SCTS 1013 Science, Technology and Society Module 4, 2nd Semester 2020-2021 PDF

**UNIVERSITY OF SAINT LOUIS** **Tuguegarao City** **SCHOOL OF EDUCATION, ARTS and SCIENCES** **Second Semester** **A.Y. 2020-2021** **CORRESPONDENCE LEARNING MODULE** **SCTS 1013 -- Science, Technology and Society** **Prepared by:** **MARVIN B. BACCAY, MST** **NICKSON B. CAMMAYO** **MARLY...

**UNIVERSITY OF SAINT LOUIS** **Tuguegarao City** **SCHOOL OF EDUCATION, ARTS and SCIENCES** **Second Semester** **A.Y. 2020-2021** **CORRESPONDENCE LEARNING MODULE** **SCTS 1013 -- Science, Technology and Society** **Prepared by:** **MARVIN B. BACCAY, MST** **NICKSON B. CAMMAYO** **MARLY I. CANAPI Ph.D.** **ANGELOU D. CAOLE** *Course Instructor* **Reviewed by:** **[RENZ MARION C. GAVINO, MP]** *General Education Area Head* **Recommended by:** **[VENUS I. GUYOS, Ph.D.]** *Academic Dean* **Approved by:** **[EMMANUEL JAMES P. PATTAGUAN, Ph.D.]** *Vice President for Academics* **UNIVERSITY PRAYER** *O God, wellspring of goodness and blessings, we give you thanks and praise as one Louisian community. The graces You incessantly grant upon us and Your divine providence have sustained our beloved University throughout the years of mission and excellence.* *Having been founded by the Congregation of the Immaculate Heart of Mary, we pray that You keep us committed and dedicated to our mission and identity to serve the Church and the society as we become living witnesses to the Gospel values proclaimed by Jesus. For if we are steadfast in our good and beautiful mission, our works will bring success not only to ourselves but also to those whom we are bound to love and serve.* *Inspired by St. Louis our Patron Saint, who was filled with a noble spirit that stirred him to love You above all things, may we also live believing that we are born for a greater purpose and mission as we dwell in Your presence all the days of our life.* *Grant all these supplications through the intercession of\ Mother Mary and through Christ our Lord. Amen.* **CORRESPONDENCE LEARNING MODULE** **SCTS 1013: Science, Technology and Society** **AY 2020-2021** **LESSON 5: Human Flourishing** +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Topic:** | A. **The Human Person | | | Flourishing in terms of | | | Science and Technology** | | | | | | B. **Technology as a Way of | | | Revealing** | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ ------------------------ ----------------------------------------------------- **Learning Outcomes:** **At the end of this module, you are expected to:** ------------------------ ----------------------------------------------------- 1. Identify different conceptions of *human flourishing*; 2. Explain the concept of human condition before science and technology; 3. Identify the factors that changed the human condition after science and technology 4. Name ways on how technology aided in revealing the truth about the human being. +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **Date** | **Topics** | **Activities or | | | | Tasks** | +=======================+=======================+=======================+ | **March 15-16** | *The Human Person | **Read Lessons** | | | Flourishing in terms | | | | of Science and | | | | Technology* | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **March 17-18** | | **Complete | | | | Participation | | | | Worksheet** | | | | | | | | **Read Lessons** | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **March 19 & 22** | *Technology as a Way | | | | of Revealing* | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | | **Read Lessons** | | | | | | | | **Accomplish Quiz | | | | Template** | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **March 23-24** | | **Complete Learning | | | | Task** | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **March 25** | | **Turning over of | | | | learning task and | | | | acquisition of new | | | | module** | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ **LEARNING CONTENT** **Introduction:** Every living creature is meant to become what is meant to be. The caterpillar is meant to become a beautiful butterfly; a small seed into a full-grown herb, bush or tree; and a human baby into a mature person, the person "who is fully alive, the Glory of God" in the words of St. Irenaeus. As we grow and develop there are different factors that affect us, there are different questions that need to be answered and there are steps and actions that need to be undertaken. Flourishing is the highest good of human attempt to achieve our goals. It is a success as a human being when we achieved it for the betterment of our lives. The best life is one of excellent human activity. "Eudaimonia", literally "good spirited" is a term connected by renowned Greek Philosopher Aristotle to describe the peak of human's happiness that can be attained. The big question is "How?". How will you achieve your flourishing? Therefore, I expect you to become not just informed students, but to be transformed students ready to seek knowledge and to do more with the knowledge that you have! That maybe more challenging, especially with this pandemic we are experiencing, but with the right motivation, we can still attain this goal. Let's go! **Lesson Proper:** **[HUMAN FLOURISHING]** ***Are you flourishing as a human?*** *Similar to the picture on the left portion is that we are like plants. We have our own right time when we will bloom and eventually when we will be fully-grown. On the other hand, are we happy of growing? Some maybe unlocking some questions in life but most of us are choosing happiness along with success. Look at the picture on the right portion, do you consider yourself happy just like them? Then at this moment have some realizations and try to connect these two images by simply answering this question: am I flourishing at the expense of my happiness?* **A. The Human Person Flourishing in terms of Science and Technology** - Science and technology continuously seep into the way people go about their daily lives. However, the omnipresence of science and technology must not eclipse the basic tenets of ethics and morality. Instead, it should allow the human person to flourish alongside scientific progress and technological development. As time passes by, elements that comprise human flourishing changed, which are subject to the dynamic social history as written by humans. People found means to live more comfortably, explore more places, develop more products, and make more money, and then repeating the process in full circle. In the beginning, early people relied on simple machines to make hunting and gathering easier. This development allowed them to make grander and more sophisticated machines to aid them in their endeavors that eventually led to space explorations, medicine innovations, and ventures of life after death. Our concept of human flourishing today proves to be different from what Aristotle originally perceived then- humans of today are expected to become a "man of the world". He is supposed to situate himself in a global neighborhood, working side by side among institutions and the government to be able to reach a common goal. ***EASTERN vs. WESTERN CONCEPT on Society and Human Flourishing*** - In **Western civilization**, Human Flourishing is focused on the **individual himself**. - In **Eastern civilization**, Human Flourishing pertains into **community-centric view**. (According to them, community takes the highest regard that the individual should sacrifice himself for the sake of society.) This is apparent in the **Chinese Confucian system** or the **Japanese Bushido**, both of which view the **whole as greater than their components**. The Chinese and Japanese encourage studies of literature, sciences, and art, not entirely for oneself but in **service of a greater cause**. However, human flourishing as an end then is primarily more concern for western civilizations over eastern ones. The **Greek Aristotelian view**, on the other hand, aims for ***eudaimonia*** as the ultimate good; there is no indication whatsoever that Aristotle entailed it instrumental to achieve some other goals. Perhaps, a person who has achieved such state would want to serve the community, but that is brought upon through deliberation based on his values rather than his belief that the state is greater than him, and thus is only appropriate that he should recognize it as a higher entity worthy of service. **Why are Diversity and Collaboration in the Scientific Community important towards Human Flourishing?** **[Science as a Social Endeavor]** Here is an illustration of a Geeky Scientist, isolated in the windowless basement lab, strictly following the rules of the Scientific Method, until he finished a great discovery. In this picture science works even all the steps in the scientific method not followed. The process of science is flexible and may take many possible paths. Science is done by unique individuals without following a certain routine with motivation, ambition, and creativity. Many of them are passionate about their work and many of them are creative towards achieving their goals. Scientists do spend time working alone in their own lab, field, or at the computer but also in collaborating with other scientists to widen their perspective as scientist. Most scientific work also involves reviewing other scientists' articles for journals, teaching, mentoring graduate students and younger scientists, speaking at conferences, and participating in scientific societies. The job of a scientist involves lot more than disappearing into a windowless lab and running an endless series of experiments. Scientists from such diverse backgrounds bring many points of view that have bearing on scientific problems. The following are the importance of diversity and collaboration in the scientific community towards human flourishing: 1\. **Collaboration and diversity balance possible ideas** 2. **Diversity and collaboration stimulate problem solving** 3\. **Diversity and collaboration facilitate specialization** 4\. **Diversity and collaboration are inspiration and motivation** 5\. **Diversity and collaboration divide labor** Scientific method gives a logical way on how to solve a problem and to improve our daily living, but science does not work alone. There should be a collaboration among individuals and have different ideas, drives, characteristics, motivations, culture and beliefs that help us to attain what we call **"human flourishing".** **Martin Heidegger (1889-1976)** ***"The essence of technology is by no means anything technological"*** - German philosopher who was part of the Continental tradition of philosophy - Sternly opposes positivism and technological world domination - Joined the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in 1933 - His membership to the Nazi Party made him controversial - Focused on ontology or the study of being or dasein More info: **The Essence of Technology** "We shall be questioning concerning technology, and in so doing we should like to prepare a free relationship to it. The relationship will be free if it opens our human existence to the essence of technology." *One of Heidegger's principal aims in his essay is to seek the true meaning of essence through or by way of the "correct" meaning.* *In his treatise, **The Question Concerning Technology**, Heidegger (1977) explains the two widely embraced definitions of technology:* *1. **Instrumental definition**: Technology is a means to an end.* - *In this context, technology is viewed as a tool available to individuals, groups, and communities that desire to make an impact on society.* - *Technology is an instrument aimed at getting things done.* *2. **Anthropological definition**: Technology is a human activity.* - *To achieve an end and to produce and use a means to an end is, by itself, a human activity.* - *The production or invention of technological equipment, tools and machines, the products and inventions, and the purpose and functions they serve are what define technology.* **B. Technology as a Way of Revealing** Humanity has indeed come a long way from our primitive ways, and as a general rule, it is said that we are more "developed" than we were before. Modern humans are reliant on technology in their search for the good life. We see ways and means from nature to utilize and achieve growth- a goal that we believe would bring forth betterment. In retrospect, this view of technology proves to be goal-oriented. It assumes that it is instrumental in achieving a goal in mind, that it is a purposeful, deliberate craft humans steer in order to reach some greater good. In the advent of postmodernism, however, the deterministic view appended to technology crumbled as people began to question if anything is deterministic at all. Apart from its purpose, what is technology? Some tried to redefine technology away from its purpose. Heidegger argued that its essence or purpose, and being are different from each other. He was able to expound on this point upon identifying that technology can either be perceived as first, a means to achieve man's end and second, that which constitutes human activity. The second perspective paints technology in such a way that each period reveals a particular character regarding man's being. A characteristic design, or flaw, unfolds based on the repercussions brought upon by immersing ourselves with a piece of new technology. In effect, through technology, a myriad of new questions begins to mount. Rather than thinking that humans have a clear idea of what to expect in a good life, it can be stated that technology allows humans to confront the unknown and see how they would react. In that sense, technology is a way of revealing. *Heidegger envisioned technology as a way of revealing -- a mode of **'bringing forth'**.* *Terminologies:* ***Poiesis** -- refers to the act of bringing something out of concealment.* * by bringing something out of concealment, the truth of that something is revealed.* ***Aletheia** -- translated as unclosedness, unconcealedness, disclosure, or truth.* *Thus, for Heidegger, technology is a form of poiesis -- a way of revealing that unconceals aletheia or the truth.* - *This is seen in the way the term **techne** is understood in different contexts.* - *In philosophy, techne resembles the term episteme that refers to the human ability to make and perform.* - *Techne also encompasses knowledge and understanding.* - *In art, it refers to tangible and intangible aspects of life.* - *The Greeks understood techne in the way that it encompasses not only craft, but other acts of the mind, and poetry.* ***Technology as Poiesis: Does Modern Technology Bring Forth or Challenge Forth?*** - *Heidegger posited that both **primitive crafts** and **modern technology** are **revealing**.* - *However, he explained that modern technology is revealing not in the sense of bringing forth or poiesis* - *"The revealing that rules in modern technology is a challenging, which puts to nature the unreasonable demand that it should supply energy which can be extracted and stored as such".* - *Modern technology challenges forth, because it makes people think to do things faster, more effectively, and with less effort.* - *It prompts people into dominating and **enframing** the earth's natural resources.* - *Challenging forth reduces objects as standing reserve or be disposed of by those who enframe them -- humans.* ***Bringing Forth vs. Challenging Forth*** - *The field that the peasant formerly cultivated and set in order appears differently than it did when to set in order still meant to take care of and maintain. The work of the peasant does not challenge the soil of the field.* - *Agriculture is now the mechanized food industry. Air is now set upon to yield nitrogen, the earth to yield ore, ore to yield uranium, for example; uranium is set up to yield atomic energy, which can be unleashed either for destructive or for peaceful purposes.* ***Enframing as Modern Technology's Way of Revealing*** - *Heidegger distinguished the way of revealing of modern technology by considering it as a process of enframing.* - *Humankind's desire to control everything, including nature is captured in this process.* - *By putting things, in this case nature, in a frame, it becomes much easier for humans to control it according their desires.* - *Enframing, according to Heidegger, is akin to two ways of looking at the world:* *1. **Calculative thinking** -- humans desire to put an order to nature to better understand and control it.* *2**. Meditative thinking** -- humans allow nature to reveal itself to them without the use of force or violence.* - *Calculative thinking tends to be more commonly utilized, primarily because humans\' desire to control due to their fear of irregularity.* - *Enframing, then, is a way of ordering (or framing) nature to better manipulate it.* - *Enframing happens because of how humans desire for security, even if it puts all of nature as a standing reserve ready for exploitation.* - *Modern technology challenges humans to enframe nature.* - *Thus, humans become part of the standing reserve and an instrument of technology, to be exploited in the ordering of nature.* - *The role humans take as instruments of technology through enframing is called **destining**.* - *In destining, humans are challenged forth by enframing to reveal what is real.* - *However, this destining of humans to reveal nature carries with it the danger of misconstruction or misinterpretation.* ***The Dangers of Technology***  - *The dangers of technology lie in how humans let themselves be consumed by it.* - *As mere tenants on Earth, people must not allow themselves to be consumed by technology lest they lose the essence of who they are as human beings.* - *In this sense, humans are in danger of becoming merely part of the standing reserve or, alternatively, may find themselves in nature.* - *Recognizing its dangers of technology requires critical and reflective thinking on its use.* *Example: Social media* ***Pros: efficient and convenient way of communication*** ***Cons: invasion of privacy, proliferation of fake news*** - *However, the real threat of technology comes from its essence, not its activities or products.* - *The correct response to the danger of technology in the technology is not simply dismissing technology altogether.* - *Heidegger explained that people are delivered over to worst possible way when they regard it as something neutral.* - ***"The essence of technology is by no means anything technological."** -- M. Heidegger (1977).* +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ | **Your Thoughts!** | | | | In not more than 4 sentences, share your insights on this question. | | | | *A. How do you think Facebook and Twitter can be used in a way that | | is more consistent with Heidegger's idea of poiesis or a bringing | | forth of technology?* | | | | Please proceed to the **Participation** **Section** of this module | +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ ***Art as the saving Power***  *Necessary reflection upon and confrontation with technology are required in order to proactively address the dangers of technology.* *Friedrich Holderlin, a German poet quoted by Heidegger, said: **"But where danger is, grows the saving power also."*** *Following this, the saving power can be traced exactly where the danger is -- in the essence of technology.* - *Heidegger proposed art as the saving power and the way out of enframing: **"And art was simply called techne. It was a single, manifold revealing"*** - *Heidegger saw art as an act of the mind, i.e., a techne that protected and had great power over the truth.* - *Art encourages humans to think less from a calculative standpoint where nature is viewed as an ordered system.* - *It inspires meditative thinking where nature is seen as an art and that, in all of art, nature is most poetic.* *The poetry that is found in nature can no longer be easily appreciated when nature is enframed. If the Earth has just become a gas station for us, then we become enframed as well. In modern technology, the way of revealing is no longer poietic; it is challenging. When instruments are observed linearly, its poetry can no longer be found. For example, the watermill is a primitive structure compared to the hydropower plant; or the first iPhone model is just an obsolete piece of machine. People no longer realize how the watermill is more in tune with the rhythms of nature or how much genius went into building the first iPhone. Therefore, Heidegger proposes that art is a saving power. It saves us from being unable to see the poetic side of the reality. This leads us to the meditative way of thinking that we just need the nature to reveal itself without putting any force. In other words, just like an art, let it portray its message for us without interventions from external sources, most especially technology. How this is related then to us humans? What is art as a human face in the modern technology? Art is just like us humans. It depends on how someone see us relative to the message we want to convey. For example, even there are lots of advances that we have in technology with our modern world today, let us go back on how we look at ourselves from the very start. If you wish to inspire other people by your story then be it. Be the purpose you want to flourish as human. After all, it is not technology that will dictate us what to do. It is you, yourself will help you build the ladder to your success. Yet, as an art having its various meanings, humans too have his/her meaning in life. No matter what it is, relay your message and be free from any force.* Here is an example: Is There Any Difference Between Art And Design? Art by Vincent Van Gogh's: A Pair of Shoes Philosophy: For philosopher Martin Heidegger, it represents "silent call of the earth, its quiet gift of the ripening grain and its unexplained self-refusal in the fallow desolation of the wintry field". Message: The human face of the modern technology is like the pair of shoes. Humans who depend much on technology gets ripen. Those who forgets his essence as a human, as time passes by, like shoes it will look weary and old. Keep shining your shoes to the best of your capabilities with a balance use of technology. Since we are in modern world today, we need to adapt in technological advancements to make our lives easier at pace. ***Questioning as the Piety of Thought***  - *Heidegger concluded his treatise on technology by saying:* ***"The closer we come to the danger, the more brightly do the ways into the saving power begin to shine and the more questioning we become. For questioning is the piety of thought."*** *For Heidegger, there is unparalleled wisdom gained only when humans are able to pause, think, and question what is around them. Humans are consumed by technology when they are caught upon enframing.* *Heidegger posited that it is through questioning that humans bear witness to the crises that a complete preoccupation with technology brings, preventing them from experiencing the essence of technology. Thus, humans need to take a step back and reassess who they were, who they are, and who they are becoming in the midst of technology in this day and age.* *Comparing the lives of the people before and now will make anyone realize the changes that happened in society not just in terms of culture, language, or rights but more importantly, changes in people's way of life due to the existence of science and technology.* *In this module, it was previously discussed that technology is a way of revealing and for us to understand how technology took us to the common era, our modern world today,* let us go back in time with the human condition in terms of science and technology. The term "generation gap" is attributed mainly to the changes brought about by technology. Although the original idea is for technology to help everyone, it cannot be denied that until today, not everyone is comfortable in using the different kinds of technologies. Mostly those who belong to the older generation think that these technologies are too complicated to operate. They have been used to the simple living in the past and these available technological devices, though very appealing, are a difficult puzzle to them. However, this gap is not something to be worried about. This does not in any way make technology a villain, it is a challenge for people in the field of science and technology to make these technological advancements more accessible and less confusing for people who are not as young anymore. This is also a challenge for the younger generation to take the older generation to an exciting journey in science and technology. In this way, everyone can experience what it is like to live with ease and comfort because of the availability of modern technology. ***The Human Condition Before Common Era*** - *Our early ancestors' primal need to survive paved way for the invention of several developments. Gifted with brains more advanced than other creatures, humans are able to utilize abundant materials for their own ease and comfort. As it is difficult to pinpoint the particular period where technology is said to have started, one can say that at the very least, the motivation to make things easier has been around since humans are.* - ***Homo erectus** have been using fire to cook, through chipping one flint over the other to produce a spark, all the while without realizing the laws of friction and heat. Tools from stone and flints marked the era of the Stone Age, during the advent of our very own Homo sapiens, and humans began to sharpen stones as one would a knife; an example of this is the simple machine called **wedge.*** - *This particular period proved to be difficult for our ancestors but in a remarkably distinct way. There is little to no written accounts except for several cave drawings and unearthed artifacts from various parts of the world that narrate how their culture came to be. For instance, there are several excavations in different parts of Europe of miniature statues prevalent during the Paleolithic period, the so-called "Venus" figure. It depicts a rudimentary carving of a voluptuous woman out of ivory or stone.* - *Soon enough, people discovered minerals and began forging metalwork. They realized that these substances are more durable, malleable, and have more luster than the previous material. On the other hand, there are some indicators that humans in the past share the same concerns and interests, suggesting that these inclinations persist through multitudes of generation over several millennia.* - *Fur clothing and animal skin are primarily used for comfort against harsh winds- our ancestors are able to draw the connection between their being naked and vulnerable due to some lack of fur or protective covering which would otherwise allow them to withstand extreme weather conditions.* - *Excavations on the latter half of the Stone Age include several figures thought to be ceremonial, meaning, that perhaps people of the time had also painstakingly wrought and hewed said figures in honor of some deity. This notion, as it was then and as it is now, is often people's resort to make sense of events happening outside their control.* - *The initial roster of primitive gods includes objects they encounter through their day-to-day lives, so it is not surprising that different tribes may have different gods. Those who might have lived alongside majestic creatures, such as elephants and mammoths, might have been awed by their size and worshiped them as the owner of the land, asking for blessings in their hunting ground.* *Nevertheless, it can be positively inferred that like the people of today, our ancestors also found the need to explain things in a way that makes sense to them. They quickly realized that there are events outside of their control and attempted to justify things as being work of a supernatural being. Throughout the course of history, religion remains to be the strongest contender to science arguably due to its being the most easily grasped. Admittedly, once people stop connecting the dots between cause and effect, they turn to something that could possibly explain their inadequacies in making sense of the world. The people of yesterday appeared to have acknowledged early on they could only do and understand as much, that perhaps other powers at play also existed alongside them.* ***The Human Condition in the Common Era*** *Earliest case of man-made extinction occurred over 12,000 years ago, possibly brought upon by hunting and territorial disputes. The **Holocene extinction,** also called the sixth extinction or more aptly Anthropocene extinction, occurred from as early as between 100,000 to 200,000 years up to the present. It pertains to the ongoing extinction of several species-both flora and fauna- due to human activity.* - *Growing population necessitated finding additional resources, leading to overhunting and overfishing common prey, some of which were endemic to the area* - *Hunting, coupled with a changing terrain that the humans began cultivating when agriculture emerged some 9,000 years ago, caused several species to lose competition in territory and food resources.* - *Formation of communities caused humans to expand more in territory and more people to feed; large, separate communities hailing from the same ancestors and residing in the same large community paved way for civilizations.* - *Trade emerged, leading to cross-town and eventually cross-cultural interaction as more products were exchanged and the initial needs extended to wants.* - *Began to hunt, farm, and produce things with prospect of profit.* - *Products of every kind were exchanged, ranging from necessary ones such as crops, cattle, poultry, others of kind, and clothing materials, up to metals, accessories, weapons, spices, literature, and entertainment.* - *They were able to find and create niches for interests. When they could not sell products, they used their skills and got compensated for it- bringing forth a specialized group of artisans.* - *Humanity became more complex and the primary goal was not merely to survive, but to live the good life.* +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ | **Your Thoughts!** | | | | In not more than 4 sentences, share your insights on this question. | | | | *A. As a college student, what are the ways of helping in this | | crusade of saving most of our endangered species from extinction?* | | | | Please proceed to the **Participation** **Section** of this module | +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ *Technology has been instrumental in all of these because in searching for the good life, people were able to come up with creations that would make life easier, more comfortable, and more enriching. Although the good life envisioned before might be pale in comparison to the multifariousness of today, it offered us the initial intricacies of how today came to be. Such intricacies are also evident in the machines created and causes endeavored by the people of long ago.* *The humans of today are much better off compared to humans several centuries ago. Advancements in medicine, technology, health, and education ushered in humanity's best yet, and show no sign of stopping. Below are some of the notable comparisons then and now:* *1. **Mortality Rate** -- Due to technology, lesser women and children die during birth, assuring robust population and strong workforce. Medical care for premature infants allows them to survive and develop normally, while proper maternal care ensures that mothers can fully recover and remain empowered.* *2. **Average Lifespan**- Aside from the reason that people engage less in combat and are less likely to die in treatable diseases now as opposed to then, science is able to prolong lives by enhancing living status and discovering different remedies to most diseases. Distribution of medicines is also made easier and faster.* *3. **Literacy Rate**- Access to education provided to more individuals generally creates a more informed public that could determine a more just society.* *4. **Gross Domestic Product (GDP)**- Although not an indicator of an average person's lifestyle in a certain country, it is often used to determine the value of the country's good and services produced within the territory given a certain time period. Higher country income is brought upon by high productivity, often an indicator of presence of technology.* ***Backtracking the Human Condition*** *Technology's initial promises proved to be true, regardless of its ramifications. All in all, the human condition improved, only if by improving we measure the level of comfort, various scientific breakthroughs, and improved lifestyles of those who had the luxury to afford to do so. Different machineries aid in prolonging lives- assisting those with disabilities, honing efficiency in industrial workplaces, and even exploring the universe for places we can thrive once all the Earth's resources are depleted.* *As to the initial aims, it appears that things really did not much differ. Some places in the world are still battling for their daily survival- diseases, tribe wars, lack of habitable territories, and competitions on resources are several factors contributing to such. People still wage wars on the basis of races, belief, and abundance of resources and/or territory; except that now, they are able to inflict such in a global scale. A lot of people still subscribe to religion in explaining things that they do not know.* *It seems that the human condition, although more sophisticated, is nothing but a rehashed version of its former self. Nothing much has changed since then, and it appears that nothing will change in the times to come if we fail to shift our view elsewhere. While it is true that technology offered us one compelling notion of the truth and the good, we should be staunch in our resolve if we want to know the real one* \*\*\* END of the Lesson Proper\* **REFERENCES** **Textbooks** Aldea, K, Caronan H.P, and Candido, M.B. (2018). *Science, Technology and Society (OBE Ready)*. Mandaluyong City, Philippines: Book Atbp. Publishing Corp. Serafica, J.P., Pawilen, G., Caslib Jr., B.N., and Alata, E.J. (2018). *Science, Technology and Society*. Quezon City, Philippines: Rex Book Store, Inc. (RBSI) Quinto, E.J. and Nieva, A. (2019). *Science, Technology and Society*. Quezon City, Philippines: C & E Publishing, Inc. **Learning Materials** Worksheets (teacher-made) **SCHOOL OF EDUCATION, ARTS AND SCIENCES** **General Education Area** **SCTS 1013 (Science, Technology and Society)** **2^nd^ SEMESTER S.Y 2020-2021** **Name: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Code: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_** **Yr. & Course: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_** **PARTICIPATION** In this page, write your answers for the Your Thoughts Questions/Items given in the Learning Content of the module. (5 points/item) A. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ B. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ **EVALUATION** **I. Essay Writing (20 points)** **Directions:** Share your insights about the statement in each item. Limit your answer to 75-125 words. Write your entries on the space provided below each statement. Consider the criteria: **Content -- 7 points** **Grammar -- 2 points** **Neatness -- 1 point** ***1. "The essence of technology is technology is by no means anything technological."*** ***- Martin Heidegger (1977)*** \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ ***2. "Technology is not an end in itself, it is a means to an end."*** \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ **II. Learning Task (40 points)** Guidelines: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.   Rubrics: +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | ** ** | Excellent | Very Good | Satisfactor | Poor | | | | | y | | +=============+=============+=============+=============+=============+ | **OVERALL | \-    High | \-    Theme | \-    Theme | \-     No | | APPEARANCE* | degree of | consistent | consistent | theme | | * | creativity | | | evident | | | | \-    Gener | \-    Gener | | | **(15 | \-    Gener | ally | ally | \-     Poor | | points)** | ally | good | adequate | ly | | | inviting(ca | | | done | | | tchy) | \-    Creat | \-    Somew | | | | | ive | hat | \-     Font | | | \-    Theme | | creative | inadequate | | | Consistent | \-    Font | | | | | | used are | \-    Font | \-     Show | | | \-    Font | good | adequate | s | | | used are | | | little | | | consistent | | | creativity | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | **CONTENT** | \-    Well | \-     Well | \-     Lack | \-     Cont | | | written | written | s | ents | | **(15 | | | originality | are seldom | | points)** | \-    Invit | \-     Good | | related to | | | ing | headlines | \-     Head | the theme | | | headlines | | lines | | | | | \-     Mino | included | \-     Poor | | | \-    Corre | r | | headlines | | | ct | errors in | \-     Mino | | | | structure | constructio | r | \-     Majo | | | of | n | grammatical | r | | | sentences | of | errors | grammatical | | | and | sentences | | errors | | | paragraphs | and | | | | | | paragraphs | | | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | **ILLUSTRAT | \-    Highl | \-     Crea | \-     Lack | \-    Mostl | | ION/ | y | tive | s | y | | PHOTO | Creative | | originality | reproductio | | QUALITY** | | \-     Good | | n | | | \-    Excel | color and | \-     Some | | | **(10 | lent | composition | colors and | \-    Few | | points)** | color and | | graphics | or no | | | composition | | elements | graphic | | | | | are used | elements. | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+