Ships Handling Fundamentals PDF

STANDARD COMMANDS FUNDAMENTALS ORDERS TO THE WHEEL Orders to the wheel are a manner in which the OOD commands are very important, he/she must speak clearly and loud enough to be heard with positive, incisive tone. Whenever possible an order should be worded as to indicate first the...

STANDARD COMMANDS FUNDAMENTALS ORDERS TO THE WHEEL Orders to the wheel are a manner in which the OOD commands are very important, he/she must speak clearly and loud enough to be heard with positive, incisive tone. Whenever possible an order should be worded as to indicate first the direction toward which the rudder is to be move, and second, the amount of the rudder angle. Usual military Commands to the helmsman are as follows: “Right (left) Standard rudder” – is the amount of rudder required to turn to a particular ship within a certain prescribe tactical diameter. This is determined in advance for each vessel, usually 15 to 20 degrees angle.  “Right (left) Full rudder” – is certain number of degrees greater than standard rudder. A rudder is usually capable of a 35 degree swing on either side of the center line, but full rudder seldom means more than 30 degrees on rudder angle. The extra 5 degrees issued only when absolutely necessary.  “Hard Right (left)”- The order which requires the helmsman to put all the rudder angle possible. This order is given only during emergencies. “Right (left) 5, 10, 15”, etc - degrees rudder angle is possible, this order designates the angle the helmsman will put on the rudder.  “Come Right(left) to 148”, etc - called to swing the ship’s head in the direction indicated and steady her on the course given, in this case, 148’. “Steer 190”, etc - is usually given for a minor change of course as a check on the course the ships is heading.  “Steady on 225”, etc - is usually given while swinging, to indicate course on which the ships is to be steadied up. “Give Me More Rudders” - is given to increase the rudder angle, generally when a shorter turn is desired.  “Ease the Rudder”- generally given as “Ease Her, “means reduce the rudder angle. This may be given as “ease her to 5 (10, etc) degrees. “Rudder Amidship”- generally given as “Midship, “It means to put the rudder on the center line, no rudder angle.  “Meet Her”- means to check, to stop the swing, but putting on opposite rudder. “Steady, Steady So, Steady as She Go” – means to steady her upon the course she is heading when the order is given, If the ships is swinging, course must be noted at the time, and the ship’s head brought back to and steadied on it as soon as possible.  “Shift the Rudder” – means to change from right to left rudder, or vice versa. This order is usually given when the ship loses headway and begins to gather sternway, to keep her head pointed in the same direction. “Mind Your Rudder”- a caution to steer more carefully, it is a warming to standby for another order to follow.  “Nothing to the Right(left) – given when the presence of some danger on one side as the other makes it necessary to avoid a set in that direction. The helmsman must keep the ship’s head from swinging past the course in the direction specified. “Keep her so” –given in reply to the helmsman’s announcement of the heading he is steering. Means “Continue to steer on that heading”.  “How is Your Rudder”- a question to the helmsman. He should reply, “Five (ten, fifteen, etc) degrees right (left) or full rudder, sir”. “Very Well”- a reply to the watch officer to the helmsman, meaning “The situation is understood.” The Following is an example of a Command and Report in proper sequence. “Right full rudder” (Helmsman repeat) “Right full rudder” (When carried out) rudder is right full now sir.” (Officer of the Watch)” Very Well” ”All engines ahead standard” (When acknowledge by the engine room) Report. “All engines standards now, sir.” (Officer of the watch) “Very well”.  All orders to the helmsman which specify a course heading must refer to the compass which is steering at the time. Each course or heading is stated in three digits. Like the following: -The order to steer 5 degrees is not “steer 5” but “steer zero, zero, and five (005).” COMMANDS 1. “Right (left) Standard rudder” 2. “Right (left) Full rudder” 3. “Hard Right (left)” 4. “Right (left) 5, 10, 15”, etc 5. “Come Right(left) to 148”, etc 6. “Steer 190”, etc 7. “Steady on 225”, etc 8. “Give Me More Rudders” 9. “Ease the Rudder” 10.“Rudder Amidship” 11.“Meet Her” 12. “Steady, Steady So, Steady as She Go” 13.“Shift the Rudder” 14. “Mind Your Rudder” 15. “Nothing to the Right(left) 16.“Keep her so” 17. “How is Your Rudder” MOORING/ LINE HANDLING  Mooring Line - line used to secure the ship to a wharf, pier or another ship. Numbered from forward aft in the order that they are run out from the ship, but their names describe their location, their use, and the direction they tend as they leave the ship. 1. Breast Line – run at right angles to the keel. Control the distance from the pier. 2. Forward Spring Line – tend forward from the ship to the pier. Control the ship’s aft movement. 3. After Spring Line – tend aft from the ship to the pier. Control the ship’s forward movement. 4. Bow/ Head Line – runs through the bull-nose or chock nearest the eye of the ship and is led well up the pier to reduce after motion of the ship. 5. Stern Line – lines used to reduce stern motion of the ship. ORDERS TO THE LINES THANK YOU HOYAAAHHHH