SAT Suite Question Bank - Standard English Conventions PDF

Question ID de55ec71 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: de55ec71...

Question ID de55ec71 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: de55ec71 Generations of mystery and horror ______ have been influenced by the dark, gothic stories of celebrated American author Edgar Allan Poe (1809–1849). Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. writers B. writers, C. writers— D. writers; Question ID e38b3e4f Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: e38b3e4f The radiation that ______ during the decay of radioactive atomic nuclei is known as gamma radiation. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. occurs B. have occurred C. occur D. are occurring Question ID 89fbc3eb Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: 89fbc3eb The Mission 66 initiative, which was approved by Congress in 1956, represented a major investment in the infrastructure of overburdened national ______ it prioritized physical improvements to the parks’ roads, utilities, employee housing, and visitor facilities while also establishing educational programming for the public. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. parks and B. parks C. parks; D. parks, Question ID 960dec02 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: 960dec02 A recent study tracked the number of bee species present in twenty-seven New York apple orchards over a ten-year period. ______ found that when wild growth near an orchard was cleared, the number of different bee species visiting the orchard decreased. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. Entomologist Heather Grab: B. Entomologist, Heather Grab, C. Entomologist Heather Grab D. Entomologist Heather Grab, Question ID 37e5c794 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: 37e5c794 Despite being cheap, versatile, and easy to produce, ______ they are made from nonrenewable petroleum, and most do not biodegrade in landfills. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. there are two problems associated with commercial plastics: B. two problems are associated with commercial plastics: C. commercial plastics’ two associated problems are that D. commercial plastics have two associated problems: Question ID 3580533b Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: 3580533b In recent years, economists around the world have created new tools that quantify the overall well-being of a country’s citizens. Economists in India, for example, use an Ease of Living Index. This tool ______ economic potential, sustainability, and citizens’ quality of life. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. measures B. had measured C. would have measured D. will have been measuring Question ID bd11fe93 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: bd11fe93 Dr. Rocío Paola Caballero-Gill is a paleoceanographer. This means that Dr. Caballero-Gill doesn’t just study oceans as they are today. She uses chemistry and fossil evidence ______ oceans as they were in the past. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. has studied B. to study C. studied D. studies Question ID 78b88c04 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: 78b88c04 Joshua Hinson, director of the language revitalization program of the Chickasaw Nation in Oklahoma, helped produce the world’s first Indigenous-language instructional app, Chickasaw ______ Chickasaw TV, in 2010; and a Rosetta Stone language course in Chickasaw, in 2015. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. Basic; in 2009, an online television network; B. Basic; in 2009, an online television network, C. Basic, in 2009; an online television network, D. Basic, in 2009, an online television network, Question ID 67614549 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: 67614549 After winning the 1860 presidential election, Abraham Lincoln appointed Edward Bates, Salmon P. Chase, and William H. Seward to his cabinet. Lincoln’s decision was surprising, since each of these men had run against him, but historians have praised it, noting that Lincoln ______ his rivals’ diverse talents to strengthen his administration. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. has leveraged B. is leveraging C. will leverage D. leveraged Question ID 3ed5ebb4 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: 3ed5ebb4 In her analysis of Edith Wharton’s The House of Mirth (1905), scholar Candace Waid observes that the novel depicts the upper classes of New York society as “consumed by the appetite of a soulless ______ an apt assessment given that The House of Mirth is set during the Gilded Age, a period marked by rapid industrialization, economic greed, and widening wealth disparities. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. materialism”; and B. materialism” and C. materialism,” D. materialism” Question ID 12bd5b75 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: 12bd5b75 With its towering, six-spired exterior of granitelike quartz monzonite, the Salt Lake Temple is one of the most instantly recognizable structures in the state of Utah. However, many people do not know that ______ built over the course of forty years, with construction beginning in 1853 and ending in 1893. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. it was B. one was C. they were D. both were Question ID 2c4cd76d Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: 2c4cd76d Researchers studying magnetosensation have determined why some soil-dwelling roundworms in the Southern Hemisphere move in the opposite direction of Earth’s magnetic field when searching for ______ in the Northern Hemisphere, the magnetic field points down, into the ground, but in the Southern Hemisphere, it points up, toward the surface and away from worms’ food sources. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. food: B. food, C. food while D. food Question ID 96e5da01 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: 96e5da01 The alga species Chlorella vulgaris is very efficient at making oxygen. For this reason, scientists are currently exploring ways to use this species in space. C. vulgaris might be used, for example, to build future biological air exchange systems that ______ oxygen for astronauts. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. are producing B. produced C. produce D. have produced Question ID e44db0a0 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: e44db0a0 Because a cycle of lunar phases ______ 29.5 days to complete, it’s possible to observe two full moons in a single month, one at the beginning and one at the end. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. are taking B. have taken C. take D. takes Question ID cd2443c0 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: cd2443c0 A pioneer in the field of taphonomy (the study of how organic remains become fossils), ______ may be just as prevalent in the fossil record as those of thick-shelled organisms. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. fossils of thin-shelled organisms, Anna Behrensmeyer demonstrated in a 2005 analysis, B. Anna Behrensmeyer demonstrated in a 2005 analysis that fossils of thin-shelled organisms C. it was demonstrated in a 2005 analysis by Anna Behrensmeyer that fossils of thin-shelled organisms D. a 2005 analysis—by Anna Behrensmeyer—demonstrated that fossils of thin-shelled organisms Question ID 9902d2de Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: 9902d2de The Alvarez theory, developed in 1980 by physicist Luis Walter Alvarez and his geologist son Walter Alvarez, maintained that the secondary effects of an asteroid impact caused many dinosaurs and other animals to die ______ it left unexplored the question of whether unrelated volcanic activity might have also contributed to the mass extinctions. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. out but B. out, but C. out D. out, Question ID fe41f258 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: fe41f258 In ancient Greece, an Epicurean was a follower of Epicurus, a philosopher whose beliefs revolved around the pursuit of pleasure. Epicurus defined pleasure as “the absence of pain in the body and of trouble in the ______ that all life’s virtues derived from this absence. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. soul,” positing B. soul”: positing C. soul”; positing D. soul.” Positing Question ID a427a52c Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: a427a52c The Lion Light system, developed by Kenyan inventor Richard Turere, consists of LED lights installed around the perimeter of livestock pastures. Powered with ______ the blinking LEDs keep lions away at night, thus protecting the livestock without risking harm to the endangered lions. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. energy collected, by solar panels, during the day B. energy collected by solar panels during the day C. energy collected by solar panels during the day, D. energy, collected by solar panels during the day, Question ID d75d57a0 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: d75d57a0 While many video game creators strive to make their graphics ever more ______ others look to the past, developing titles with visuals inspired by the “8-bit” games of the 1980s and 1990s. (The term “8-bit” refers to a console whose processor could only handle eight bits of data at once.) Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. lifelike but B. lifelike C. lifelike, D. lifelike, but Question ID 3daf126e Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: 3daf126e A model created by biologist Luis Valente predicts that the rate of speciation—the rate at which new species form—on an isolated island located approximately 5,000 kilometers from the nearest mainland ______ triple the rate of speciation on an island only 500 kilometers from the mainland. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. being B. to be C. to have been D. will be Question ID 975eda7c Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: 975eda7c For thousands of years, people in the Americas ______ the bottle gourd, a large bitter fruit with a thick rind, to make bottles, other types of containers, and even musical instruments. Oddly, there is no evidence that any type of bottle gourd is native to the Western Hemisphere; either the fruit or its seeds must have somehow been carried from Asia or Africa. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. to use B. have used C. having used D. using Question ID c04e9136 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: c04e9136 The 2022 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to three pioneers in the field of click chemistry: two-time Nobel laureate Barry Sharpless, who coined the term “click chemistry” in 1998; Carolyn Bertozzi, founder of the Bertozzi Group at ______ and Morten Meldal, a professor at the University of Copenhagen in Denmark. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. Stanford B. Stanford, C. Stanford: D. Stanford; Question ID 588887b9 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: 588887b9 In 1881, French chemist Camille Faure redesigned the rechargeable lead-acid battery. Faure’s design greatly increased the amount of electricity that the original battery, which the French physicist Gaston Planté ______ fifteen years earlier, could hold. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. is inventing B. will invent C. invents D. had invented Question ID 6f08641e Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: 6f08641e On April 5, 1977, Kitty Cone and 150 other disability rights activists entered a San Francisco federal building. After pleading for years—to no effect—for the passage of key antidiscrimination legislation, ______ until their demands were addressed. Finally, on April 28, the legislation was signed. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. pressure on lawmakers increased when the activists staged a sit-in protest B. a sit-in protest staged by the activists increased pressure on lawmakers C. lawmakers came under increased pressure when the activists staged a sit-in protest D. the activists increased pressure on lawmakers by staging a sit-in protest Question ID 74ce2f05 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: 74ce2f05 A study led by scientist Rebecca Kirby at the University of Wisconsin–Madison found that black bears that eat human food before hibernation have increased levels of a rare carbon isotope, ______ due to the higher 13C levels in corn and cane sugar. Bears with these elevated levels were also found to have much shorter hibernation periods on average. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. carbon-13, (13C) B. carbon-13 (13C) C. carbon-13, (13C), D. carbon-13 (13C), Question ID adf210e7 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: adf210e7 The haiku-like poems of Tomas Tranströmer, which present nature- and dream-influenced images in crisp, spare language, have earned the Swedish poet praise from leading contemporary ______ them Nigerian American essayist and novelist Teju Cole, who has written that Tranströmer’s works “contain a luminous simplicity.” Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. writers. Among B. writers among C. writers; among D. writers, among Question ID b7363ba2 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: b7363ba2 Mathematician and meteorologist Edward Lorenz used the metaphor of the “butterfly effect” to explain how seemingly minor events can have major impacts on future weather. According to Lorenz’s metaphor, the wind from a butterfly flapping ______ in Brazil might eventually grow into a storm elsewhere across the globe. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. its wings B. its wings’ C. it’s wing’s D. it’s wings’ Question ID 1ee7b429 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: 1ee7b429 Bonnie Buratti of NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory ______ data about Saturn’s rings collected by the Cassini spacecraft when she made an interesting discovery: the tiny moons embedded between and within Saturn’s rings are shaped by the buildup of ring material on the moons’ surfaces. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. studies B. has been studying C. will study D. was studying Question ID 333b2b65 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: 333b2b65 While one requires oxygen and one does ______ and anaerobic respiration are both forms of cellular respiration—that is, they are processes by which cells break down glucose to use as energy. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. not aerobic B. not. Aerobic C. not, aerobic D. not; aerobic Question ID aaa1907f Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: aaa1907f To serve local families during the Great Depression, innovative New York City librarian Pura Belpré offered storytelling in both English and Spanish, an uncommon ______ celebrated el Día de los Tres Reyes Magos, an important community holiday; and put on puppet shows dramatizing Puerto Rican folktales. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. practice, at the time B. practice at the time; C. practice, at the time, D. practice at the time, Question ID 7f48b098 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: 7f48b098 Photosynthesis, the mechanism by which plants use sunlight to turn carbon dioxide and water into ______ is fueled in part by an enzyme called Photosystem II that harvests energy-giving electrons from water molecules. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. nutrients B. nutrients and C. nutrients, D. nutrients— Question ID 148be4da Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: 148be4da Human-made (synthetic) fibers used in clothes and many other consumer products are more durable than most natural plant ______ the manufacture of synthetic fibers requires toxic chemical solvents that can pollute air and water. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. fibers, B. fibers but C. fibers D. fibers, but Question ID 0f39b19c Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: 0f39b19c After a spate of illnesses as a child, Wilma Rudolph was told she might never walk again. Defying all odds, Rudolph didn’t just walk, she ______ the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome, she won both the 100- and 200-meter dashes and clinched first place for her team in the 4x100-meter relay, becoming the first US woman to win three gold medals in a single Olympics. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. ran—fast—during B. ran—fast during C. ran—fast, during D. ran—fast. During Question ID f0864217 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: f0864217 Rabinal Achí is a precolonial Maya dance drama performed annually in Rabinal, a town in the Guatemalan highlands. Based on events that occurred when Rabinal was a city-state ruled by a king, ______ had once been an ally of the king but was later captured while leading an invading force against him. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. Rabinal Achí tells the story of K’iche’ Achí, a military leader who B. K’iche’ Achí, the military leader in the story of Rabinal Achí, C. the military leader whose story is told in Rabinal Achí, K’iche’ Achí, D. there was a military leader, K’iche’ Achí, who in Rabinal Achí Question ID c91ef0f0 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: c91ef0f0 During the American Civil War, Thomas Morris Chester braved the front lines as a war correspondent for the Philadelphia Press. Amplifying the voices and experiences of Black soldiers ______ of particular importance to Chester, who later became an activist and lawyer during the postwar Reconstruction period. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. were B. have been C. are D. was Question ID 7b419faf Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: 7b419faf In 1903, environmentalist John Muir guided President Theodore Roosevelt on a scenic, sprawling trip through California’s Yosemite Valley. Upon returning from the three-day excursion, Roosevelt ______ to conserve the nation’s wilderness areas, a vow he upheld for his remaining six years in office. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. is vowing B. vowed C. will vow D. vows Question ID 29c9be28 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: 29c9be28 To survive when water is scarce, embryos inside African turquoise killifish eggs ______ a dormant state known as diapause. In this state, embryonic development is paused for as long as two years—longer than the life span of an adult killifish. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. enter B. to enter C. having entered D. entering Question ID 983d33fa Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: 983d33fa In 1637, the price of tulips skyrocketed in Amsterdam, with single bulbs of rare varieties selling for up to the equivalent of $200,000 in today’s US dollars. Some historians ______ that this “tulip mania” was the first historical instance of an asset bubble, which occurs when investors drive prices to highs not supported by actual demand. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. claiming B. claim C. having claimed D. to claim Question ID 6e193b19 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: 6e193b19 Professional American football player Fred Cox invented one of the world’s most popular toys. In the 1970s, he came up with the idea for the Nerf football, which ______ of the harder and heavier regulation football. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. were a smaller, foam version B. are smaller, foam versions C. were smaller, foam versions D. is a smaller, foam version Question ID 52b61716 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: 52b61716 Formed in 1967 to foster political and economic stability within the Asia-Pacific region, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations was originally made up of five members: Thailand, the Philippines, Singapore, Malaysia, and Indonesia. By the end of the 1990s, the organization ______ its initial membership. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. has doubled B. had doubled C. doubles D. will double Question ID 96c720af Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: 96c720af Atoms in a synchrotron, a type of circular particle accelerator, travel faster and faster until they ______ a desired energy level, at which point they are diverted to collide with a target, smashing the atoms. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. will reach B. reach C. had reached D. are reaching Question ID dbd78791 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: dbd78791 Led by Syrian American astronomer Shadia Habbal, the Solar Wind Sherpas are an intrepid team of scientists who travel the globe to study solar winds, the streams of particles emanating from the Sun that are only visible from certain locations during a total solar eclipse. When such an eclipse is imminent, the Sherpas pack up their telescopes and ______ ready. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. get B. had gotten C. got D. were getting Question ID 9091458d Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: 9091458d Emperor penguins don’t waddle out of the ocean. They launch themselves at such a high speed that they travel up to two meters before landing. How ______ A layer of microbubbles on their plumage reduces friction as the penguins speed to the surface. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. they are able to move so fast! B. are they able to move so fast. C. they are able to move so fast. D. are they able to move so fast? Question ID ac5536c1 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: ac5536c1 Beatrix Potter is perhaps best known for writing and illustrating children’s books such as The Tale of Peter Rabbit (1902), but she also dedicated herself to mycology, the study of ______ more than 350 paintings of the fungal species she observed in nature and submitting her research on spore germination to the Linnean Society of London. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. fungi; producing B. fungi. Producing C. fungi producing D. fungi, producing Question ID 77bf77cd Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: 77bf77cd Farouk El-Baz, a geologist and space scientist, ______ part of the team that selected the lunar landing sites for the Apollo program during the 1960s and 1970s. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. are B. was C. have been D. were Question ID 83898524 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: 83898524 In addition to advocating for South America’s independence in two political treatises, the Cartagena Manifesto and the Letter from Jamaica, Simón Bolívar personally led armies against the Spanish, liberating three South American territories —New Granada (present-day Colombia and Panama), Venezuela, and Quito (present-day ______ from colonial rule. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. Ecuador,) B. Ecuador) C. Ecuador), D. Ecuador)— Question ID fba5d8d1 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: fba5d8d1 In a 2016 study, Eastern Washington University psychologist Amani El-Alayli found that, among the study participants who experienced frisson (a physiological response akin to goosebumps or getting the chills) while listening to music, there was one personality trait that they scored particularly ______ openness to experience. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. high. On B. high on; C. high on D. high on: Question ID 57998dd3 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: 57998dd3 Obsidian is a kind of volcanic glass formed when lava cools so quickly that the atoms inside it cannot arrange themselves in a crystalline structure. You ______ more about obsidian’s structure, which is classified as amorphous, in a later chapter. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. had learned B. had been learning C. will learn D. have learned Question ID ea0aa676 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: ea0aa676 In the 1970s, Janaki Ammal, a prominent botanist, emerged as a powerful voice in India’s environmental conservation movement. Her exhaustive chromosomal survey of plants in Silent Valley, a pristine tropical forest in Kerala, India, that is home to nearly 1,000 species of native flora (many of which are endangered), ______ instrumental in the government’s decision to preserve the forest. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. are B. were C. have been D. was Question ID dc645172 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: dc645172 The artistic talents of Barbara Chase-Riboud, most known for her 1979 historical novel Sally Hemings and the conversation it inspired, ______ limited to the realm of prose: she first excelled in sculpture, where her affinity for bronze— a material she described as “timeless” due to its use across eras and cultures—became part of her artistic identity. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. hasn’t been B. wasn’t C. isn’t D. aren’t Question ID 6fece68e Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: 6fece68e Emperor Ashoka ruled the Maurya Empire in South Asia from roughly 270 to 232 BCE. He is known for enforcing a moral code called the Law of Piety, which established the sanctity of animal ______ the just treatment of the elderly, and the abolition of the slave trade. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. life B. life; C. life: D. life, Question ID 886dc9f9 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: 886dc9f9 On July 23, 1854, a clipper ship called the Flying Cloud entered San Francisco ______ left New York Harbor under the guidance of Captain Josiah Perkins Creesy and his wife, navigator Eleanor Creesy, a mere 89 days and 8 hours earlier, the celebrated ship set a record that would stand for 135 years. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. Bay and having B. Bay. Having C. Bay, having D. Bay having Question ID 166efaa2 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: 166efaa2 Public-awareness campaigns about the need to reduce single-use plastics can be successful, says researcher Kim Borg of Monash University in Australia, when these campaigns give consumers a choice: for example, Japan achieved a 40 percent reduction in plastic-bag use after cashiers were instructed to ask customers whether ______ wanted a bag. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. they B. one C. you D. it Question ID 59a246dc Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: 59a246dc When external forces are applied to common glass made from silicates, energy builds up around minuscule defects in the material, resulting in fractures. Recently, engineer Erkka Frankberg of Tampere University in Finland used the chemical ______ to make a glassy solid that can withstand higher strain than silicate glass can before fracturing. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. compound, aluminum oxide B. compound aluminum oxide, C. compound, aluminum oxide, D. compound aluminum oxide Question ID db4e3819 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: db4e3819 Midway through her 1968 jazz album A Monastic Trio, Alice Coltrane switches instruments, swapping the piano for the harp. With the same fluid style that Coltrane was famous for on piano, she ______ her fingers across the harp strings and creates a radiant sound. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. sweep B. are sweeping C. were sweeping D. sweeps Question ID 6ea8c23f Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: 6ea8c23f In 2018, a team of researchers led by Dr. Caitlin Whalen compiled every available measurement of ocean mixing rates from the past two decades. With this novel data set, the team was able to determine how current-driven mixing varies across ______ and what impact it has on the distribution of heat and nutrients in the ocean. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. regions, B. regions: C. regions; D. regions Question ID aab74a3b Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: aab74a3b Researcher Lin Zhi developed a process for increasing the tensile strength—measured in gigapascals, or GPa—of silkworm ______ dissolving and reweaving the silk in a solution of iron metal ions, zinc, and sugar, Zhi increased the amount of force required to stretch it from approximately 0.5 GPa to 2 GPa. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. silk, by B. silk by C. silk and by D. silk. By Question ID 1724dac2 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: 1724dac2 A subseasonal weather forecast attempts to predict weather conditions three to four weeks in ______ its predictions are therefore more short-term than those of the seasonal forecast, which attempts to predict the weather more than a month in advance. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. advance, B. advance C. advance; D. advance and Question ID 512f0ac9 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: 512f0ac9 Working from an earlier discovery of Charpentier’s, chemists Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer Doudna—winners of the 2020 Nobel Prize in Chemistry—re-created and then reprogrammed the so-called “genetic scissors” of a species of DNA-cleaving bacteria ______ a tool that is revolutionizing the field of gene technology. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. to forge B. forging C. forged D. and forging Question ID a9e5b788 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: a9e5b788 In discussing Mary Shelley’s 1818 epistolary novel Frankenstein, literary theorist Gayatri Spivak directs the reader’s attention to the character of Margaret Saville. As Spivak points out, Saville is not the protagonist of Shelley’s ______ as the recipient of the letters that frame the book’s narrative, she’s the “occasion” of it. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. novel B. novel, C. novel; rather, D. novel, rather, Question ID cdbbbf94 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: cdbbbf94 As British scientist Peter Whibberley has observed, “the Earth is not a very good timekeeper.” Earth’s slightly irregular rotation rate means that measurements of time must be periodically adjusted. Specifically, an extra “leap second” (the 86,401st second of the day) is ______ time based on the planet’s rotation lags a full nine-tenths of a second behind time kept by precise atomic clocks. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. added, whenever B. added; whenever C. added. Whenever D. added whenever Question ID d47bb0a4 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: d47bb0a4 Objects ranging from the Kikkoman soy sauce bottle to the Yamaha VMAX motorcycle to the Komachi bullet train ______ designed by twentieth-century industrial designer Kenji Ekuan. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. was B. is C. has been D. were Question ID e3b72630 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: e3b72630 In the historical novel The Surrender Tree, Cuban American author Margarita Engle uses poetry rather than prose ______ the true story of Cuban folk hero Rosa La Bayamesa. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. tells B. told C. is telling D. to tell Question ID d2b81427 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: d2b81427 In assessing the films of Japanese director Akira Kurosawa, ______ have missed his equally deep engagement with Japanese artistic traditions such as Noh theater. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. many critics have focused on Kurosawa’s use of Western literary sources but B. Kurosawa’s use of Western literary sources has been the focus of many critics, who C. there are many critics who have focused on Kurosawa’s use of Western literary sources, but they D. the focus of many critics has been on Kurosawa’s use of Western literary sources; they Question ID a1e0c981 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: a1e0c981 In her book The Woman Warrior: Memoirs of a Girlhood Among Ghosts, author Maxine Hong Kingston examines themes ______ childhood, womanhood, and Chinese American identity by intertwining autobiography and mythology. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. of: B. of C. of— D. of, Question ID b35cefb7 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: b35cefb7 The fine, powdery substance that covers the Moon’s surface is called regolith. Because regolith is both readily available and high in oxygen ______ scientists have wondered whether it could be used as a potential source of oxygen for future lunar settlements. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. content and B. content, C. content D. content, and Question ID e76e74e8 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: e76e74e8 Over twenty years ago, in a landmark experiment in the psychology of choice, professor Sheena Iyengar set up a jam- tasting booth at a grocery store. The number of jams available for tasting ______ some shoppers had twenty-four different options, others only six. Interestingly, the shoppers with fewer jams to choose from purchased more jam. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. varied: B. varied, C. varied, while D. varied while Question ID b74f676f Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: b74f676f Classical composer Florence Price’s 1927 move to Chicago marked a turning point in her career. It was there that Price premiered her First Symphony—a piece that was praised for blending traditional Romantic motifs with aspects of Black folk music—and ______ supportive relationships with other Black artists. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. developing B. developed C. to develop D. having developed Question ID 3a35ddd1 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: 3a35ddd1 Like other amphibians, the wood frog (Rana sylvatica) is unable to generate its own heat, so during periods of subfreezing temperatures, it ______ by producing large amounts of glucose, a sugar that helps prevent damaging ice from forming inside its cells. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. had survived B. survived C. would survive D. survives Question ID 69f031ab Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: 69f031ab While exploring Nevada’s Gypsum Cave in 1930, Seneca and Abenaki archaeologist Bertha Parker made her most famous discovery: the skull of a now-extinct ground sloth (Nothrotheriops shastensis) alongside human-made tools. Parker’s crucial finding was the first ______ humans in North America as far back as 10,000 years ago. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. places B. placed C. place D. to place Question ID 083a35dc Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: 083a35dc Po’Pay was a Tewa leader from Ohkay Owingeh, a pueblo located about twenty-five miles north of present-day Santa Fe, New Mexico. He was instrumental in organizing the Pueblo Revolt of ______ as a result of his leadership, the Spanish colonizers were expelled from the region for a time. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. 1680 B. 1680 and C. 1680, D. 1680, and Question ID aab78b25 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: aab78b25 Psychophysicist Howard Moskowitz was hired by a soda company to determine how much artificial sweetener ______ After conducting consumer taste tests, he found that no such ideal existed: participants expressed a wide range of preferences for different blends of sweetener, carbonization, and flavoring. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. do most people prefer in a diet drink? B. do most people prefer in a diet drink. C. most people prefer in a diet drink? D. most people prefer in a diet drink. Question ID 145d5ca7 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: 145d5ca7 Gathering accurate data on water flow in the United States is challenging because of the country’s millions of miles of ______ the volume and speed of water at any given location can vary drastically over time. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. waterways and the fact that, B. waterways, and the fact that, C. waterways, and, the fact that D. waterways and the fact that Question ID 843f92af Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: 843f92af The sun never sets during the Arctic summer in the Far North. In response, reindeer in this region must change their sleep habits. Instead of resting when it gets dark, they rest when they need ______ their food. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. digest B. will digest C. to digest D. digesting Question ID 430d929a Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: 430d929a British scientists James Watson and Francis Crick won the Nobel Prize in part for their 1953 paper announcing the double helix structure of DNA, but it is misleading to say that Watson and Crick discovered the double helix. ______ findings were based on a famous X-ray image of DNA fibers, “Photo 51,” developed by X-ray crystallographer Rosalind Franklin and her graduate student Raymond Gosling. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. They’re B. It’s C. Their D. Its Question ID be34a3df Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: be34a3df In 2008, two years after the death of science fiction writer Octavia Butler, the Huntington Library in ______ received a collection of more than 8,000 items, including Butler’s private notes, research materials, manuscripts, photos, and drawings. Today, the Octavia E. Butler Collection is one of the most researched archives at the library. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. California, B. California: C. California— D. California Question ID 1f8cd95f Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: 1f8cd95f In the 1950s, a man named Joseph McVicker was struggling to keep his business afloat when his sister-in-law Kay Zufall advised him to repurpose the company’s product, a nontoxic, clay-like substance for removing soot from wallpaper, as a modeling putty for kids. In addition, Zufall ______ selling the product under a child-friendly name: Play-Doh. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. suggested B. suggests C. had suggested D. was suggesting Question ID 73a6603c Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: 73a6603c On sunny days, dark rooftops absorb solar energy and convert it to unwanted heat, raising the surrounding air ______ a light-colored covering to an existing dark roof, either by attaching prefabricated reflective sheets or spraying on a paint- like coating, helps combat this effect. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. temperature; by adding B. temperature, adding C. temperature. Adding D. temperature by adding Question ID 70ced8dc Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: 70ced8dc Typically, underlines, scribbles, and notes left in the margins by a former owner lower a book’s ______ when the former owner is a famous poet like Walt Whitman, such markings, known as marginalia, can be a gold mine to literary scholars. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. value, but B. value C. value, D. value but Question ID 3bceeb93 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: 3bceeb93 When they were first discovered in Australia in 1798, duck-billed, beaver-tailed platypuses so defied categorization that one scientist assigned them the name Ornithorhynchus paradoxus: “paradoxical bird-snout.” The animal, which lays eggs but also nurses ______ young with milk, has since been classified as belonging to the monotremes group. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. they’re B. their C. its D. it’s Question ID 8a3998f1 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: 8a3998f1 After the United Kingdom began rolling out taxes equivalent to a few cents on single-use plastic grocery bags in 2011, plastic-bag consumption decreased by up to ninety ______ taxes are subject to what economists call the “rebound effect”: as the change became normalized, plastic-bag use started to creep back up. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. percent, such B. percent and such C. percent. Such D. percent such Question ID dab8b8ee Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: dab8b8ee Known as Earth’s “living skin,” biocrusts are thin layers of soil held together by surface-dwelling microorganisms such as fungi, lichens, and cyanobacteria. Fortifying soil in arid ecosystems against erosion, ______ Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. a recent study’s estimate is that these crusts reduce global dust emissions by 60 percent each year. an estimated 60 percent reduction in global dust emissions each year is due to these crusts, according to a recent B. study. C. these crusts reduce global dust emissions by an estimated 60 percent each year, according to a recent study. D. a recent study has estimated that these crusts reduce global dust emissions by 60 percent each year. Question ID 4bed4658 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: 4bed4658 In order to prevent nonnative fish species from moving freely between the Mediterranean and Red Seas, marine biologist Bella Galil has proposed that a saline lock system be installed along the Suez Canal in Egypt’s Great Bitter Lakes. The lock would increase the salinity of the lakes and ______ a natural barrier of water most marine creatures would be unable to cross. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. creates B. create C. creating D. created Question ID 96953201 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: 96953201 In her two major series “Memory Test” and “Autobiography,” painter Howardena Pindell explored themes ______ healing, self-discovery, and memory by cutting and sewing back together pieces of canvas and inserting personal artifacts, such as postcards, into some of the paintings. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. of B. of, C. of— D. of: Question ID 8f6d6ae6 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: 8f6d6ae6 Archaeologists have estimated that the pre-Columbian Native American city of Cahokia, located across the Mississippi River from modern-day St. Louis, Missouri, had as many as 20,000 inhabitants in the year 1150 ______ it one of the largest cities in North America at the time. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. CE making B. CE. Making C. CE, making D. CE; making Question ID 26c8c88c Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: 26c8c88c About 70,000 meteorites have been found on Earth. Although most meteorites are fragments of ______ hundred have been identified as being from the Moon or Mars. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. asteroids. Several B. asteroids, several C. asteroids; several D. asteroids: several Question ID c06af4d8 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: c06af4d8 Sociologist Alton Okinaka sits on the review board tasked with adding new sites to the Hawai‘i Register of Historic Places, which includes Pi‘ilanihale Heiau and the ‘Ōpaeka‘a Road Bridge. Okinaka doesn’t make such decisions ______ all historical designations must be approved by a group of nine other experts from the fields of architecture, archaeology, history, and Hawaiian culture. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. single-handedly, however; B. single-handedly; however, C. single-handedly, however, D. single-handedly however Question ID f4fd123c Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: f4fd123c The African Games Co-production Market, one of over 180 annual international conferences supporting video game development, ______ the growth of the African gaming industry by helping start-up studios in Africa find partners. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. promote B. are promoting C. promotes D. have promoted Question ID 60713427 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: 60713427 Polyphenols are organic compounds ______ among their many roles, provide pigment that helps protect plants against ultraviolet radiation from sunlight. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. that— B. that; C. that, D. that: Question ID 7f1df833 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: 7f1df833 In 1966, Emmett Ashford became the first African American to umpire a Major League Baseball game. His energetic gestures announcing when a player had struck out and his habit of barreling after a hit ball to see if it would land out of ______ transform the traditionally solemn umpire role into a dynamic one. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. bounds helped B. bounds, helping C. bounds that helped D. bounds to help Question ID 2ee50d41 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: 2ee50d41 The classic children’s board game Chutes and Ladders is a version of an ancient Nepalese game, Paramapada Sopanapata. In both games, players encounter “good” or “bad” spaces while traveling along a path; landing on one of the good spaces ______ a player to skip ahead and arrive closer to the end goal. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. allows B. are allowing C. have allowed D. allow Question ID 15d6d837 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: 15d6d837 Literary agents estimate that more than half of all nonfiction books credited to a celebrity or other public figure are in fact written by ghostwriters, professional authors who are paid to write other ______ but whose names never appear on book covers. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. people’s stories B. peoples story’s C. peoples stories D. people’s story’s Question ID 59209b6d Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: 59209b6d Based on genetic evidence, archaeologists have generally agreed that reindeer domestication began in the eleventh century CE. However, since uncovering fragments of a 2,000-year-old reindeer training harness in northern Siberia, ______ may have begun much earlier. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. researcher Robert Losey has argued that domestication B. researcher Robert Losey’s argument is that domestication C. domestication, researcher Robert Losey has argued, D. the argument researcher Robert Losey has made is that domestication Question ID 2b512e65 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: 2b512e65 Eli Eisenberg, a genetics expert at Tel Aviv University in Israel, recently discovered that ______ have a special genetic ability called RNA editing that confers evolutionary advantages. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. cephalopods, ocean dwellers that include the squid, the octopus, and the cuttlefish B. cephalopods—ocean dwellers—that include the squid, the octopus, and the cuttlefish, C. cephalopods, ocean dwellers that include: the squid, the octopus, and the cuttlefish, D. cephalopods—ocean dwellers that include the squid, the octopus, and the cuttlefish— Question ID 856b495d Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: 856b495d In the early twentieth century, Joseph Kekuku and other Hawaiian ______ in the mainland United States to the bright and lilting sound of the kīkā kila, or Hawaiian steel guitar. The instrument soon became a fixture in American blues and country music. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. musicians introduced audiences B. musicians’ introduced audiences’ C. musician’s introduced audience’s D. musicians’ introduced audiences Question ID 870ae7ec Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: 870ae7ec Detroit natives Timothy Paule and Nicole Lindsey have combined their two passions, Detroit and beekeeping, to improve the health of their city’s flowers and other vegetation. In 2017, the couple converted a vacant lot in the city into an ______ in the years that followed they acquired nine additional lots and established more than 35 hives. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. apiary, B. apiary, and C. apiary and D. apiary Question ID fcaff694 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: fcaff694 The city of Pompeii, which was buried in ash following the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 CE, continues to be studied by archaeologists. Unfortunately, as ______ attest, archaeological excavations have disrupted ash deposits at the site, causing valuable information about the eruption to be lost. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. researchers, Roberto Scandone and Christopher Kilburn, B. researchers, Roberto Scandone and Christopher Kilburn C. researchers Roberto Scandone and Christopher Kilburn D. researchers Roberto Scandone, and Christopher Kilburn Question ID 0fe5ce68 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: 0fe5ce68 Ten of William Shakespeare’s plays are classified as histories. Although each one of these plays, which include Henry V and Richard III, ______ on a single historical figure (specifically, an English king), some, such as Henry VI Part One and Henry VI Part Two, feature different episodes from the same monarch’s life. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. focuses B. focus C. are focused D. were focused Question ID 790fc366 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: 790fc366 Using satellite remote sensing, Dr. Catherine Nakalembe, director of NASA’s Harvest Africa initiative, gathers important data on crop health. Nakalembe doesn’t just compile the ______ she also shares her findings with African farmers, enabling them to make data-driven decisions about managing critical food crops. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. information, though; B. information, though, C. information; though D. information though, Question ID 62120607 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: 62120607 From afar, African American fiber artist Bisa Butler’s portraits look like paintings, their depictions of human faces, bodies, and clothing so intricate that it seems only a fine brush could have rendered them. When viewed up close, however, the portraits reveal themselves to be ______ stitching barely visible among the thousands of pieces of printed, microcut fabric. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. quilts, and the B. quilts, the C. quilts; the D. quilts. The Question ID 2bb7416a Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: 2bb7416a In paleontology, the term “Elvis taxon” gets applied to a newly identified living species that was once presumed to be extinct. Like an Elvis impersonator who might bear a striking resemblance to the late musical icon Elvis Presley himself, an Elvis taxon is not the real thing, ______ is a misidentified look-alike. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. however but it B. however it C. however, it D. however. It Question ID 97b62fab Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: 97b62fab Smaller than poppy seeds, tardigrades are tiny, but they are tough. These minuscule animals can survive for thirty years without food or water, and ______ can withstand extreme temperatures as low as minus 328 degrees and as high as 304 degrees Fahrenheit. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. that B. it C. they D. he Question ID 89ab0d46 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: 89ab0d46 After the printing press was introduced in 1440, handwritten manuscripts from Europe’s medieval period were often destroyed and the paper used for other purposes. In one instance, pages ______ a collection of Norse tales dating to 1270 were discovered lining a bishop’s miter (hat). Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. from: B. from, C. from D. from— Question ID b0a525be Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: b0a525be Santa Clara Pueblo artist Roxanne Swentzell’s sculpture Mud Woman Rolls On consists of five human figures made of clay and plant fiber and arranged in descending size; each figure holds the smaller one in front of it. The arrangement of the figures, according to ______ represents her idea that “we all come from the Earth, generation after generation.” Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. Swentzell B. Swentzell, C. Swentzell: D. Swentzell— Question ID eef91a50 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: eef91a50 Nine months before Rosa Parks made history by refusing to comply with the segregated seating policy on a Montgomery, Alabama, bus, a fifteen-year-old Montgomery girl named Claudette Colvin was arrested for the same ______ to some historians, Colvin’s arrest led to Parks’s action and eventually to the desegregation of Montgomery’s bus system. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. offense. According B. offense, according C. offense according D. offense and according Question ID 01a32c84 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: 01a32c84 The first computerized spreadsheet, Dan Bricklin’s VisiCalc, improved financial recordkeeping not only by providing users with an easy means of adjusting data in spreadsheets but also by automatically updating all calculations that were dependent on these ______ to VisiCalc’s release, changing a paper spreadsheet often required redoing the entire sheet by hand, a process that could take days. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. adjustments prior B. adjustments, prior C. adjustments. Prior D. adjustments and prior Question ID 548f4956 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: 548f4956 It is generally true that technological change is a linear process, in which once-useful technologies are replaced by new and better ______ the reawakening of interest in the steam engine (from advocates of carbon-neutral rail travel) reminds us that ostensibly obsolete technologies may be brought back into service to address society’s changing needs. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. ones, even so; B. ones even so, C. ones; even so, D. ones, even so, Question ID 2c84f96a Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: 2c84f96a In 2017, artists Isabel and Ruben Toledo redesigned the costumes and sets for The Miami City Ballet’s production of The ______ to reviewers, the Toledos’ designs helped infuse the production with elements of Miami’s Latin American culture. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. Nutcracker according, B. Nutcracker, according C. Nutcracker according D. Nutcracker. According Question ID dd6a0326 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: dd6a0326 African American Percy Julian was a scientist and entrepreneur whose work helped people around the world to see. Named in 1999 as one of the greatest achievements by a US chemist in the past hundred years, ______ led to the first mass-produced treatment for glaucoma. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. Julian synthesized the alkaloid physostigmine in 1935; it B. in 1935 Julian synthesized the alkaloid physostigmine, which C. Julian’s 1935 synthesis of the alkaloid physostigmine D. the alkaloid physostigmine was synthesized by Julian in 1935 and Question ID 4ba99a6f Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: 4ba99a6f Seneca sculptor Marie Watt’s blanket art comes in a range of shapes and sizes. In 2004, Watt sewed strips of blankets together to craft a 10-by-13-inch ______ in 2014, she arranged folded blankets into two large stacks and then cast them in bronze, creating two curving 18-foot-tall blue-bronze pillars. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. sampler later, B. sampler; C. sampler, D. sampler, later, Question ID ce81d0b7 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: ce81d0b7 The life spans of rockfish vary greatly by species. For instance, the colorful calico rockfish (Sebastes dalli) can survive for a little over a ______ the rougheye rockfish (Sebastes aleutianus) boasts a maximum life span of about two centuries. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. decade: while B. decade. While C. decade; while D. decade, while Question ID db24ecc9 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: db24ecc9 The Arctic-Alpine Botanic Garden in Norway and the Jardim Botânico of Rio de Janeiro in Brazil are two of many botanical gardens around the world dedicated to growing diverse plant ______ fostering scientific research; and educating the public about plant conservation. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. species, both native and nonnative, B. species, both native and nonnative; C. species; both native and nonnative, D. species both native and nonnative, Question ID 35360da9 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: 35360da9 The US Geological Survey wants to map every human-made structure in the United States, and it is asking volunteers to help. Cassie Tammy Wang and Ashish D’Souza are just two of the many volunteer map editors who ______ to the project since it began in 2012. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. contribute B. will contribute C. have contributed D. will be contributing Question ID 0fa289a7 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: 0fa289a7 In 1955, Indian Bengali filmmaker Satyajit Ray released his first movie, Pather ______ quiet black-and-white drama about a family in rural India, Ray’s film was quite different from the loud, colorful action-romance movies that were popular at the time. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. Panchali a B. Panchali, which was a C. Panchali, a D. Panchali. A Question ID 684b8bd2 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: 684b8bd2 Far from being modern inventions, ______ more than 5,000 years ago. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. Sumerians in ancient Mesopotamia used drinking straws B. drinking straws were used by Sumerians in ancient Mesopotamia C. the use of drinking straws by Sumerians in ancient Mesopotamia happened D. ancient Mesopotamia was home to Sumerians who used drinking straws Question ID f30a478e Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: f30a478e A study published by Rice University geoscientist Ming Tang in 2019 offers a new explanation for the origin of Earth’s ______ structures called arcs, towering ridges that form when a dense oceanic plate subducts under a less dense continental plate, melts in the mantle below, and then rises and bursts through the continental crust above. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. continents geological B. continents: geological C. continents; geological D. continents. Geological Question ID 67667d72 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: 67667d72 Humans were long thought to have begun occupying the Peruvian settlement of Machu Picchu between 1440 and 1450 CE. However, a team led by anthropologist Dr. Richard Burger used accelerator mass spectrometry to uncover evidence that it was occupied ______ 1420 CE, according to Burger, humans were likely inhabiting the area. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. earlier. In B. earlier, in C. earlier, which in D. earlier in Question ID dd428136 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: dd428136 Cheng Dang and her colleagues at the University of Washington recently ran simulations to determine the extent to which individual snow ______ affect the amount of light reflecting off a snowy surface. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. grain’s physical properties’ B. grains’ physical properties C. grains’ physical property’s D. grains physical properties Question ID 04bfd364 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: 04bfd364 The intense pressure found in the deep ocean can affect the structure of proteins in fish’s cells, distorting the proteins’ shape. The chemical trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) counters this effect, ensuring that proteins retain their original ______ is found in high concentrations in the cells of the deepest-dwelling fish. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. configurations. TMAO B. configurations TMAO C. configurations, TMAO D. configurations and TMAO Question ID ea8f4658 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: ea8f4658 When particles are suspended in liquid (like pollen in a water glass), they will zigzag randomly through the liquid and collide with one another in perpetuity. This type of random, continuous ______ is known as Brownian motion, can be observed throughout the natural world. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. movement: which B. movement, which C. movement which D. movement. Which Question ID 775f3eb9 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: 775f3eb9 In his groundbreaking book Bengali Harlem and the Lost Histories of South Asian America, Vivek Bald uses newspaper articles, census records, ships’ logs, and memoirs to tell the ______ who made New York City their home in the early twentieth century. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. story’s of the South Asian immigrants B. story’s of the South Asian immigrants’ C. stories of the South Asian immigrants D. stories’ of the South Asian immigrant’s Question ID b6560e5a Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: b6560e5a Materials scientist Marie-Agathe Charpagne and her colleagues believed they could improve on the multicomponent alloy NiCoCr, an equal-proportions mixture of nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), and chromium (Cr), by replacing chromium with ruthenium ______ the alloy that resulted, NiCoRu, turned out to be an unsuitable replacement for NiCoCr. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. (Ru) B. (Ru) but C. (Ru), D. (Ru), but Question ID 5b8f9cf2 Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: 5b8f9cf2 In the canon of North African literature, Moroccan author Driss Chraïbi’s 1954 novel The Simple Past (Le Passé simple) looms large. A coming-of-age story, a social meditation, and a sober gaze into the dark maw of French colonialism, ______ interrogates systemic power with memorable intensity. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. Morocco gained its independence two years before the publication of Chraïbi’s debut novel, which B. Chraïbi’s debut novel, published two years before Morocco gained its independence, C. Chraïbi wrote a debut novel that, published two years before Morocco gained its independence, D. published two years before Morocco gained its independence, Chraïbi wrote a debut novel that Question ID b5b74c3f Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure, and Conventions Sense ID: b5b74c3f When writing The Other Black Girl (2021), novelist Zakiya Dalila Harris drew on her own experiences working at a publishing office. The award-winning book is Harris’s first novel, but her writing ______ honored before. At the age of twelve, she entered a contest to have a story published in American Girl magazine—and won. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A. were B. have been C. has been D. are Question ID 432b1ede Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries Conventions ID: 432b1ede The forty-seven geothermal springs of Arkansas’ Hot Springs National Park are sourced via a process known as natural groundwater recharge, in which rainwater percolates downward through the earth—in this case, the porous rocks of the hills around Hot ______ collect in a subterranean basin. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard