric relation at O.V.D. Lab: Mount casts on articulator. Set-up of artificial teeth. 4th Visit (Clinical): Recheck **Protrusive record (set condylar guidances of articulator) Locate and carve posterior palatal seal Lab: Arrangement of teeth. Wax-up. Processing and polishing. **Make plaster remount casts. 5th Visit (Clinical): Insertion and adjustment 6th, 7th, etc. Visits (Clinical): Adjustments and final evaluation. (Levin B. & Richardson, G.D.: COMPLETE DENTURE PROSTHODONTICS; A Manual for Clinical Procedures. 7th ed., 2002, Page 8-9) 5