S2 Chapter 3 Outcome -3 PDF

Leadership Theory and Practices
BSHR2103 CHAPTER 3- Factors influencing leadership Outcome No 3: Analyze various factors influencing leadership Contents  Factors of leadership  Follower  Leader  Communication  Situation  Factors influencing leadership  Introducti...

Leadership Theory and Practices
BSHR2103 CHAPTER 3- Factors influencing leadership Outcome No 3: Analyze various factors influencing leadership Contents  Factors of leadership  Follower  Leader  Communication  Situation  Factors influencing leadership  Introduction The leadership style a person uses can be inf luenced by a number of factors. Some of the factors may develop naturally, while others are a product of the leader's environment. leaders may even need to adjust their leadership style to adapt to a changing culture. https://www.pocketpence.co.uk/advantages-content-theories-motivation-6192602.html  The interactional framework of leadership The interactional framework is based on the idea that leadership involves complex interactions between the leader, the followers The f r a m e w or k de pic ts le a de r s hip a s a f unc tion of thre e elements—the leader, the followers, and the situation Hughes, Richard (2015), Leadership: Enhancing the Lessons of Experience, 8th edition, McGraw-Hill Higher Education New York, Kindle Edition. Factors of leadership There are four major factors in leadership:  Follower  Leader  Communication  Situation http://www.infinity-learning.com/english/blog/factors-of-leadership/ The Leader The first factor in leadership is the leader itself. A leader is to have a good understanding of human nature such as needs, emotions and motivation. A leader should possess a thorough knowledge of himself, the degree of potential he hold. He must have the capacity to motivate his followers and gain their complete confidence leader needs to establish interpersonal relations Leaders are expected to inf luence people to form a group by bringing members together Followers

Leadership implies the existence of followers. An eff icient leader is one who considers, the follower differ in personality and they cannot be handled in the same manner. If followers do not trust or lack conf idence in their leader, then they will be uninspired. A leader should be apprehending the needs of his people, so that he would have a different approach for individual requirements. Followers For instance, if employees in an organization prefer a high ne e d for inde pe nde nce , show re adine ss t o assum e responsibility, display interest in problem-solving and decision making, then leaders permit greater freedom. Hence, different people require different styles of leadership. For example, a new hire requires more supervision than an experienced employee. A person who lacks motivation requires a different approach than one with a high degree of motivation. Communication

A g o o d l e a d e r g u i d e s hi s fo l l o we r s t hro u g h communication, especially non-verbal. If he speaks and lacks conviction or his tone does not match his body language, then he will not be taken seriously, Therefore, his manner of communication matters a lot. The leader leads through two-way communication.  Two-way Communication

Leaders establish vision and mission and set the direction for the organization, communicate the vision to the people in the organization and synchronize them with the organizational vision and mission, The leader listens closely to people at work and organizes and clearly presents information both orally and in writing. A leader is always contributing to the group by advancing useful suggestions, tracking progress, providing direction and guidance where necessary. Leaders demonstrating communication skills are both good speakers and listeners. The leaders , through their words, keep the workforce motivated and committed. They also listen to their followers and ask questions when they want to make sure they have a good understanding of what is being expressed. The Situation

No two situations area like or have the same solutions An efficient leader uses his judgment and experience to tackle these situations and make decisions All situations are different. An approach that is successful in one situation will not always work in another A successful leader is sensitive to the inf luences in various situations and they are in a position to determine the right style of leadership to be followed in handling various situations. Different situation examples For instance, if an employee is a habitual late comer, but an eff icient worker, then the leader needs to consider very carefully what action should he take in order to make him punctual without demotivating him. For example, the leader may need to confront an employee for inappropriate behavior, but if the confrontation is too late or too early, too harsh or too weak, then the results may prove ineffective https://www.technofunc.com/index.php/leadership-skills-2/leadership-styles/item/factors-of-leadership Factors influencing leadership styles Leaders are able to inf luence and guide people under them, so an organization can become more effective in achieving its goals. Styles of leadership are affected by internal and external factors  Personality Traits A leadership style is determined by a leader's personality who is in charge of a group of employees. If an individual is outgoing and assertive, he may prefer to communicate directly with subordinates through face-to-face interaction or confrontation, either on a group or individual basis. The reserved leader is probably more comfortable meeting with subordinates on a one-on-one basis to provide individual direction. Example If the manager possesses charming behavior that draws people to him, he is likely to adopt a charismatic style that develops a loyal staff who want to please their leader. https://www.pocketpence.co.uk/factors-influencing-leadership-styles-8145993.html Nature of task If the nature of the task to be performed in an organization is quite critical and the time is too short in taking decisions, autocratic styles may be used by leaders, Whereas in handling the simple tasks with no pressures of time, the leader might adopt a participative style. Level of Control

A leader wishes to maintain control also influences leadership style. Some leaders want to be involved in all aspects of day-to-day operations and decision-making processes, which requires the need for micromanaging. Others may be more trusting of their subordinates or may not want the heavy burden of making all decisions, so they tend to take a more hands-off approach by delegating responsibility. Organizational Structure Some organizations place heavy emphasis on encouraging contributions or ideas from their members, requiring an open style of leadership where members have a large say in determining their own roles and functions. Other organizations operate with more of a "my way or the highway" mentality, where leaders dictate direction and deviation or innovation is frowned upon. Experience A leader's level of experience, both as a leader and with a particular organisation can have an impact on his style. Someone who is new to a leadership role may be more inclined to lea d "by the book" to avoid potential mistakes, while a more experienced leader will often feel more conf ident in following his own interpretation of rules and regulations. A leader who has been part of an organisation for many years will likely have a better understanding of the organization's nuances than a new member, so he may be more comfortable when making decisions. OTHER FACTORS - ORGANIZATIONAL RESOURCES Leaders are dependent on organizational resources, such as staff, technology, finances and physical resources to achieve their goals. The success of management depends on how well resources are acquired and used. SOCIOLOGICAL FACTORS Leaders need to understand the demographic makeup and cultures of the clients of the organization and trends in the marketplace to design products and services for particular populations. ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL FACTORS

Leaders must educate themselves on their suppliers, customers and competitors to determine the economic and current political factors that affect the marketplace. These factors inf luence how leaders accomplish their goals. TECHNOLOGY Technology can dramatically change the business environment. Leaders must adjust their management styles to help the company adapt to technology. Research and development help leaders to create innovative new techniques that make operations easier. Conclusion As leadership development is an important issue in the f ie ld of management practices, it involves developing those qualities and attitudes in managers which help them to look into the future and to bring necessary improvement pertaining to different leadership styles. Situational approach recognizes that leadership is based on an inter- play between —(a) Amount of direction (task behaviour) provided by leader; (b) Amount of socio-emotional support (relationship behavior) provided by leader; and (c) Readiness level or maturity level of followers in respect of performance of a task. The leader has to consider the internal and external factors to adopt a suitable leadership style that helps to achieve the goals. Discussion Questions 1. Explain the factors of leadership 2. ‘Different people require different styles of leadership’. Comment. 3. How communication plays a major role in leadership determining the leadership style? 4. Examine the various factors that influence the leadership styles. 5. ‘A leadership style is determined by a leader's personality’. Comment. Mini Case Study Melissa's performance as a CEO in her previous organization was regarded as a failure for many reasons. She was terminated due to her inability to mingle with followers. Later on she got an opportunity to work in another organization. She need to prove herself in the current opportunity. Questions: What is your opinion about the above case information. To be successful in the career what qualities are recommended to the leaders like Melissa. https://www.chegg.com/homework-help/questions-and-answers/mini-case-study-2-leadership-interactional-framework-melissa-s-performance-ceo-previous-or-q95740693 References Hughes, Richard (2015), Leadership: Enhancing the Lessons of Experience, 8th edition, McGraw- Hill Higher Education New York, Kindle Edition. https://www.technofunc.com/index.php/leadership-skills-2/leadership-styles/item/factors-of- leadership https://bizfluent.com/list-6724090-organizational-leadership-practices-impact- organizations.html https://www.leadership.contractors/factors-that-influence-leadership-styles  CONTACT INFORMATION: Name of the Staff : Arifa.T.Mohammed Office:UTAS-IBRA Email:[email protected] VERSION HISTORY Version No Date Approved Changes incorporated 01 Sem. (I) 2022/2023 02 Sem ( 1 ) 2023 / 2024 Dr Nirmala / UTAS MUSCAT 26