Seam ni Dejongoy Cargo Securing Procedures PDF

Seam ni Dejongoy  securing - describes the procedures in which military explosives are effectively blocked and braced aboard merchant ships must have precautions for cargo hazards like Shock, fire, high temperatures and moisture shoring - the process of securing cargo from moving side...

Seam ni Dejongoy  securing - describes the procedures in which military explosives are effectively blocked and braced aboard merchant ships must have precautions for cargo hazards like Shock, fire, high temperatures and moisture shoring - the process of securing cargo from moving side to side (also downward movement) tomming - securing of cargo from moving upwards long cargoes are stowed with their ends in the fore and aft direction  Blocking - the act of attaching solid pieces of wood or blocks in cargo to prevent its movement lashing - securing of cargo with the goal of minimizing shifting during transportation chocking - the process of putting the cargoes in a container securing operation must be finished before leaving berth the master is reponsible for planning and supervising cargoes two basic container sizes and markings TEU - (twenty equivalent units) (size) FEU - (forty equivalent units) (size) TARE weights - is the weight of an empty container weighing 2200kg for TEU(marking) LADEN weights - container weighing 20000kg to 32000kg(marking) planning and preparation Cargo Assessment: Evaluate the type, weight, and dimensions of the cargo. Understand the specific requirements for securing different types of cargo. Stowage Plan: Develop a detailed stowage plan that takes into account the cargo's weight distribution, center of gravity, and potential for shifting during transit. documentation Cargo Manifest: Ensure all cargo is documented accurately in the cargo manifest. This should include details on the type, quantity, and location of the cargo. Securing Requirements: Review any specific securing requirements listed in the cargo’s documentation or manufacturer’s instructions. cargo handling Loading: Use appropriate equipment and techniques to load cargo safely. Ensure that cargo is placed in a manner that maximizes stability and minimizes movement. Inspection: Inspect cargo and securing equipment before and after loading to identify any issues that need addressing. securing methods Lashing: Use lashings (ropes, chains, or straps) to secure cargo to the ship’s structure. Ensure that lashings are tightened properly to prevent movement. Shoring and Dunnage: Use shoring (supports) and dunnage (material placed between cargo and ship’s structure) to fill gaps and prevent shifting. Dunnage also protects cargo from damage. Blocking and Bracing: Apply blocking (using wooden or metal blocks) and bracing (supports that prevent movement) to stabilize cargo and prevent it from shifting. securing equipment Tie-downs and Straps: Use appropriate tie-downs and straps designed for the type of cargo. Ensure they are in good condition and properly fastened. Ratchets and Tensioners: Use ratchets or tensioners to apply adequate tension to securing devices. cargo stability Weight Distribution: Distribute weight evenly to maintain the vessel’s stability. Heavier cargo should be placed lower and closer to the center of the vessel. Center of Gravity: Maintain a low center of gravity to avoid shifting and reduce the risk of capsizing. monitoring and adjustments Periodic Checks: Regularly check cargo and securing devices throughout the voyage, especially after rough weather or significant vessel movements. Adjustments: Make necessary adjustments to securing arrangements as cargo settles or if any shifting is detected. safety precautions Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Ensure all personnel involved in securing cargo are wearing appropriate PPE. Emergency Procedures: Have emergency procedures in place for dealing with cargo shifts or other issues that may arise. regulatory compliance International Regulations: Adhere to international regulations such as the International Maritime Organization’s (IMO) Code of Safe Practice for Cargo Stowage and Securing (CSS Code). Local Regulations: Comply with any local regulations or guidelines that may apply to cargo securing. documentation and rep[orting Inspection Records: Keep detailed records of inspections and any adjustments made during the voyage. Incident Reporting: Report any incidents or problems encountered with cargo securing to appropriate authorities or company management.  bay - vertical section of the cargo hold of a container ship. It represents a specific horizontal area where containers are placed, often spanning the width of the ship. row - horizontal line of containers within a bay. teir - vertical stack of containers within a row.  The International Maritime Solid Bulk Cargoes (IMSBC) Code defines solid bulk cargo as any material, other than liquid or gas, consisting of a combination of particles, granules or larger pieces of material, generally uniform in composition, which is loaded directly into the cargo spaces of a ship without any intermediate form of containment. BCSN - (Bulk Cargo Shipping Name) - identifies a bulk cargo during transport by sea.  Bulk density - means the weight of solids, air and water per unit volume.(formula = kg/m3) Cargo space - means any space in a ship designated for carriage of cargoes. Competent Authority - means any national regulatory body or authority designated or otherwise recognized as such for any purpose in connection with this Code. Concentrates - means materials obtained from a natural ore by a process of enrichment or beneficiation by physical or chemical separation and removal of unwanted constituents.  Consignment - means a solid bulk cargo presented by a shipper for transport. Flow moisture point - means the percentage moisture content (wet mass basis) at which a flow state develops under the prescribed method of test in a representative sample of the material Flow state - means a state occurring when a mass of granular material is saturated with liquid to an extent that, under the influence of prevailing external forces such as vibration, impaction or ships motion, it loses its internal shear strength and behaves as a liquid. groups of cargo group A - liquefy if shipped at a moisture content in excess of their transportable moisture limit. group B - possess a chemical hazard which could give rise to a dangerous situation on a ship. group C - neither liable to liquefy (Group A) nor to possess chemical hazards (Group B).  High-density solid bulk cargo - means a solid bulk cargo with a stowage factor of 0.56 m3 /t or less. Incompatible materials - means materials that may react dangerously when mixed. Materials hazardous only in bulk (MHB) - means materials which may possess chemical hazards when carried in bulk other than materials classified as dangerous goods in the IMDG Code.  Moisture content - means that portion of a representative sample consisting of water, ice or other liquid expressed as a percentage of the total wet mass of that sample. Moisture migration - means the movement of moisture contained in a cargo by settling and consolidation of the cargo due to vibration and ship’s motion. Water is progressively displaced, which may result in some portions or all of the cargo developing a flow state. Non-cohesive material - means dry materials that readily shift due to sliding during transport, as listed in appendix 3, paragraph 1, “Properties of dry bulk cargoes”.  Representative test sample - means a sample of sufficient quantity for the purpose of testing the physical and chemical properties of the consignment to meet specified requirements. Shipper - means any person by whom or in whose name, or on whose behalf, a contract of carriage of goods by sea has been concluded with a carrier, or any person by whom or in whose name, or on whose behalf, the goods are actually delivered to the carrier in relation to the contract of carriage by sea  Solid bulk cargo - means any cargo, other than a liquid or a gas, consisting of a combination of particles, granules or any larger pieces of material generally uniform in composition which is loaded directly into the cargo spaces of a ship without any intermediate form of containment. Stowage factor - means the figure which expresses the number of cubic metres which one tonne of cargo will occupy.  Transportable Moisture Limit (TML) - of a cargo which may liquefy means the maximum moisture content of the cargo which is considered safe for carriage in ships not complying with the special provisions of subsection 7.3.2. It is determined by the test procedures, approved by a competent authority, such as those specified in paragraph 1 of appendix 2.  Liquefaction - means that a cargo becomes fluid (liquefies). On ships, this happens when the cargo is compacted by the ship’s motion. Cargoes which are prone to liquefaction contain a certain quantity of moisture and small particles, although they may look relatively dry and granular when loaded. Liquefaction can lead to cargo shift and even to the capsize and total loss of the ship, and can occur even when cargoes are cohesive and trimmed level.